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Home My WebLink AboutSoil and Water Inventory UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE P.O. Box 279 Noblesville, indiana November 16, 1971 Carmel elan Commission Myrneth Anderson, Chairman R. 2, P.O. Box 344 B Carmel, Indiana SUBJECT: Woodland Addition, 3ec. 3 Dear Board Members _ - Soils: The colored soils maps indicate the limitations based upon the landuse, that being residential development with sewers. The red is a severe limitation and this is because of soil conditions and not surface water. The (Br) Brookston soil is a poorly drained soi) and has a high water table. This soil especially has the ability to hold vast amounts of water close to the surface and this is what ceases damp walls, water in the crawl spaces and basements. Surface drainage alone will not cor- rect this condition. Internal drainage is necessary also. The green (MmB 2) Miami soil is yell drained. ;1gain this is a condition of the soil and not topography. water Manacrement: ----------a----- The preliminary plat doee not show any drainage at all whilesin fact, there is the open drain (part of Blue Woods Creek) that crosses this tract at the south end. This open ditch is the outlet drain for the lake. It is very important that this open ditch remain open because this bottom land will be necessary to take away the surface water. True, there is a mechanical spillway in the lake, but there is also an emergency spillway in case of a larger than normal rain. Theme rains do occur and oftener than we want to remember. The houses in the low lying area would be in trouble. No provision are Slow: on the plans for the drainage frca the south across 106th Street or on Chester Road. Both of these arecritical. The drain across 106th St. drains Glenwood addition and part of Jordon woods and Keystone Woods. In looking at tve plan, I cannot see how the private drive, houses, and open ditch can all be at the same place. Maybe Ken has pre.isions for doing this; however, the plans don't reflect it. Lt°142.2t21122.11 These plans with a complete drainage plan needs to be submitted to both the County Hiway and County Drainage Board. The County Highway will determine the size of pipes needed under 106th St. and also Chester tioad. The County Drainage Board reserves easement rights, etc. Both are important. ixesion " Theopen ditch needs reconstruction to meet Drainage Board requirements. Even thoagh this section may be a private drain, it still empties into a legal drain. The open ditch, following construction, should be seeded with 30 lb. fescue per acre and 5 lb. ryegrass per acre. \ Sincerely, , Tom Schellenberger / District Conservationist TS:bs cc: Schutz '.,c Thompson Bldg. Comm. Drainage Board County Highway This report is s.Ibmitted with the concurrence of the Hamilton County Soil & Water Conservation District. \ ,- SCS-CONS-228 Rev -ocS-cowS-c2on~ /-m CONSERVATION PLAN MAP (File Code cows 14) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE t!yilez-,--?z_z_16--,- ::_-,' •'-,.e.,--,--4--ti, Cons/rvation District a , , /,,,,rommate Photo No. County 4/ State / �i ^ / ^�.� �/ / � � � . .� � � VI^ �� '! L ' ' ) 00 rii( iigr'-. , 1 41 .12:-. eilLy,Ler-,722,1 """ i a 6'...?2.. 6:10 ,k:2-14.712(2a) .1-1,--/‘--16— d/A-1--4-4i2 --- P-e-A-3f,11---i- --Z--,/ -0t.2-42-1- 7_,_--Z , /-- -- gLeLdie,) I d/ IA.-,f,,-2 - 7,6-26,1 ,a_Z-fr..1 t, , , / ,1,,,_ azi-Lti, - ....de--722_4_,,,,----L-Z. ,fr-J24 ..d a z r_i--d e,--.4, & 122..g.-. ---- 7224e----772.1- J.,..li ..A.....„ _ 62-(t, ;pi/. . /, - _..g....4.4,-.1.ai ., irn-et---11.4_4_,t4 .I.2.4-i e- &-o---1-Lei-, ./.20-ell_ /11_422,-,-2-41.-1, . SCS-228 08-861 CONSERVATION PLAN MAP Ma"" UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE '...... cooperating with OUR SOIL *//OUR STRENGTH Conservation District Owner �c kir 1%lo y)_to,2 /deoc f/4'40/4- J< , Plan No. Date )//71 Operator Scale Acres Approximate County Photo No. State • r (1 �Y 1 ( ' VN ts/ \ \\Li \ ,0 - ' tt / „,,,,,Is cieveis. y•.. i .2-\C.. N.\\ \‘, ^ s` .._.___— dimer if —41---- rr (..-,3at+.0.-2 ` Ce . USE AND EXPLANATION OF SOIL INTERPRETATION SHEETS - INDIANA April 1968 The interpretation sheet(s) provide information on the interpretations of soils for cropland, pasture, and woodland; wildlife; recreation; estimated physical and chemical properties; engineering properties; and some urban uses. Some interpretations are expressed in terms of the degree of limitation. Slight, moderate, severe, or very severe are the four degrees of limitations used and are defined as follows: Slight- relatively free of limitations or limitations are easily overcome. Moderate- limitations need to be recognized, but can be overcome with good management and careful design. Severe- limitations are severe enough to make use questionable. Very Severe- extreme measures are needed to overcome the limitations and usage generally is unsound or not practical. THE INTERPRETATIONS WILL NOT ELIMINATE THE NEED FOR ON-SITE STUDY, TESTING, AND PLANNING