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HomeMy WebLinkAbout022000 Earthwork.pdfGiant Eagle Market #6550 The Bridges, Carmel, Indiana Building Shell Bid & Permit DLA Project 2014040.00 August 12, 2014 EARTHWORK 1 SECTION 02200 - EARTHWORK PART 1 - GENERAL 1.1 SECTION INCLUDES A. Provide labor and materials to complete the earthwork within the limit of Work as shown on the Drawings and herein specified. 1. Protection. 2. Excavation: a. General excavation to lines and grades indicated. b. Trench excavation for footings, piers, etc. c. Excavation for buried pipes, wires and conduits under ground floor. d. Excavation for buried structures, pipes, wires and conduits outside the building. 3. General exterior rough grading, cutting and filling as required. 4. Filling and backfilling for excavations, including furnishing of extra material required. 5. Compacted gravel under buildings. 6. Compacted gravel for roadways, drives and walks. 7. Shoring, bracing, sheathing, and cribbing as required and removal of the same. 8. Pumping of excavation as may be required. 9. Crushed stone, including bedding for underdrains and soil gas vents inside building. 10. Underdrains, including foundation drains inside and outside building. 1.2 SUBMITTALS A. Submit manufacturer's product literature and test results for approval on all materials in accordance with Section 01300. 1.3 PROTECTION A. Excavation, sidewalks, trenches, etc., shall be kept properly fenced and guarded. Lights shall be provided and maintained wherever and whenever necessary. Trees which are within the area of operations (and are to remain) shall be protected with suitable boarding or fencing. B. Shoring: Do shoring, bracing, etc., necessary to support soil adjoining the excavation and to protect foundation of any adjacent existing building, in compliance with OSHA and all other Federal, State, and local codes. C. Protect newly filled areas from traffic and erosion. Repair and re-establish grades to the specified tolerances in settled, eroded and rutted areas. Where completed compacted areas are disturbed by subsequent construction operations or adverse weather, scarify the surface, re-shape and compact to the required density prior to further construction. D. Protect structures, utilities, sidewalks, culverts, pavements, and other facilities from damage caused by settlement, lateral movement, undermining, washout and other hazards created by earthwork operations. Repair, or have repaired, all damage to existing utilities, structures, culverts, pavement, lawns, other public and private property which results from construction operations, at no additional expense to Owner, to the complete satisfaction of the Construction Representative, the utility, and Owner. 1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE A. Compaction Control: Wherever a percentage of compaction for backfill is indicated or specified, it shall be Giant Eagle Market #6550 The Bridges, Carmel, Indiana Building Shell Bid & Permit DLA Project 2014040.00 August 12, 2014 EARTHWORK 2 the in-place dry density divided by the maximum dry density and multiplied by 100. B. The maximum dry density shall be the dry density at optimum moisture as determined by ASTM D 1557- 91 "Test Method for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Modified Effort," latest revision. Method A, B or C shall be selected by the testing agency based on the gradation results of the sample taken. Adjustments to the laboratory density for oversize aggregate shall be made (if required) as specified in ASTM D 1557-91. These adjustments shall be made in accordance with ASTM D 4718-87, latest revision. C. The in-place density shall be determined in accordance with ASTM Standard Method of Test for Density of Soil in Place by the Sand Cone Method, Designation D 1556; or density of soil and soil aggregate in-place by nuclear methods (shallow depth), Designation D2922. D. Materials used on-site are subject to the approval of the Construction Representative and Geotechnical Engineer and unsuitable materials shall be removed from the site. 1.5 MEASUREMENTS AND CLASSIFICATION A. Measurements: Measurements used for calculating amounts of excavation shall be within a vertical line placed 2'-0" outside the wall or 1'-0" outside footing, whichever is greater, and to the depth indicated. Trench excavation for underground utilities shall be based on a trench width 2'-6" greater than the diameter of the pipe with vertical walls, and the depth of 4" below the pipe. Excavation shall be taken to a minimum of 1'-0" below finish floor, and slabs on grade, unless a different backfill thickness is indicated. B. Classification: 1. Earth excavation includes any and all material not having the qualities to classify as rock excavation. 