HomeMy WebLinkAbout321314 exposed aggregate concrete paving.pdf Giant Eagle Market #6550 The Bridges, Carmel, Indiana
Building Shell Bid & Permit
DLA Project 2014040.00
August 12, 2014
EXPOSED AGGREGATE CONCRETE PAVING 321314 - 1
SECTION 321314 - EXPOSED AGGREGATE CONCRETE PAVING
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes exterior cement concrete pavement for the walkways.
1.2 DEFINITIONS
A. Cementitious Materials: Portland cement alone or in combination with one or more of blended
hydraulic cement, expansive hydraulic cement, fly ash and other pozzolans, ground granulated
blast-furnace slag, and silica fume.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. Product Data: For each type of manufactured material and product indicated.
B. Design Mixes: For each concrete pavement mix. Include alternate mix designs when
characteristics of materials, project conditions, weather, test results, or other circumstances
warrant adjustments.
C. Samples: 1-lb sample of exposed aggregate.
D. Material Certificates: Signed by manufacturers certifying that each of the following materials
complies with requirements:
1. Cementitious materials and aggregates.
2. Steel reinforcement and reinforcement accessories.
3. Fiber reinforcement.
4. Admixtures.
5. Curing compounds.
6. Applied finish materials.
7. Bonding agent or adhesive.
8. Joint fillers.
1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE
A. Installer Qualifications: An experienced installer who has completed pavement work similar in
material, design, and extent to that indicated for this Project and whose work has resulted in
construction with a record of successful in-service performance.
B. Manufacturer Qualifications: Manufacturer of ready-mixed concrete products complying with
ASTM C 94 requirements for production facilities and equipment.
Giant Eagle Market #6550 The Bridges, Carmel, Indiana
Building Shell Bid & Permit
DLA Project 2014040.00
August 12, 2014
EXPOSED AGGREGATE CONCRETE PAVING 321314 - 2
C. Testing Agency Qualifications: An independent testing agency, acceptable to authorities having
jurisdiction, qualified according to ASTM C 1077 and ASTM E 329 to conduct the testing
indicated, as documented according to ASTM E 548.
D. Source Limitations: Obtain each type or class of cementitious material of the same brand from
the same manufacturer's plant and each aggregate from one source.
E. ACI Publications: Comply with ACI 301, "Specification for Structural Concrete," unless
modified by the requirements of the Contract Documents.
F. Concrete Testing Service: Engage a qualified independent testing agency to perform material
evaluation tests and to design concrete mixes.
1.5 PROJECT CONDITIONS
A. Traffic Control: Maintain access for vehicular and pedestrian traffic as required for other
construction activities.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 FORMS
A. Form Materials: Plywood, metal, metal-framed plywood, or other approved panel-type
materials to provide full-depth, continuous, straight, smooth exposed surfaces.
B. Use flexible or curved forms for curves of a radius 100 feet or less.
C. Form-Release Agent: Commercially formulated form-release agent that will not bond with,
stain, or adversely affect concrete surfaces and will not impair subsequent treatments of
concrete surfaces.
2.2 STEEL REINFORCEMENT
A. Plain-Steel Welded Wire Fabric: ASTM A 185, fabricated from as-drawn steel wire into flat
sheets.
B. Reinforcement Bars: ASTM A 615/A 615M, Grade 60, deformed.
C. Steel Bar Mats: ASTM A 184/A 184M; with ASTM A 615/A 615M, Grade 60, deformed bars;
assembled with clips.
D. Joint Dowel Bars: Plain steel bars, ASTM A 615/A 615M, Grade 60. Cut bars true to length
with ends square and free of burrs.
Giant Eagle Market #6550 The Bridges, Carmel, Indiana
Building Shell Bid & Permit
DLA Project 2014040.00
August 12, 2014
EXPOSED AGGREGATE CONCRETE PAVING 321314 - 3
E. Hook Bolts: ASTM A 307, Grade A, internally and externally threaded. Design hook-bolt joint
assembly to hold coupling against pavement form and in position during concreting operations,
and to permit removal without damage to concrete or hook bolt.