OF SPECIFIC SITES FOR THE USE AND DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION FOR SPECIFIC USES. THE INTERPRETATIONS CAN BE USED AS A GUIDE TO PLANNING MORE DETAILED INVESTIGATIONS AND FOR AVOIDING UNDESIRABLE SITES FOR AN INTENDED USE. BY USING THE SOIL MAP AND INTERPRETATIONS, IT IS POSSIBLE TO SELECT SITES THAT HAVE THE LEAST LIMITATIONS FOR AN INTENDED USE. MANY SOMEWHAT POORLY AND POORLY DRAINED SOILS HAVE SEVERE OR VERY SEVERE LIMITATIONS IN THEIR NATURAL CONDITION FOR SOME LAND USES. THESE SAME SOILS, WHEN DRAINED ARTIFICIALLY, MAY HAVE ONLY A SLIGHT LIMITATION FOR THESE SAME LAND USES. MODERN EQUIPMENT AND KNOWLEDGE MAKE IT POSSIBLE TO OVERCOME MOST OF THE LIMITATIONS OF SOILS FOR MANY LAND USES. THE DEGREE OF LIMITATION AND THE LOCATION OF THE SOIL WILL HELP DETERMINE THE PRACTICABILITY OF DEVELOPING THE SOIL FOR THE INTENDED USE. NO CONSIDERATION WAS GIVEN IN THESE INTERPRETATIONS TO THE SIZE AND SHAPE OF SOIL AREAS, NOR TO THE PATTERN THEY FORM WITH OTHER SOILS ON THE LANDSCAPE. FOR EXAMPLE, SOME VERY DESIRABLE SOIL AREAS ARE TOO SMALL IN SIZE OR TOO IRREGULAR IN SHAPE, OR THEIR OCCURRENCE WITH LESS DESIRABLE SOILS FORMS A PATTERN TOO COMPLEX TO BE UTILIZED FOR THE INTENDED USE. ALTHOUGH NOT CONSIDERED IN THE INTERPRETATIONS, THESE ITEMS SHOULD INFLUENCE THE FINAL SELECTION OF A SITE. WHEN THE INTERPRETATION SHEETS ARE USED IN CONNECTION WITH DELINEATED SOIL AREAS ON SOIL MAPS, THE INFORMATION PERTAINS TO THE DOMINANT SOIL FOR WHICH THE SOIL AREA IS NAMED. OTHER SOILS, TOO SMALL IN EXTENT TO MAP OUT, MAY OCCUR WITHIN THE SOIL MAP AREA. THE INTERPRETATIONS ORDINARILY DO NOT APPLY TO THE INCLUDED SOILS. MORE DETAILED STUDIES ARE REQUIRED IF SMALL, SPECIFIC SITES ARE TO BE DEVELOPED OR USED WITHIN A GIVEN SOIL AREA. FOR EXAMPLE, A SOIL MAP AREA BEARING THE NAME MIAMI SILT LOAM, 2 TO 6 PERCENT SLOPES, ALSO CAN INCLUDE SMALL UNMAPPABLE AREAS OF OTHER SOILS, SUCH AS CROSBY AND BROOKSTON. THE INTERPRETATIONS APPLY ONLY TO THE MIAMI PART OF THE DELINEATED SOIL AREA, AND NOT TO THE ENTIRE SOIL AREA. EXPLANATION OF THE INTERPRETATIONS IN SEQUENCE AS ARRANGED ON THE INTERPRETATION SHEET(S) Brief Soil Description- a brief description of the soil series is provided to define it in general terms. Cropland- listed are the major kinds of general and for some soils, a few speciality crops that are suited. Properties of the soil, such as erosion hazard, wetness limitation, climate, slope and general fertility are items considered in theevaluation of the soil. Pasture- listed are the major kinds of legumes and grasses that are suited. Properties of the soil such as erosion hazard, wetness limitation, climate, slope, and general fertility are items considered in the evaluation of the soil. Woodland- listed are the major kinds of wood crops that are suited. Available water capacity, depth to root restricting layers, and natural drainage are major factors in determining the limitation of the soil. Land Capability Unit- indicates the degree of the hazard or limitation from Class I to VIII for the use of the soil for agriculture and the nature of soil limitation; e - erosion; s - root zone limitations; w - wetness. Yield Predictions- given in terms of "A" or average level of management and "B" or high level of management. The two levels of management are defined as follows: "A" (average)- average management includes the use of limestone and fertilizers, but soil reaction and available nutrients are often inadequate or not properly balanced for best crop yields. Some erosion control and drainage improvements have been made, but more are commonly needed. Cropping systems, plant populations, organic matter supplies, and soil physical conditions may be below levels needed for optimum crop yields. Cultural practices, such as tillage, use of good adapted seed, and control of weeds, diseases, and harmful insects may not be adequate. More attention should be given to timely application and the proper combination of improved practices. "B" (high)- high level management includes the application of effective practices adapted to different crops, soils, and climatic conditions. Such practices include providing for adequate drainage, protection from flooding, erosion and runoff control, optimum tillage, and planting the correct kind and amount of high quality seed. Control of weeds, diseases and harmful insects are other important considerations. Favorable soil reaction and optimum levels of available phosphorus and potassium need to be maintained for various crops by applying these fertilizers according to soil tests. High level management also includes efficient use of crop residues, barnyard manure and/or green manure crops. Cropping systems designed to control erosion, maintain optimum soil organic matter levels, and facilitate the production and utilization of nitrogen in soils are also important. The yield information, updated through 1967, is based on the North Central Regional Research Publication 166, titled "Productivity of Soils in the North