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W:\CalAtlantic Homes\2019-305 Lennar- Troy Estates\Design\Calcs\O&M Manual\2019-305-O&M Manual.docx Troy Estates Operation & Maintenance Manual BMP Owner: Lennar Homes of Indiana, Inc. Contact: Keith Lash Address: 9025 North River Road Indianapolis, IN 46240 Phone: 317‐659‐3200 Prepared By: HWC Engineering Contact: Kyle Eichhorn, P.E. Address: 135 N. Pennsylvania Street, Suite 2800 Indianapolis, IN 46204 Phone: 317‐385‐1334 Date Prepared: July 27, 2020 Job Number: 2019‐305 Project Information This Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Manual has been prepared for Troy Estates to help the owner operate and maintain the post-construction Best Management Practices (BMPs). Troy Estates utilizes a Wet Pond with Native Banks and two AquaSwirl hydrodynamic separators as BMPs to handle water quality. BMP Owner Contact Information Lennar Homes of Indiana, Inc. Contact Person: Keith Lash 9025 North River Road Indianapolis, IN 46240 317-659-3200 Emergency Contact Information City of Carmel Fire Department: 317-571-2600 City of Carmel Department of Storm Water Management: 317-571-2441 Indiana Department of Environmental Management: 317-232-8603 Inspection & Maintenance It is the responsibility of the BMP Owner to operate and maintain the installed BMPs, including routine monthly and annual inspections. The BMP Owner is responsible of all costs associated with the BMP inspections and repairs. Maintenance responsibilities shall remain in effect for the life of the BMP. Inspections must be documented on the inspection form included in Appendices. An inspection report must be submitted to the City of Carmel on an annual basis, the first being due one (1) year after the completion of construction. The report should include the deficiencies found during the inspection, if any, and how they were addressed. If the inspection report is not received within a month of its due date or if the report is not comprehensive including all of the deficiencies and how they were addressed the Owner will be subject to enforcement by the City of Carmel. The City of Carmel and/or a representative may inspect the BMPs at any time. If the inspector finds deficiencies he/she will contact the Owner with a recommended repair along with an allowable time frame to complete the repair. If the repair is not completed to standards or within the allowable time frame the City of Carmel has the right to perform the repairs and invoice the BMP owner for all costs associated with the work. See Appendix B for BMP Description as well as Inspection and Maintenance Requirements. See Appendix C for Maintenance and Management Inspection Checklist. BMP Description The Best Maintenance Practice (BMP) structures for this project are the proposed Wet Pond with Native Banks and two (2) Mechanical Water Quality Units (Aqua-Swirl AS-3, Aqua-Swirl AS-11) located within the project. One Water Quality Unit (at diversion manhole STR 107) structure is located south of the detention pond while the other (at diversion manhole STR 115) is located north of the detention pond. The Water Quality Unit will remove sediment, floatables, oils, etc. from the stormwater prior to it reaching the Wet Pond with Native Banks. Right-of-Entry Agreement This Operation and Maintenance Manual is submitted to the City with the intent to insure the longevity and adequate functioning of the Wet Pond with Native Banks owned by Lennar Homes of Indianapolis, Inc. By submitting this Operation and Maintenance Manual to City of Carmel with plans to construct said BMPs, the BMP owner noted above grants personnel from the City of Carmel the right to enter the development to inspect and maintain the BMP. The BMP owner noted above agrees to follow and abide by the inspection schedule and maintenance activities listed in this manual. The BMP owner noted above is responsible for any additional maintenance and/or repair activities to maintain the function and longevity of the BMP(s). _______________________________ ______________________________ Owner Signature: Date _______________________________ Printed STATE OF INDIANA ) ) SS: COUNTY OF ) BEFORE ME, the undersigned, a Notary Public in and for said County and State, personally appeared Owners,/Agent, subscribed and sworn