F. Bar Supports: Bolsters, chairs, spacers, and other devices for spacing, supporting, and fastening
reinforcement bars, welded wire fabric, and dowels in place. Manufacture bar supports
according to CRSI's "Manual of Standard Practice" from steel wire, plastic, or precast concrete
or fiber-reinforced concrete of greater compressive strength than concrete, and as follows:
2.3 CONCRETE MATERIALS
A. General: Use the same brand and type of cementitious material from the same manufacturer
throughout the Project.
B. Portland Cement: ASTM C 150, Type I or II.
C. Exposed Aggregate: Selected, hard, and durable; washed; free of material that reacts with
cementitious material or causes staining; from a single source, with gap graded coarse aggregate
as follows:
1. Washed, whole “shot” gravel, 1/8” to 3/8” inch nominal with 50% over 1/4”.
2. Color: dark to medium gray range, as approved by Architect.
3. Water: ASTM C 94.
2.4 ADMIXTURES
A. General: Admixtures certified by manufacturer to contain not more than 0.1 percent water-
soluble chloride ions by mass of cement and to be compatible with other admixtures.
B. Air-Entraining Admixture: ASTM C 260.
C. Water-Reducing Admixture: ASTM C 494, Type A.
2.5 CURING MATERIALS
A. Moisture-Retaining Cover: ASTM C 171, polyethylene film or white burlap-polyethylene
sheet.
B. Water: Potable.
2.6 RELATED MATERIALS
A. Expansion- and Isolation-Joint-Filler Strips: ASTM D 1751, asphalt-saturated cellulosic fiber,
or ASTM D 1752, cork or self-expanding cork.
Giant Eagle Market #6550 The Bridges, Carmel, Indiana
Building Shell Bid & Permit
DLA Project 2014040.00
August 12, 2014
EXPOSED AGGREGATE CONCRETE PAVING 321314 - 4
B. Bonding Agent: ASTM C 1059, Type II, non-redispersible, acrylic emulsion or styrene
butadiene.
C. Chemical Surface Retarder: Water-soluble, liquid set retarder with color dye, for horizontal
concrete surface application, capable of temporarily delaying final hardening of concrete to a
depth of 1/8 to 1/4 inch.
D. Products: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide one of the following:
1. Chemical Surface Retarder:
a. True Etch Surface Retarder; Burke Group, LLC (The).
b. Exposee; ChemMasters.
c. Delay S; Conspec Marketing & Manufacturing Co., Inc.
d. Concrete Surface Retarders; Euclid Chemical Co.
e. Expose; Kaufman Products, Inc.
f. Surftard; Metalcrete Industries.
g. Crete-Nox TA; Nox-Crete Products Group, Kinsman Corporation.
h. Lithotex; L. M. Scofield Co.
i. Rugasol-S; Sika Corporation.
j. Certi-Vex Envioset; Vexcon Chemicals, Inc.
2.7 CONCRETE MIXES
A. Prepare design mixes, proportioned according to ACI 211.1 and ACI 301, for each type and
strength of normal-weight concrete determined by either laboratory trial mixes or field
experience.
B. Use a qualified independent testing agency for preparing and reporting proposed mix designs
for the trial batch method.
1. Do not use Owner's field quality-control testing agency as the independent testing
agency.
C. Proportion mixes to provide concrete with the following properties:
1. Compressive Strength (28 Days): 4000 psi.
2. Maximum Water-Cementitious Materials Ratio: 0.44.
3. Slump Limit: 4 inches.
D. Cementitious Materials: Limit percentage, by weight, of cementitious materials other than
portland cement according to ACI 301 requirements for concrete exposed to deicing chemicals.
E. Add air-entraining admixture at manufacturer's prescribed rate to result in concrete at point of
placement having an air content as follows within a tolerance of plus or minus 1.5 percent:
F. Air Content: 6.0 percent for 3/4-inch maximum aggregate.
2.8 CONCRETE MIXING
A. Ready-Mixed Concrete: Comply with requirements and with ASTM C 94.
Giant Eagle Market #6550 The Bridges, Carmel, Indiana
Building Shell Bid & Permit
DLA Project 2014040.00
August 12, 2014
EXPOSED AGGREGATE CONCRETE PAVING 321314 - 5
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 PREPARATION
A. Proof-roll prepared subbase surface to check for unstable areas and verify need for additional
compaction. Proceed with pavement only after nonconforming conditions have been corrected
and subgrade is ready to receive pavement.