Central Region of the U. S." • LIMITATIONS FOR WILDLIFE -2- Openland Wildlife- includes birds and mammals that normally frequent cropland, pasture, meadows, and areas overgrown with grasses, herbs, and shrubby growth. Examples of this kind of wildlife are: quail, pheasants, meadowlarks, cotton tail rabbits and fox. Habitat elements evaluated in terms of the degree of limitations are: (a) grain and seed crops; (b) grasses and legumes: (c) wild herbaceous upland plants; (d) hardwood woody plants. Woodland Wildlife- includes birds and mammals that normally frequent wooded areas of hardwood trees and shrubs, coniferous trees and shrubs, or mixtures of such plants. Examples of this kind of wildlife are ruffed grouse, woodcocks, gray and red squirrels and white tail deer. Habitat elements evaluated in terms of the degree of limitations are: (a) grasses and legumes; (b) wild herbaceous upland plants; (c) hardwood woody plants; (d) coniferous woody plants. Wetland Wildlife- includes birds and mammals that normally frequent wet areas as ponds, streams or ditches, marshes and swamps. Examples of this kind of wildlife include ducks, rails, herons, mink and raccoon. Habitat elements evaluated in terms of the degree of limitations are: (a) wetland food and cover plants; (b) shallow water developments; (c) excavated ponds; (d) grain and seed crops. LIMITATIONS FOR RECREATION Cottages and Utility Buildings- these ratings apply to seasonal or year-round cottages, washrooms and bathrooms, picnic shelters and service buildings. Factors considered are: wetness and flood hazard, slope, rockiness and stoniness and depth to hard bedrock. Additional items that must be considered are: suitability for septic tank filter fields, shrink-swell and frost potential, hillside slippage, presence of loose sand, and bearing capacity. Suitability of soil for supporting vegetation and whether basements and underground utilities are planned should be considered in the final evaluation. Tent and Camp Trailer Sites- These are areas suitable for tent and camp trailer sites and the accompanying activities for outdoor living. They are used frequently during the camping season. These areas require little site preparation. They should be suitable for unsurfaced parking for car and camp trailers and heavy foot traffic by humans, horses and vehicular traffic. Factors considered are: wetness and flooding hazard, permeability, slope, surface soil texture, coarse fragments and stoniness or rockiness. Suitability of soil for supporting vegetation should be considered in the final evaluation. Picnic Areas, Parks and Extensive Play Areas- these are areas suitable for heavy foot traffic and used by people for the consumption of food in a natural outdoor environment. Ratings are based on: wetness and flooding hazard, slope, surface soil texture, stoniness and rockiness. Ratings do not include features as presence of trees or ponds which may affect the desirability of a site. Suitability of soil for supporting vegetation should be considered in the final evaluation. Playgrounds, Athletic Fields and Intensive Play Areas- these areas are developed for playgrounds and organized games such as baseball, football, tennis, badminton and the like. They are subject to heavy foot traffic and generally require a level surface, good drainage and a soil texture and consistence that gives a firm surface. It is assumed that good vegetative cover can be established and maintained on areas where needed. Bridle Paths, Nature and Hiking Trails- this soil rating applies to areas that are to be used for trails, cross-country hiking, bridle paths and other intensive uses which allow for the movement of people. It is assumed that these areas are to be used as they occur in nature and that little soil will be moved in providing this recreational use. The most desirable soils from a physical standpoint for bridle paths, nature and hiking trails have good foot and hoof trafficability. They are well drained, loam in texture, and have nearly level to sloping surfaces. They have good stability, are not subject to erosion or cutting out, and are free of coarse fragments and stones or rock outcrops. Consideration should be given to placement of paths and trails on sloping relief on the contour to help control erosion. Variability in slope gradient on paths and trails may serve to enhance interest but slopes should not exceed 12 percent for prolonged distances. Golf Course Fairways- in evaluating soils for use in golf courses, consideration was given only to those features of the soil that influence their use for fairways. Greens, traps, hazards, and tees are man-made, generally from disturbed, transported soil material. For best use, fairways should be well drained and firm, be free of flooding during use periods, have good trafficability, contain a minimum of coarse fragments or stones, and have gently undulating slopes. They should be capable of supporting a good turf and be well suited for growing many kinds of trees and shrubs. Loam