before me this day of , . County of Residence Signature Commission Expiration Date Printed Name Owner Acknowledgement Agreement (“Agreement”) For good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the undersigned owner (“Owner”) hereby submits this Operation and Maintenance Manual (“Manual”) to the City of Carmel, Indiana (“City”) as a written acknowledgement of Owner’s warranty and agreement to institute, maintain, and follow the water quality Best Management Practices (“BMPs”) listed below, and to follow and abide by the inspection schedule and maintenance activities listed in this Manual. The Owner also hereby agrees to provide, at Owner’s cost, all additional maintenance, repair, and/or replacement services reasonably necessary to maintain the function and longevity of the BMPs from and including the date this Agreement is executed by Owner to and including the date on which a new Agreement is filed with the City by another party who assumes all of the obligations and responsibilities of Owner as set forth herein. BMPs: Wet Pond with Native Banks Diversion Manhole 107 with Aquaswirl AS-4 Diversion Manhole 115 with Aquaswirl AS-11 _______________________________ ________________________ Owner Signature Date _______________________________ ______________________________ Printed Name Company STATE OF INDIANA ) ) SS: COUNTY OF HAMILTON ) BEFORE ME, the undersigned, a Notary Public in and for said County and State, personally appeared _________________________________ Owner subscribed and sworn before this ____ day of __________________, ________. ______________________________ ______________________________ County of Residence Signature ______________________________ Commission Expiration Date ______________________________ Printed Name Appendix A BMP Location Maps 0 1,000 2,000 3,000Graphic Scale (Feet) 1 inch = 2,000 feet 300SS 1200 ECR 200S US 4 2 1 HAM BOONE CO RDCR 1200ECR 300S WILLOW ROAD131S T S T R E E T C O U R T WILLOW SPRINGS DRVEB A Y B E R R Y L A N E STONE CREEK DRIVECREEKSTONE WAY WI L D L I F E T R A I L BRENTWOOD AVENUECIMMARON ASH DRIVEFIRST FLIGHT300S US 4 2 1 300S 141st StShelbourne Rd131st St 146th St West RdLittle Eagle Creek Ave151st St 156th St 159th St Joliet RdBeckwith DrTara Ct 138th St Tuscany DrLorenzo BlvdRoma BndAntonia BlvdPonte l l P lHaskell PlT h u rm o n d W a y West RdZionsville Ê Troy EstatesAerial Location MapCarmel, INJanuary 2020 City of CarmelHamilton County Project Area WET POND w/ NATIVE BANKS BMP DIVERSION MH STR 107 AQUASWIRL AS-3 AQUASWIRL AS-11 DIVERSION MH STR 115 NATIVE PLANTINGS PROTECTIVE SIGNAGE PROTECTIVE SIGNAGE CARMEL, IN6/11/2020 0' (IN FEET) GRAPHIC SCALE 60' 120' 180' WATER QUALITY EXHIBIT TROY ESTATES TYPICAL POND CROSS SECTION W/ PLANTINGS STORMWATER BMP NATIVE PLANTINGS DO NOT MOW OR SPRAY DO NOT MOW OR SPRAY SIGN Appendix B BMP Description Maintenance and Inspection Requirements Page 4 of 14 © AquaShieldTM, Inc. 2014. All rights reserved. Aqua-Swirl® Stormwater Treatment System The patented Aqua-Swirl® Stormwater Treatment System is a single chamber hydrodynamic separator which provides a highly effective means for the removal of sediment, free oil, and floating debris. Both treatment and storage are accomplished in the swirl chamber without the use of multiple or “blind” chambers. Independent laboratory and field performance verifications have shown that the Aqua-Swirl® achieves over 80% suspended solids removal efficiency on a net annual basis. The Aqua-Swirl® is most commonly installed in an “off-line” configuration. Or, depending on local regulations, an “in-line” (on-line) conveyance flow diversion (CFD) system can be used. The CFD model allows simple installation by connecting directly to the existing storm conveyance pipe thereby providing full treatment of the “first flush,” while the peak design storm is diverted and channeled through the main conveyance pipe. The patented Aqua-Swirl® Stormwater Treatment System provides a highly effective means for the removal of sediment, floating debris, and free oil. Swirl technology, or vortex separation, is a proven form of treatment utilized in the stormwater industry to accelerate gravitational separation. Phone (888) 344-9044 Fax (423) 826-2112 www.aquashieldinc.comAqua-Swirl Concentrator Model AS-11 Horseshoe PCS Standard DetailAS-11 PCS STD02/03/14Scale:Drawn By:Document:Date:TAG1:30U.S. Patent No. 6524473 and other Patent Pending* Please see accompanied Aqua-Swirl specification notes.