B. Remove loose material from compacted subbase surface immediately before placing concrete.
3.2 EDGE FORMS AND SCREED CONSTRUCTION
A. Set, brace, and secure edge forms, bulkheads, and intermediate screed guides for pavement to
required lines, grades, and elevations. Install forms to allow continuous progress of work and
so forms can remain in place at least 24 hours after concrete placement.
B. Clean forms after each use and coat with form release agent to ensure separation from concrete
without damage.
3.3 STEEL REINFORCEMENT
A. General: Comply with CRSI's "Manual of Standard Practice" for fabricating reinforcement and
with recommendations in CRSI's "Placing Reinforcing Bars" for placing and supporting
reinforcement.
B. Clean reinforcement of loose rust and mill scale, earth, ice, or other bond-reducing materials.
C. Arrange, space, and securely tie bars and bar supports to hold reinforcement in position during
concrete placement. Maintain minimum cover to reinforcement.
D. Install welded wire fabric in lengths as long as practicable. Lap adjoining pieces at least one
full mesh, and lace splices with wire. Offset laps of adjoining widths to prevent continuous laps
in either direction.
E. Install fabricated bar mats in lengths as long as practicable. Handle units to keep them flat and
free of distortions. Straighten bends, kinks, and other irregularities, or replace units as required
before placement. Set mats for a minimum 2-inch overlap to adjacent mats.
3.4 JOINTS
A. General: Construct construction, isolation, and contraction joints and tool edgings true to line
with faces perpendicular to surface plane of concrete. Construct transverse joints at right angles
to centerline, unless otherwise indicated.
1. When joining existing pavement, place transverse joints to align with previously placed
joints, unless otherwise indicated.
Giant Eagle Market #6550 The Bridges, Carmel, Indiana
Building Shell Bid & Permit
DLA Project 2014040.00
August 12, 2014
EXPOSED AGGREGATE CONCRETE PAVING 321314 - 6
B. Construction Joints: Set construction joints at side and end terminations of pavement and at
locations where pavement operations are stopped for more than one-half hour, unless pavement
terminates at isolation joints.
1. Continue reinforcement across construction joints, unless otherwise indicated. Do not
continue reinforcement through sides of pavement strips, unless otherwise indicated.
2. Provide tie bars at sides of pavement strips where indicated.
3. Use a bonding agent at locations where fresh concrete is placed against hardened or
partially hardened concrete surfaces.
C. Isolation Joints: Form isolation joints of preformed joint-filler strips abutting concrete curbs,
catch basins, manholes, inlets, structures, walks, other fixed objects, and where indicated.
1. Locate expansion joints at intervals of 50 feet, unless otherwise indicated.
2. Extend joint fillers full width and depth of joint.
3. Terminate joint filler less than 1/2 inch or more than 1 inch below finished surface if joint
sealant is indicated.
4. Place top of joint filler flush with finished concrete surface if joint sealant is not
indicated.
5. Furnish joint fillers in one-piece lengths. Where more than one length is required, lace or
clip joint-filler sections together.
6. Protect top edge of joint filler during concrete placement with metal, plastic, or other
temporary preformed cap. Remove protective cap after concrete has been placed on both
sides of joint.
D. Install dowel bars and support assemblies at joints where indicated. Lubricate or asphalt-coat
one-half of dowel length to prevent concrete bonding to one side of joint.
E. Contraction Joints: Form weakened-plane contraction joints, sectioning concrete into areas as
indicated. Construct contraction joints for a depth equal to at least one-fourth of the concrete
thickness, as follows:
F. Grooved Joints: Form contraction joints after initial floating by grooving and finishing each
edge of joint with groover tool to the following radius. Repeat grooving of contraction joints
after applying surface finishes. Eliminate groover marks on concrete surfaces.
1. Radius: 1/4 inch.
G. Sawed Joints: Form contraction joints with power saws equipped with shatterproof abrasive or
diamond-rimmed blades. Cut 1/8-inch wide joints into concrete when cutting action will not
tear, abrade, or otherwise damage surface and before developing random contraction cracks.
H. Edging: Tool edges of pavement, gutters, curbs, and joints in concrete after initial floating with
an edging tool to the following radius. Repeat tooling of edges after applying surface finishes.