soils are best, but coarser textured soils serve equally well if irrigated. Poorly drained mineral and organic soils have severe limitations but they may be used for pond sites to provide esthetic value or for storing water for turf maintenance. Sandy soils likewise may be designed for hazards or used as a source of sand for greens. ESTIMATED PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Classifications- the classifications refer respectively to the USDA, Unified and AASHO systems. The USDA system is based on the relative proportion of various size groups of individual soil grains in a mass of soil. This system refers to the proportion of sand, silt, and clay in a soil, giving rise to basic soil textural class names, such as sand, sandy loam, loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, etc. The Unified system is based on identification of soils according to their textural and plasticity qualities and their grouping with respect to their performance as engineering construction materials. Percentage of gravel, sand and fines, grain-size distribution, plasticity and compressibility characteristics form the basis of identification. The American Association of State Highway Officials (AASHO) system of classifying soils is an engineering property classification. It is based on field performance of highways. According to this system, soils having about the same general load-carrying capacity and service properties are grouped to form seven basic groups. These groups are designated as A-1, A-2, A-3, A-Li, A-5, A-6 and A-7. In general, the best soils for highway subgrades are classified as A-1, the next best are A-2, and so on with the poorest being A-7. -3- % of Material Passing Sieve- the measured or estimated percentages of material passing the numbers 10, 40, and 200 sieves are given for each major horizon. When there is very little gravel-size material (No. 10 sieve) present, the percent passing the 200 sieve approximates the amount of silt and clay. Values are rounded off to the nearest 5 percent. A range is listed because of the variability for a given soil. Permeability- values listed are estimates of the range in rate and time it takes for downward movement of water in the major soil layers when saturated, but allowed to drain freely. The estimates are based on soil texture, soil structure, available data on permeability and infiltration tests, and observation of water movement through soils. Available Water Capacity- the available water capacity is given in inches per inch of soil for the major horizons. Available water capacity of the soil is the difference between percentage of moisture at field capacity and percentage of moisture at the wilting point. Soil Reaction- soil reaction or the intensity of soil acidity or alkalinity is expressed in values indicate acidity and higher values show alkalinity. pH. A PH of 7 is neutral, lower Shrink-Swell Potential- indicates the volume change to be expected of the soil material with changes in moisture content. INTERPRETATIONS OF ENGINEERING PROPERTIES Topsoil- the surface and subsoil horizons are rated as to their suitability for topsoil. "Topsoil" as used here refers to soil material, preferably rich in organic matter that is used to topdress back slopes, embankments lawns,evaluation uses texture and organic matter content as a basis . gardens, etc. The for determining the suitability. Usually, only the surface layers of a soil are used. However, in an area dominated with sandy soils, loamy material is in great demand. Therefore, an isolated area of medium textured soil might be stripped of not only the surface layer but also the subsoil layers. It should be recognized that nutrients and structural deficiencies in the subsoil material will need to be corrected. Sand and Gravel- suitability as a source of sand and gravel is given for material to a depth of 5 feet. In some soils, the sand and gravel extends downward to depths much below 5 feet, whereas in other areas of the same soil, unsuitable material occurs just below 5 feet. It also should be recognized that some soils which are rated as not suitable may have sand and gravel at a depth below 5 feet. Where the suitability is in question, individual test pits will be needed. Road Subgrade and Highway Fills- suitability ratings for road fill for highway subgrade are based on performance of the soil material when excavated and used as barrow for subgrade. Both the subsoil and substratum are rated when they are contrasting in character and have significant thickness for use as barrow. The ratings given here also can be used for undisturbed soils if adjustments are made for features such as depth to water table, or bedrock, etc. Highway Location- the soil features considered here are those that affect the overall performance of the soil for the location of highways. The entire soil profile is evaluated, based on an undisturbed soil without arti''_cia'- ,,-,inage. The factors considered are: texture, presence of and thickness of peat