2. Rock excavation includes the satisfactory removal and disposal of solid rock material which cannot be removed without systematic drilling and blasting. This includes rock material which is in ledges, bedded deposits, unstratified masses, and conglomerate deposits which are so firmly cemented that they possess the characteristics of solid rock. Fragmented "weathered" rock which can be removed by excavation equipment with "ripper" teeth will be considered earth. Boulders will be included only if each is two (2) cubic yard size or greater and cannot be excavated without drilling and blasting or pneumatic splitting. When, during the progress of excavation, ledge is encountered, the Construction Representative shall be notified. Adjustments will be by unit price. The Construction Representative shall determine the extent of rock excavation and classification. 3. The unit price for rock excavation is net and is not subject to credit for any other material which it may replace. 4. Excavation which measures 6'-0" or less in width, regardless of length, shall be classified as trench excavation. Measurements to be determined as outlined herein. 5. Excavation which does not meet the above requirements for trench excavation shall be classified as open excavation. 6. Owner will take credit for excavation omitted through changes in the Plans and/or Specifications at the unit price stated. 1.6 SOIL TESTING A. Soil compaction control including laboratory testing, on site testing, and geotechnical inspection will be done by a testing agency hired by the Owner’s Representative. B. Provide samples of each fill material from the proposed source of supply. Allow sufficient time for testing and evaluation of results before material is needed. Submit samples from alternate sources if proposed material does not meet the Specifications. Submit test results to the Construction Representative. C. Tests of soil as delivered may be performed from time to time. Materials in question may not be used, Giant Eagle Market #6550 The Bridges, Carmel, Indiana Building Shell Bid & Permit DLA Project 2014040.00 August 12, 2014 EARTHWORK 3 pending test results. Remove rejected material and replace with new, approved soil. D. Cooperate with the laboratory in obtaining field samples of in-place, bank-run, or stockpiled materials. Samples should be obtained by laboratory personnel from various suppliers, but other individuals may obtain and deliver samples if approved by the Construction Representative. E. Coordinate schedule with testing agency and Construction Representative to allow testing agency representative to be on site prior to foundation formwork and at the start of filling operations. F. The General Contractor and Subcontractor shall bear cost of retesting when initial test results indicate non-compliance with Specifications, or when alternate sources are submitted. G. In-place Compaction Test Frequency for Each Layer Placed: PART 2 - PRODUCTS 2.1 GRAVEL BASE AND SUB-BASE A. Clean screened or crushed gravel, naturally or artificially well-graded, free from organic material or clay. Conform to the requirements of ASTM D-2940 with the following gradations: SLEVE SIZE % PASSING Base Sub-Base 2" 100 100 1 1/2" 95 - 100 90 - 100 3/4" 70 - 92 - 3/8" 50 - 70 - #4 35 - 55 30 - 60 #200 0 - 5 0 - 12 B. Containing no pyritic or expansive material, such as mine tailings, shales, or slag. C. Engineered fill consists of gravel subbase. D. Gradations in the table represent the limits which shall determine suitability of gravel for use from the sources of supply. The gradations shall be uniformly graded from course to fine within the limits designated in the table and shall not vary from the low limit on one sieve to the high limit on the adjacent sieves, or vice versa. 2.2 GRANULAR BORROW A. Uniformly graded bank-run gravel which can be compacted to the required density, free of debris, roots, topsoil, vegetable matter, frozen material, and any other deleterious material. The portion that passes a 3" sieve shall meet the following gradation requirements: Giant Eagle Market #6550 The Bridges, Carmel, Indiana Building Shell Bid & Permit DLA Project 2014040.00 August 12, 2014 EARTHWORK 4 SLEVE SIZE PERCENT PASSING BY WEIGHT #40 0 - 50 #200 0 - 15 B. Maximum size stone passes 4" sieve. 