* See Site Plan for actual system orientation.** Orientation may vary from 90°, 180°, or custom angles to meet site conditions.4 1/2" [114 mm]1/2" [13 mm]1" [25 mm]Manhole Frame & Cover DetailNTSFor Non-Traffic Areas OnlySoil1" [25 mm]Unless other traffic barriers are present,bollards shall be placed around access riser(s)in non-traffic areas to prevent inadvertentloading by maintenance vehicles.Place small amount ofconcrete [3,000 psi [20MPa] (min)] to supportand level manhole frame.DO NOT allow manholeframe to rest upon riser.RiserFrameCover48" [1219 mm] Min.12" [305 mm]Wrap Compressible ExpansionJoint Material to a minimum1-inch [25 mm] thickness aroundtop of riser to allow transfer ofinadvertent loading frommanhole cover to concrete slab.Backfill (90%Proctor Density)Concrete8" [203 mm]Gravel BackfillPlan ViewAqua-Swirl Polymer Coated Steel (PCS)Stormwater Treatment SystemArchedBaffle68" [1727 mm]114"[2896 mm]Backfill shall extend at least 18inches [457 mm] outward fromSwirl Concentrator and for thefull height of the SwirlConcentrator (including riser)extending laterally toundisturbed soils. (See MHDetail Below)Ø132"[Ø3353 mm]Pipe couplingby Contractor.12" long Stub-outby Manufacturer.InletAArched BaffleOctagonal Base Plate144" [3658 mm]144"[3658 mm]OutletA24" [610 mm] PCS Max108" [2743 mm]VentSection A-ABeddingUndisturbed SoilBackfill18" [457 mm]6" [152 mm]4 1/2" [114 mm]CoverFrame1" [25 mm] ThickExpansion JointMaterial30" [762 mm]Riser#4 [13 mm] Rebar@ 6" [152 mm]Each Way14" [356 mm]1/2" [13 mm]3,000 psi [20 MPa](min) ConcreteManhole Frame & Cover DetailFor Traffic Loading AreasNTSIf traffic loading (H-20) is required or anticipated, a 4-foot [1.22 m]diameter, 14-inch [356 mm] thick reinforced concrete pad must beplaced over the Stormwater Treatment System Riser to support andlevel the manhole frame, as shown. The top of riser pipe must bewrapped with compressible expansion joint material to a minimum1-inch [25 mm] thickness to allow transfer of wheel loads frommanhole cover to concrete slab. Manhole cover shall bear on concreteslab and not on riser pipe. The concrete slab shall have a minimumstrength of 3,000 psi [20 MPa] and be reinforced with #4 [13 mm]reinforcing steel as shown. Minimum cover over reinforcing steel shallbe 1-inch [25 mm]. Top of manhole cover and concrete slab shall belevel with finish grade.Backfill (90%Proctor Density)48" [1219 mm]24" [610 mm] PCS MaxGrade (Rim)VariesVariesVentSlide riser over top ringand bolt in 4 placesRiser30" [762 mm]Rim elevations to match finishedgrade. PCS risers should NOT be fieldcut by Contractor.Manhole Frame andCover by Manufacturer.(See Details)5" [127 mm] MH FrameTop ReinforcementTop ReinforcementPipe couplingby Contractor.12" long Stub-outby Manufacturer.Swirl InletSwirl OutletPhone (888) 344-9044www.aquashieldinc.com WATER QUALITY DIVERSION STRUCTURE #107 TROY ESTATES CARMEL, IN JUNE 11, 2020 WATER QUALITY DIVERSION STRUCTURE #115 TROY ESTATES CARMEL, IN JUNE 11, 2020 Appendix C Maintenance and Management Inspection Checklist City of Indianapolis Page 7-15 Stormwater Specifications Manual January 2011 - FINAL Stormwater Pond Operation, Maintenance, and Management Inspection Checklist for BMP Owners Project: _________________________________________Owner Change since last inspection? Y N Owner Name, Address, Phone Number Location: Site Status: Date: Time: Inspector: Maintenance Item Satisfactory/ Unsatisfactory Comments Embankment and Emergency Spillway (Inspect annually and after major storms) 1. Vegetation 2. Erosion on embankment 3. Animal burrows 4. Cracking, bulging or sliding of dam A. Location: B. Describe 5. Drains clear and functioning 6. Leaks or seeps on embankment A. Location B. Describe 7. Slope protection failure 8. Emergency spillway clear of obstructions 9. Other (describe) FIGURE 702-05: Private Operation, Maintenance & Management – Stormwater Ponds City of Indianapolis Page 7-16 Stormwater Specifications Manual January 2011 - FINAL Maintenance Item Satisfactory/ Unsatisfactory Comments Riser and Principal spillway (Inspect annually) Circle Type: Reinforced concrete, corrugated