or muck, depth to bedrock, presence of stones and boulders, depth to water table, stability of back slopes, susceptibility to frost heave, flooding hazard, need for cuts and fills, suitability for subgrade, and plasticity of the material. Foundations for Buildings- the factors considered are those features and qualities of undisturbed soils that affect their suitability for supporting foundations of buildings up to 3 stories high. It is the substratum of the soil that usually provides the base for foundations and therefore is the soil material which is evaluated in this column. It is desirable that the foundation be located, if possible, below the depth to which frost may cause heaving. The suitability of the natural soil is dependent primarily on such factors as shrink-swell potential, shear strength, and compressibility of the soil. Pond Reservoir Areas- the factors considered here are those features and qualities of undisturbed soils that affect their suitability for water impoundments or reservoirs. Of primary concern are factors that affect the seepage rate. Such factors are permeability, depth to water table, depth to bedrock, or other unfavorable material that will allow seepage. Dams, Dikes, Levees or Embankments- the factors considered here are those properties and qualities of disturbed soils that affect their suitability for constructing pond embankments, dikes and levees. Both the subsoil and substratum are evaluated where they are contrasting in character and have sufficient thickness for use as barrow. Some of the soil features that affect construction are: stability, compaction characteristics, susceptibility to piping, shrink-swell potential, shear strength, erosiveness, and compacted permeability. Waterways- the factors considered in the evaluation are stability of soil material, texture and depth of soil material, natural drainage, presence of stones, percent of slope, and difficulty of establishing and maintaining vegetation. Agricultural Drainage- this column lists the factors that affect agricultural drainage. Some of these factors are permeability, depth to layers such as fragipan, claypan, sand, etc., topography, flooding or stream overflow, and corrosion potential. Terraces and Diversions- the suitability of soils for terraces and diversions depends mainly on stability, texture and thickness of soil material, difficulty of establishing and maintaining vegetation, and topography. LIMITATIONS FOR SOME URBAN USES Residential Development with Public Sewer- the ratings apply to the use of soils for residences of 3 stories or less with basements. Factors considered in making the ratings are wetness hazard, flooding hazard,-slope, limitations for foundations, depth to bedrock, erosion hazard, and limitations for lawns, shrubs, and trees. Residential Development without Public Sewer- the factors considered are the characteristics and qualities of the soil that affect the suitability for absorbing waste from domestic sewage disposal systems. The major features considered are soil permeability, percolation rate, ground water level, depth to bedrock, flooding hazards, and slope. Buildings for Light Industrial, Commercial and Public Use- the factors considered are those features and qualities of undisturbed soils that affect their suitability for supporting foundations of buildings up to 3 stories high. It is the subsoil and substratum of the soil that usually provides the base for foundations and therefore is the soil material which is evaluated. USDA-SCS•LINCOLN.NE61.1966 5, L-25790 Map Symbols BROOKSTON INDIANA Date 1/68 Soil Series SOIL INTERPRETATIONS IN-226-A 5/18/67 BRIEF SOIL DESCRIPTION: The Brookston series consists of deep, poorly drained soils that have a moderately fine textured surface layer and subsoil. They developed in glacial till and occupy nearly level flats and depressions in the uplands. The native vegetation was mainly water-tolerant grasses and hardwood trees. Brookston soils are high in organic matter and have a high available moisture capacity. They have slow permeability and runoff is very slow or ponded. INTERPRETATIONS FOR CROPLAND, PASTURE, AND WOODLAND Cropland - general and speciality farm crops Well suited for growing corn, soybeans, small grain and grasses and legumes when drained. Pasture Suited for growing alfalfa, alsike clover, ladino clover, red clover, brome grass and orchard grass. Selection of legume depends on completeness of drainage. Woodland Important wood crop: wetland oak. Well suited for growing: wetland oak, red maple, white ash. Land capability unit and yield predictions: Slope Capability Corn-bu. Soybeans-bu. Wheat-bu. Oats-bu.BLegume-Grass (hay) Pasture (AUM) Class Eros. unit A B A B A B A A B tons A B A 0 IIw 80 125 30 45 35 50 6o 90 3.0 5.5 S.o 10.5 LIMITATIONS FOR WILDLIFE 1/ Openland wildlife SEVERE - poorly drained; limitation - very severe for growing grain and seed crops; severe for grasses and legumes and wild herbaceous upland plants; slight for hardwood woody plants. Woodland wildlife SLIGHT Wetland wildlife SLIGHT LIMITATIONS FOR RECREATION 1/ Cottages and SEVERE - poorly drained; high water table: subject to ponding. utility buildings Tent and camp SEVERE - poorly drained; subjectponding. trailer sites to Picnic areas, parks and extensive play areas SEVERE - poorly drained; subject to ponding. Playground, athletic field and intensive SEVERE - poorly drained; subject to ponding. play areas Bridle paths, nature SEVERE - poorly drained; high water table. and hiking trails Golf course fairways SEVERE - poorly drained; high water table. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE in cooperation with National Cooperative Soil Survey-USA PURDUE UNIVERSITY AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION 5,L-25790—A • • BROOKSTON SERIES IN-226-8 5/18/67 ESTIMATED PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES g of material Available Classification passing sieve Permeability water Soil Shrink- No. 10 No. 140 No. 200 inches capacity reaction swell USDA Texture Unified AASHO 2.0 mm. .42 mm. 0.074 . per hour in./in. pH potential Surface layer 0 to 12 inches; CL or CH A-7 100 90-100 80-90 0.20 - 0.63 0.19-0.21 6.6-7.3 Moderate silty clay loam Subsoil 12 to 42 inches; CL or CH A-7 100 90-100 75-90 0.06 - 0.20 0.19-0.21 6.6-7.3 Moderate silty clay loam and clay loam Underlying material 42 to 60 inches; ML or CL A-4or100 75-85 55-70 0.20 - 0.63 0.17-0.20 Calcareous Low loam INTERPRETATIONS OF ENGINEERING PROPERTIES Suitability as a source of: Surface: fair - clayey. Topsoil Subsoil: poor - clayey: high water table. Sand and gravel Not suitable. Road subgrade and Subsoil and substratum: fair to poor - moderate to low shrink-swell; fair to poor shear strength and highway fills compaction; subject to frost heave; fair to poor stability; high water table. Soil features affecting use for: Highway location High water table; subject to frost heave; clayey material. Foundations for Poorly drained; subject to ponding; high water table; fair to poor shear strength; medium to high low buildings compressibility. Pond reservoir High water table; moderate to slow seepage. areas Subsoil and substratum: fair to poor stability and compaction; low permeability when compacted; Dams, dikes, levees medium to high compressibility; good resistance to piping: low to moderate shrink-swell; fair to and embankments poor shear strength. Waterways Generally not needed, level and depressional. Agricultural High water table; slow permeability; level to depressional. drainage Terraces and Not needed, level and depressional. diversions LIMITATIONS FOR SOME URBAN USFS 1/ Residential develop- ment with SEVERE - poorly drained; subject to ponding; high water table. public sewer Residential develop- SEVERE - high water table; subject to ponding; slow permeability. Estimated percolation rate slower ment without than 75 minutes/inch. public sewer Buildings for light industrial, commer- SEVERE - poorly drained; subject to ponding; high water table. cial and public use 1/ The soil is evaluated only to a depth of 5 feet or less. Soils are rated on the basis of four classes of soil limitations: Slight - relatively free of limitations or limitations are easily overcome; Moderate - limitations need to be recognized, but can be overcome with good management and careful design; Severe - limitations are severe enough to make use 111 questionable; Very Severe - extreme measures are needed to overcome the limitations and usage generally is unsound or not practical. 5,L-25790-8 Map Symbols CROSBY INDIANA Date 1/68 Soil Series SOIL INTERPRETATIONS IN-226-A 5/18/61 BRIEF SOIL DESCRIPTION : The Crosby series consists of deep, somewhat poorly drained soils that have a medium textured surface layer and moderately fine textured subsoil. They developed in glacial till on nearly level and gently sloping uplands. The native vegetation was mainly mixed hardwood trees. Crosby soils are medium or low in organic matter and have a high available moisture capacity. They have slow permeability and runoff is very slow or slow. INTERPRETATIONS FOR CROPLAND, PASTURE, AND WOODLAND Cropland - general and Well suited for growing corn, soybeans, small grain and grasses and legumes for hay and pasture speciality farm crops when drained. Pasture Suited for growing alfalfa, alsike clover, ladino clover, red clover, brome grass and orchard grass. Woodland Important wood crops: upland oak, tulip poplar. Well suited for planting: white pine, red maple, white oak. Land capability unit and yield predictions: Slope Capability Corn-bu. Soybeans-bu. Wheat-bu. Oats-bu. Legume-Grass (hay). Pasture (AUM) Class Eros. unit A B A B A B A B A B tons A B A 1 IIw 80 115 30 45 35 5o 55 85 3.0 5.5 5.o 10.5 B 1 & 2 IIe 80 115 3o 45 35 50 55 85 3.0 5.5 5.o 10.5 LIMITATIONS FCR WILDLIFE 1/ Openland wildlife SLIGHT Woodland wildlife MODERATE - somewhat poorly drained; limitations: moderate for grasses and legumes; slight for wild herbaceous upland plants and hardwood woody plants; severe for