2.3 GRANULAR BEDDING MATERIAL A. Clean sand or gravel free from organic material or clay conforming to the following gradation: SLEVE SIZE PERCENT PASSING BY WEIGHT 2" 100 1/4" 25 - 100 #40 0 - 30 #200 0 - 7 2.4 COMMON BORROW A. Soil which is free from vegetable matter, lumps of clay, perishable rubbish or peat, or frozen material, which can be placed and compacted to the required densities. 8-inch maximum stone size. 2.5 BEDDING SAND A. Clean, coarse, sharp, durable particles free from organic material or clay conforming to the following gradations: SLEVE SIZE PERCENT PASSING 3/8" 100% #4 95 - 100 #16 50 - 85 #50 10 – 30 #100 2 – 10 #200 0 – 5 2.6 CRUSHED STONE A. Screened or crushed natural stone, free from shale, organic matter and debris conforming to the following gradation: (ASTM C-33 Size No.56) Giant Eagle Market #6550 The Bridges, Carmel, Indiana Building Shell Bid & Permit DLA Project 2014040.00 August 12, 2014 EARTHWORK 5 SLEVE SIZE PERCENT PASSING 1-1/2" 100% 1" 90 –100 3/4" 40 – 85 1/2" 10 – 40 3/8" 0 –15 #4 0 – 5 2.7 UNDERDRAINS A. Use One of the Following for Underdrains: 1. Polyvinylchloride (PVC), Type PS-46 conforming to ASTM F-789 or PSM (SDR 35)conforming to ASTM D-3034 perforated with two rows of 1/2-inch diameter holes. Gasketed push-on joints. 2. Corrugated polyethylene drainage pipe, heavy-duty grade, perforated, conforming to AASHTO M252 and ASTM F 405. Pipe must be marked as "Heavy-Duty" conforming to ASTM F405, or pipe stiffness of 30 psi at 5% deflection, maximum of 5% elongation. B. Provide cleanout risers to finish grade outside the building with threaded covers. Grease threads on cover. Provide cleanout plug inside a cast iron or aluminum handhole and cover, set flush to walkway or drive pavement, where cleanout is in a hard surface area. C. Inside the building, provide cleanouts as specified in Section 15400, Plumbing . 2.8 GEOTEXTILE DRAINAGE FABRIC A. Polypropylene or Polyester Non-woven, Needle-punched Drainage Fabric with the Following Minimum Properties: Weight 4.5 oz/sy Water Flow Rate 280 gpm/sf Thickness 60 mils Coef of Permeability 0.2 cm/sec Tear Strength 50 lbs Equiv. Opening Size 70-100 sieve B. Mirafi 140N, Terra Tex - SD, Trevira 1115, AEF 480, or approved equal. PART 3 - EXECUTION 3.1 ROUGH GRADING A. Rough grade the area within the limits of Work to conform to grades indicated, making provision for finish materials, including necessary cutting and filling. Provide additional material as necessary to complete the Giant Eagle Market #6550 The Bridges, Carmel, Indiana Building Shell Bid & Permit DLA Project 2014040.00 August 12, 2014 EARTHWORK 6 rough grading. 3.2 DISPOSAL A. Dispose of unsuitable material, organic material, wood waste, rock material, and surplus excavated soil in excess of that required for rough grading off the site in a disposal area obtained by the General Contractor and Subcontractor. Conform to Federal, State and local solid waste disposal regulations. B. If hazardous waste or special waste as defined by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency or State Department of Environmental Protection is encountered during excavation, the General Contractor and Subcontractor shall avoid disturbance of that material, and shall notify Owner immediately. The State Bureau of Oil and Hazardous Waste Control must be notified and consulted prior to disturbance of the waste or contaminated soil. Removal and disposal of contaminated materials is not included in the Subcontract Bid, since it must be handled as directed by the regulatory agencies on a case-by-case basis. 3.3 EXCAVATION A. Excavation shall be made to the proper depths with the proper allowance for forms, etc. Excavation shall be approximately level, clean and clear of loose material. Debris, rock material, organic material or unsuitable material encountered in the excavation shall be removed and disposed of as specified above. Excavation shall be carried to depth required by design. Over-excavation beyond the design limits, made without authorization from Owner or Geotechnical Engineer, will be refilled with gravel subbase material compacted to 95% maximum dry density at the General Contractor’s and Subcontractor's expense. B. Excavate the area within the building lines level to a minimum