Eliminate tool marks on concrete surfaces.
1. Radius: 1/4 inch.
3.5 CONCRETE PLACEMENT
Giant Eagle Market #6550 The Bridges, Carmel, Indiana
Building Shell Bid & Permit
DLA Project 2014040.00
August 12, 2014
EXPOSED AGGREGATE CONCRETE PAVING 321314 - 7
A. Inspection: Before placing concrete, inspect and complete formwork installation, reinforcement
steel, and items to be embedded or cast in. Notify other trades to permit installation of their
work.
B. Remove snow, ice, or frost from subbase surface and reinforcement before placing concrete.
Do not place concrete on frozen surfaces.
C. Moisten subbase to provide a uniform dampened condition at the time concrete is placed. Do
not place concrete around manholes or other structures until they are at the required finish
elevation and alignment.
D. Comply with requirements and with recommendations in ACI 304R for measuring, mixing,
transporting, and placing concrete.
E. Do not add water to concrete during delivery, at Project site, or during placement.
F. Deposit and spread concrete in a continuous operation between transverse joints. Do not push
or drag concrete into place or use vibrators to move concrete into place.
G. Consolidate concrete by mechanical vibrating equipment supplemented by hand-spading,
rodding, or tamping. Use equipment and procedures to consolidate concrete according to
recommendations in ACI 309R.
1. Consolidate concrete along face of forms and adjacent to transverse joints with an
internal vibrator. Keep vibrator away from joint assemblies, reinforcement, or side
forms. Use only square-faced shovels for hand-spreading and consolidation. Consolidate
with care to prevent dislocating reinforcement, dowels, and joint devices.
H. Place concrete in two operations; strike off initial pour for entire width of placement and to the
required depth below finish surface. Lay welded wire fabric or fabricated bar mats immediately
in final position. Place top layer of concrete, strike off, and screed.
1. Remove and replace portions of bottom layer of concrete that have been placed more than
15 minutes without being covered by top layer, or use bonding agent if approved by
Landscape Architect.
I. Screed pavement surfaces with a straightedge and strike off. Commence initial floating using
bull floats or darbies to form an open textured and uniform surface plane before excess moisture
or bleed water appears on the surface. Do not further disturb concrete surfaces before beginning
finishing operations or spreading dry-shake surface treatments.
J. When adjoining pavement lanes are placed in separate pours, do not operate equipment on
concrete until pavement has attained 85 percent of its 28-day compressive strength.
K. Cold-Weather Placement: Comply with ACI 306.1 and as follows. Protect concrete work from
physical damage or reduced strength that could be caused by frost, freezing actions, or low
temperatures.
1. When air temperature has fallen to or is expected to fall below 40 deg F, uniformly heat
water and aggregates before mixing to obtain a concrete mixture temperature of not less
than 50 deg F and not more than 80 deg F at point of placement.
2. Do not use frozen materials or materials containing ice or snow.
Giant Eagle Market #6550 The Bridges, Carmel, Indiana
Building Shell Bid & Permit
DLA Project 2014040.00
August 12, 2014
EXPOSED AGGREGATE CONCRETE PAVING 321314 - 8
3. Do not use calcium chloride, salt, or other materials containing antifreeze agents or
chemical accelerators, unless otherwise specified and approved in mix designs.
L. Hot-Weather Placement: Place concrete according to recommendations in ACI 305R and as
follows when hot-weather conditions exist:
1. Cool ingredients before mixing to maintain concrete temperature at time of placement
below 90 deg F. Chilled mixing water or chopped ice may be used to control
temperature, provided water equivalent of ice is calculated to total amount of mixing
water. Using liquid nitrogen to cool concrete is Contractor's option.
2. Cover reinforcement steel with water-soaked burlap so steel temperature will not exceed
ambient air temperature immediately before embedding in concrete.
3. Fog-spray forms, reinforcement steel, and subgrade just before placing concrete. Keep
subgrade moisture uniform without standing water, soft spots, or dry areas.
3.6 CONCRETE FINISHING
A. General: Wetting of concrete surfaces during screeding, initial floating, or finishing operations
is prohibited.