coniferous woody plants. MODERATE - 0 to 2 percent slopes; somewhat poorly drained; limitations: moderate for wetland food Wetland wildlife and cover plants, shallow water developments, ponds and for growing grain and seed crops. SEVERE - 2 to 6 percent slopes; somewhat poorly drained; limitations: severe for wetland food and cover plants. shallow water developments and ponds; moderate for growing grain and seed crops. LIMITATIONS FOR RECREATION 1/ Cottages and MODERATE - seasonal high water table. utility buildings Tent and camp trailer sites MODERATE - somewhat poorly drained. ! Picnic areas, parks and extensive play areas MODERATE - somewhat poorly drained. Playground, athletic field and intensive MODERATE - somewhat poorly drained; slow permeability. play areas Bridle paths, nature MODERATE - somewhat poorly drained. and hiking trails Golf course fairways MODERATE - somewhat poorly drained. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE National Cooperative Soil Survey-USA SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE in cooperation with PURDUE UNIVERSITY AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION 5,L-25790—A • CROSBY SERIES IN-226-E 5/18/67 ESTIMATED PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES % of material AvailabL.I Classification passing_ sieve Permeability water Soil Shrink- No. 10 No. 40 No. 200 inches capacity reaction swell USDA Texture Unified AASHO 2.0 mm. .42 mm. 0.074 mm. per hour in./in. pH potential Surface layer 0 to 9 inches; ML or CL A-4 or 100 90-100 85-95 0.63 - 2.00 0.17 - 0.20 6.1 - 6.6 Low silt loam A-6 Subsoil 9 to 32 inches; CL or CH A-6 or 100 95-100 75-85 0.06 - 0.20 0.19 - 0.21 5.1 - 6.6 Moderate silty clay loam and/or A-7 clay loam Underlying 32 to 60 inches; ML or CL A-4or95-100 80-90 60-70 0.63 - 2.00 0.17 - 2.00 Calcareous Low material loam INTERPRETATIONS OF ENGINEERING PROPERTIES Suitability as a source of: Topsoil Surface: good or fair - medium or low in organic matter. Subsoil: fair or poor - seasonal high water table; clayey. Sand and gravel Not suitable. Road subgrade and Subsoil and substratum: fair to poor - moderate to low shrink-swell; fair to poor shear strength and highway fills compaction; subject to frost heave; fair to poor stability; seasonal high water table. Soil features affecting use for: Highway location Seasonal high water table; subject to frost heave. Foundations for Somewhat poorly drained; seasonal high water table; fair to poor shear strength; medium to high low buildings compressibility. Pond reservoir Seasonal high water table; slow permeability; slow seepage in subsoil, moderate seepage in substratum. areas Subsoil and substratum: fair to poor stability and compaction; low permeability when compacted; Dams, dikes, levees medium to high compressibility; good resistance to piping; low to moderate shrink-swell; fair to and embankments poor shear strength. Waterways No limitations. Agricultural Seasonal high water table; slow permeability. drainage Terraces and No limitations. diversions LIMITATIONS FOR SOME URBAN USES 1/ Residential develop- MODERATE - somewhat poorly drained; seasonal high water table at 2 to 4 feet; medium to high ment with compressibility; fair to poor shear strength. public sewer Residential develop- SEVERE - seasonal high water table at 2 to 4 feet; slow permeability; estimated percolation rate ment without slower than 75 minutes/inch. public sewer Buildings for light MODERATE - somewhat poorly drained; seasonal high water table at 2 to 4 feet; medium to high industrial, canister- compressibility; fair to poor shear strength. cial and public use I/ The soil is evaluated only to a depth of 5 feet or less. Soils are rated on the basis of four classes of soil limitations: Slight - relatively free of limitations or limitations are easily overcome; Moderate - limitations need to be recognized, but can be overcome with good management and careful design; Severe - limitations are severe enough to make use questionable; Very Severe - extreme measures are needed to overcome the limitations and usage generally is unsound or not practical. 5,L-25790-8 USDA.SCS.LINCOLX.NE99.1965 Map Symbols MIAMI INDIANA Date 1/68 Soil Series SOIL INTERPRETATIONS IN-226-A 5/18/67 BRIEF SOIL DESCRIPTION: The Miami series consists of deep, well drained soils that have a medium or moderately fine textured surface layer and moderately fine textured subsoil. They developed in loamy glacial till and occupy nearly level to moderately sloping areas on upland till plains. In many places these soils have a mantle of loess up to 18 inches thick. The native vegetation was mainly hardwood trees. Miami soils are low in organic matter and have a high available moisture capacity. They have moderate permeability and runoff is slow to rapid. 4 INTERPRETATIONS FOR CROPLAND, PASTURE, AND WOODLAND I Cropland - general and Well suited for growing corn, soybeans, small grain and grasses and legumes. Many speciality speciality farm crops crops like tomatoes, sweet corn, and beans are also well suited. Pasture Well suited for growing alfalfa, red clover, brome grass, tall fescue and orchard grass. 