pipe, masonry 1. Low flow orifice blocked 2. Trash rack A. debris removal needed B. corrosion noted 3. Excessive sediment buildup in riser 4. Concrete/Masonry condition A. cracks or displacement B. spalling 5. Metal pipe condition 6. Control Valve operational 7. Pond drain valve operational 8. Outfall channels functioning 9. Other (describe) Permanent Pool (Inspect monthly) 1. Undesirable vegetative growth 2. Floatable debris removal needed 3. Visible pollution 4. Shoreline problem 5. Other (describe) City of Indianapolis Page 7-17 Stormwater Specifications Manual January 2011 - FINAL Maintenance Item Satisfactory/ Unsatisfactory Comments Sediment Forebays 1. Sedimentation noted 2. Sediment cleanout needed (over 50% full) Other (Inspect monthly) 1. Erosion at outfalls into pond 2. Headwalls and endwalls 3. Encroachment into pond or easement area 4. Complaints from residents 5. Public hazards (describe) Additional Comments Actions to be taken: Timeframe: Page 7 of 14 © AquaShieldTM, Inc. 2014. All rights reserved. Inspection All AquaShieldTM products can be inspected from the surface, eliminating the need to enter the systems to determine when cleanout should be performed. In most cases, AquaShieldTM recommends a quarterly inspection for the first year of operation to develop an appropriate schedule of maintenance. Based on experience of the system’s first year in operation, we recommend that the inspection schedule be revised to reflect the site-specific conditions encountered. Typically, the inspection schedule for subsequent years is reduced to semi-annual inspection. Aqua-Swirl® Maintenance The Aqua-Swirl® has been designed to minimize and simplify the inspection and maintenance process. The single chamber system can be inspected and maintained entirely from the surface thereby eliminating the need for confined space entry. Furthermore, the entire structure (specifically, the floor) is accessible for visual inspection from the surface. There are no areas of the structure that are blocked from visual inspection or periodic cleaning. Inspection of any free- floating oil and floatable debris can be directly observed and maintained through the manhole access provided directly over the swirl chamber. Aqua-Swirl® Inspection Procedure To inspect the Aqua-Swirl®, a hook is needed to remove the manhole cover. AquaShieldTM provides a customized manhole cover with our distinctive logo to make it easy for maintenance crews to locate the system in the field. We also provide a permanent metal information plate Page 8 of 14 © AquaShieldTM, Inc. 2014. All rights reserved. Sediment inspection using a stadia rod in a single chamber Maintenance trigger for Aqua-Swirl® Models AS- 3 through AS-13 occurs when sediment pile is 42-48 inches below water surface. Maintenance trigger for Aqua-Swirl® Model AS-2 occurs when sediment pile is 30 to 32 inches below water surface. affixed inside the access riser which provides our contact information, the Aqua-Swirl® model size, and serial number. The only tools needed to inspect the Aqua-Swirl® system are a flashlight and a measuring device such as a stadia rod or pole. Given the easy and direct accessibility provided, floating oil and debris can be observed directly from the surface. Sediment depths can easily be determined by lowering a measuring device to the top of the sediment pile and to the surface of the water. The maintenance trigger for Aqua-Swirl® Models AS-3 through AS-13 occurs when the sediment pile is within 42 to 48 inches of the standing water surface. For the Aqua-Swirl® Model AS-2, maintenance is needed when the top of the sediment pile is measured to be 30 to 32 inches below the standing water surface. It should be noted that in order to avoid underestimating the volume of sediment in the chamber, the measuring device must be carefully lowered to the top of the sediment pile. Keep in mind that the finer sediment at the top of the pile may offer less resistance to the measuring device than the larger particles which typically occur deeper within the sediment pile. 42-48” 42-48” AS-2: 30-32” Page 9 of 14 © AquaShieldTM, Inc. 2014. All rights reserved. Vacuum truck quickly cleans the Aqua-Swirl® from a single chamber The Aqua-Swirl® design allows for the sediment to accumulate in a semi-conical fashion