3.7 SPECIAL FINISHES
A. Monolithic Exposed Aggregate Finish: Expose coarse aggregate to pavement surfaces as
follows:
B. Immediately after floating, spray-apply chemical surface retarder to pavement according to
manufacturer's written instructions.
C. Cover with plastic sheeting, sealing laps with tape, and remove when ready to continue
finishing operations.
D. Without dislodging aggregate, remove excess mortar by lightly brushing surface with a stiff,
nylon bristle broom.
E. Fine-spray surface with water and brush. Repeat water flushing and brushing cycle until
cement film is removed from aggregate surfaces to depth required.
3.8 CONCRETE PROTECTION AND CURING
A. General: Protect freshly placed concrete from premature drying and excessive cold or hot
temperatures. Comply with ACI 306.1 for cold-weather protection and follow
recommendations in ACI 305R for hot-weather protection during curing.
B. Evaporation Retarder: Apply evaporation retarder to concrete surfaces if hot, dry, or windy
conditions cause moisture loss approaching 0.2 lb/sq. ft. x h before and during finishing
operations. Apply according to manufacturer's written instructions after placing, screeding, and
bull floating or darbying concrete, but before float finishing.
Giant Eagle Market #6550 The Bridges, Carmel, Indiana
Building Shell Bid & Permit
DLA Project 2014040.00
August 12, 2014
EXPOSED AGGREGATE CONCRETE PAVING 321314 - 9
C. Begin curing after finishing concrete, but not before free water has disappeared from concrete
surface.
D. Curing Methods: Cure concrete by moisture curing, moisture-retaining-cover curing, curing
compound, or a combination of these as follows:
E. Moisture Curing: Keep surfaces continuously moist for not less than seven days with the
following materials:
a. Water.
b. Continuous water-fog spray.
c. Absorptive cover, water saturated, and kept continuously wet. Cover concrete
surfaces and edges with 12-inch ap over adjacent absorptive covers.
2. Moisture-Retaining-Cover Curing: Cover concrete surfaces with moisture-retaining
cover for curing concrete, placed in widest practicable width, with sides and ends lapped
at least 12 inches, and sealed by waterproof tape or adhesive. Immediately repair any
holes or tears during curing period using cover material and waterproof tape.
3.9 PAVEMENT TOLERANCES
A. Comply with tolerances of ACI 117 and as follows:
1. Elevation: 1/4 inch.
2. Thickness: Plus 3/8 inch, minus 1/4 inch.
3. Surface: Gap below 10-foot-long, unleveled straightedge not to exceed 1/4 inch.
4. Lateral Alignment and Spacing of Tie Bars and Dowels: 1 inch.
5. Vertical Alignment of Tie Bars and Dowels: 1/4 inch.
6. Alignment of Tie-Bar End Relative to Line Perpendicular to Pavement Edge: 1/2 inch.
7. Alignment of Dowel-Bar End Relative to Line Perpendicular to Pavement Edge: Length
of dowel 1/4 inch per 12 inches.
8. Joint Spacing: 3 inches.
9. Contraction Joint Depth: Plus 1/4 inch, no minus.
10. Joint Width: Plus 1/8 inch, no minus.
3.10 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
A. Provide testing in accordance with Division 03 “Cast-in-Place” Concrete Section.
3.11 REPAIRS AND PROTECTION
A. Remove and replace concrete pavement that is broken, damaged, or defective, or does not meet
requirements in this Section.
B. Drill test cores where directed by Landscape Architect when necessary to determine magnitude
of cracks or defective areas. Fill drilled core holes in satisfactory pavement areas with portland
cement concrete bonded to pavement with epoxy adhesive.
Giant Eagle Market #6550 The Bridges, Carmel, Indiana
Building Shell Bid & Permit
DLA Project 2014040.00
August 12, 2014
EXPOSED AGGREGATE CONCRETE PAVING 321314 - 10
C. Protect concrete from damage. Exclude traffic from pavement for at least 14 days after
placement. When construction traffic is permitted, maintain pavement as clean as possible by
removing surface stains and spillage of materials as they occur.
D. Maintain concrete pavement free of stains, discoloration, dirt, and other foreign material.
Sweep concrete pavement not more than two days before date scheduled for Substantial
Completion inspections.
END OF SECTION 321314