1. Woodland Important wood crops: upland oak, tulip poplar, white pine. Well suited for planting: black locust, tulip poplar, black walnut, white pine. Land capability unit and yield predictions: Slope Capability Corn -bu. Soybeans-bu' Wheat-bu. Oats -bu. Legume-Grass (hay) Pasture (AUM) Class Eros. unit A B A B A B A B A B tons A B A 1 I 75 120 30 45 37 5o 60 90 3.5 5.5 5.8 10.5 B 1 & 2 IIe 70 110 28 4o 35 5o 55 85 3.0 5.0 B 3 IIIe 55 100 20 35 30 45 5o 70 2.7 5.o 15i.5 9.5 C 1 & 2 IIIe 55 100 20 35 30 45 5o 70 2.7 5.0 C 3 IVe 45 75 16 25 25 40 45 70 3.0 4.5 5.o 9 LIMITATIONS FOR WILDLIFE 1/ SLIGHT - 0 to 12 percent, eroded. Openland wildlife MODERATE - 2 to 12 percent slopes, severely eroded; limitations - moderate for growing grain and seed crops, grass and legumes, wild herbaceous upland plants; slight for hardwood woody plants. SLIGHT - 0 to 12 percent, eroded. Woodland wildlife MODERATE - 2 to 12 percent slopes, severely eroded; limitations - moderate for grasses and legumes, wild herbaceous upland plants; slight for hardwood woody plants and severe for coniferous woody plants. VERY SEVERE - well drained; limitations - very severe for wetland food and cover plants, shallow Wetland wildlife water developments and ponds; slight on 0 to 6 percent slopes and moderate on 6 to 12 percent slopes for growing grain and seed crops. LIMITATIONS FOR RECREATION 1/ Cottages and SLIGHT - 0 to 6 percent slopes. utility buildings MODERATE - 6 to 12 percent slopes. Tent and camp SLIGHT - 0 to 6 percent slopes. trailer sites MODERATE - 6 to 12 percent slopes. Picnic areas, parks and SLIGHT - 0 to 6 percent slopes. extensive play areas MODERATE - 6 to 12 percent slopes. Playground, athletic SLIGHT - 0 to 2 percent slopes. field and intensive MODERATE - 2 to 6 percent slopes. play areas SEVERE - 6 to 12 percent slopes. Bridle paths, nature SLIGHT and hiking trails SLIGHT - 0 to 6 percent slopes. Golf course fairways MODERATE - 6 to 12 percent slopes. Severely eroded units are severe. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE National Cooperative Soil Survey-USA- SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE in cooperation with PURDUE UNIVERSITY AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION 5,L-25790—A • • MIAMI SERIES IN-226-8 5/18/67 ESTIMATED PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Avallabla % of material Classification passing sieve Permeability water Soil Shrink- No. 10 No. 40 No. 200 inches capacity reaction swell USDA Texture Unified AASHO 2.0 mm. .42 mm. 0.071 mm. per hour in./in. pH potential Surface layer 0 to 10 inches. loam or silt loam ML A-11 100 85-100 65-90 0.63 - 2.00 0.17 - 0.20 6.1-6.5 Low silty clay loam CL or CH A-7 100 95-10o 85-95 0.63 - 2.00 0.19 - 0.21 5.6-6.0 Moderate Subsoil 10 to 32 inches; CL or CH A-6 or 100 95-100 85-95 0.63 - 2.00 0.19 - 0.21 5.6-6.0 Moderate clay loam or silty clay A-7 loam Underlying A-6 100 85-95 75-85 0.53 - 2.00 0.17 - 0.2CCalcareous Low material 32 to 60 inches CL loam INTERPRETATIONS OF ENGINEERING PROPERTIES Suitability as a source of: Surface: fair or good. Topsoil Subsoil: fair to poor; somewhat clayey. Sand and gravel Not suitable. Subsoil and substratum: fair to poor - moderate shrink-swell; fair to poor sheer strength and compaction; Road subgrade and highway fills fair to poor stability. Soil features affecting use for: Highway location Cuts and fills needed; subject to frost heave. Foundations for Fair to poor shear strength; medium to high compressibility. low buildings Pond reservoir Moderate seepage. areas Subsoil and substratum: fair to poor stability and compaction; LOW permeaoiLity when compacted; meoium Dams, dikes, levees to high compressibility; good resistance to piping; moderate to low shrink-swell; fair to poor shear and embankments strength. Waterways No limitations. Agricultural Not generally needed. drainage Terraces and No soil limitations; areas with short slopes are not suited. diversions LIMITATIONS FOR SOME URBAN USES 1/ Residential develop- SLIGHT - 0 to 6 percent slopes. ment with MODERATE - 6 to 12 percent slopes. public sewer Residential develop- MODERATE - 0 to 12 percent slopes - lower end of moderate permeability; estimated percolation rate ment without 45 to 75 minutes/inch. public sewer Buildings for light SLIGHT - 0 to 6 percent slopes. industrial, commer- MODERATE - 6 to 12 percent slopes. cial and public use 1/ The soil is evaluated only to a depth of 5 feet or less. Soils are rated on the basis of four classes of soil limitations: Slight - relatively free of limitations or limitations are easily overcome; Moderate - limitations need to be recognized, but can be overcome with good management and careful design; Severe - limitationsre severe enough to make use questionable; Very Severe - extreme measures are needed to overcome the limitations and usage generally is unsound or not practical. 5, L-25790—B