of 12 inches below the underside of the concrete floor slab. Excavate foundation wall footings and column footings level to the bottom of the footing. Proof-roll the sub-grade for footings and slabs to 95% maximum dry density, and obtain approval of the Geotechnical Engineer prior to further construction. C. Exercise extreme caution during footing excavation to minimize disturbance of the subgrade soils. This will require excavation in dry weather, use of smooth bucket excavator (without teeth), limiting traffic on the exposed soil, and dewatering below subgrade. D. Prevent freezing of the subgrade soils inside the building lines. Freezing of these soils beneath footings and slabs may result in frost heaving or post-construction settlement. If frost penetration occurs, the native soil and overlying fill effected should be removed and replaced, as directed by the Geotechnical Engineer. E. If bearing is not suitable at levels shown on the Drawings, the Construction Representative or Geotechnical Engineer shall be notified so that adjustments in level or changes may be made immediately. The Geotechnical Engineer will set the limits of excavation of unsuitable material. The width of the over- excavation and the replaced material shall be twice the depth of excavation below the footing grade. Allowance for over-excavation of unsuitable material and replacement with gravel subbase will be made under the unit price listed in the Bid Form, when the over-excavation has received prior approval from Owner or Geotechnical Engineer. F. Draining of Excavation: The General Contractor and Subcontractor shall, by use of pumps, or other approved means as may be necessary, prevent the accumulation of water in the excavated areas. G. Prior to excavation, verify and obtain confirmation from Utility Companies that all buried utilities are located accurately on the Drawings and in the field. Completeness and accuracy of subsurface information is not guaranteed. Provide test pits as necessary to verify location and depth of buried utilities. 3.4 FILLING AND COMPACTION Giant Eagle Market #6550 The Bridges, Carmel, Indiana Building Shell Bid & Permit DLA Project 2014040.00 August 12, 2014 EARTHWORK 7 A. General: 1. Fill shall be compacted in 6" to 8" layers to avoid settlement. In filling against walls or pipelines, the fill shall be placed and compacted on both sides at the same time to avoid undue strain. 2. Fill material within 2 feet of outside building lines shall be gravel sub-base for the full depth to the footing. Beneath paved areas extend gravel subbase at least 5 feet from building foundations, sloping to 2 feet at footing. Fill beyond this limit may be suitable on-site excavated material or granular borrow, unless noted otherwise. This limit does not pertain to sloped gravel subbase beneath footings. Common borrow may be used beneath grass areas, unless noted otherwise. 3. Compact fill under pavements to 95% of maximum dry density and under grass or mulch areas to 90% of maximum dry density. 4. Provide additional material necessary to complete the filling. 5. Place gravel base material under concrete pads a minimum of 12" deep, compacted to 95% maximum dry density. 6. Fill above underdrain geotextile wrap with gravel sub-base for full depth to ground surface. B. Inside Building Lines: 1. Prior to placing any concrete or soil, obtain approval of the exposed subgrade soil from the Geotechnical Engineer. 2. Fill from bottom of excavation to within 12 inches of the bottom of the slab with gravel sub-base material. Place a 12-inch layer of gravel base material directly under the slab, following filling of interior trenches. Compact material in 6" to 8" layers, watered to optimum moisture content, to 95% maximum dry density. 3. Fill shall be placed under direct supervision of a Geotechnical Engineer. Fill placed without the presence of the Geotechnical Engineer shall be removed and refilled under his supervision. 4. Place wall footings directly on undisturbed native soil subgrade exposed by excavation. C. Underslab Utilities: Surround underslab piping and conduit with 6 inches of sand or granular bedding material, compacted to 95% maximum dry density. 3.5 UNDERDRAINS A. Set drains in crushed stone bedding surrounding pipe, with perforations on the bottom half of the pipe. Slope pipe uniformly to drain. Fully wrap stone bedding with geotextile fabric. Compact to 95% maximum density around pipe. END OF SECTION