as illustrated above. That is, the depth to sediment as measured below the water surface may be less in the center of the swirl chamber; and likewise, may be greater at the edges of the swirl chamber. Aqua-Swirl® Cleanout Procedure Cleaning the Aqua-Swirl® is simple and quick. Free-floating oil and floatable debris can be observed and removed directly through the 30-inch service access riser provided. A vacuum truck is typically used to remove the accumulated sediment and debris. An advantage of the Aqua-Swirl® design is that the entire sediment storage area can be reached with a vacuum hose from the surface (reaching all the sides). Since there are no multiple or limited (hidden or “blind”) chambers in the Aqua-Swirl®, there are no restrictions to impede on-site maintenance tasks. Disposal of Recovered Materials Disposal of recovered material is typically handled in the same fashion as catch basin cleanouts. AquaShieldTM recommends that all maintenance activities be performed in accordance with appropriate health and safety practices for the tasks and equipment being used. AquaShieldTM also recommends that all materials removed from the Aqua-Swirl® and any external structures (e.g, bypass features) be handled and disposed in full accordance with any applicable local and state requirements. Aqua-Swirl® Inspection and Maintenance Work Sheets on following pages Page 10 of 14 © AquaShieldTM, Inc. 2014. All rights reserved. Aqua-Swirl® Inspection and Maintenance Manual Work Sheets SITE and OWNER INFORMATION Site Name: Site Location: Date: Time: Inspector Name: Inspector Company: Phone #: Owner Name: Owner Address: Owner Phone #: Emergency Phone #: INSPECTIONS I. Floatable Debris and Oil 1. Remove manhole lid to expose liquid surface of the Aqua-Swirl®. 2. Remove floatable debris with basket or net if any present. 3. If oil is present, measure its depth. Clean liquids from system if one half (½) inch or more oil is present. Note: Water in Aqua-Swirl® can appear black and similar to oil due to the dark body of the surrounding structure. Oil may appear darker than water in the system and is usually accompanied by oil stained debris (e.g. Styrofoam, etc.). The depth of oil can be measured with an oil/water interface probe, a stadia rod with water finding paste, a coliwasa, or collect a representative sample with a jar attached to a rod. II. Sediment Accumulation 1. Lower measuring device (e.g. stadia rod) into swirl chamber through service access provided until top of sediment pile is reached. 2. Record distance to top of sediment pile from top of standing water: inches 3. For Aqua-Swirl® Models AS-3 through AS-13, schedule cleaning if value in Step #2 is 48 to 42 inches or less. 4. For Aqua-Swirl® Model AS-2, schedule cleaning if value in Step #2 is 32 to 30 inches or less. Page 11 of 14 © AquaShieldTM, Inc. 2014. All rights reserved. III. Diversion Structures (External Bypass Features) If a diversion (external bypass) configuration is present, it should be inspected as follows: 1. Inspect weir or other bypass feature for structural decay or damage. Weirs are more susceptible to damage than off-set piping and should be checked to confirm that they are not crumbling (concrete or brick) or decaying (steel). 2. Inspect diversion structure and bypass piping for signs of structural damage or blockage from debris or sediment accumulation. 3. When feasible, measure elevations on diversion weir or piping to ensure it is consistent with site plan designs. 4. Inspect downstream (convergence) structure(s) for sign of blockage or structural failure as noted above. CLEANING Schedule cleaning with local vactor company or AquaShieldTM to remove sediment, oil and other floatable pollutants. The captured material generally does not require special treatment or handling for disposal. Site-specific conditions or the presence of known contaminants may necessitate that appropriate actions be taken to clean and dispose of materials captured and retained by the Aqua-Swirl®. All cleaning activities should be performed in accordance with property health and safety procedures. AquaShieldTM always recommends that all materials removed from the Aqua-Swirl® during the maintenance process be handled and disposed in accordance with local and state environmental or other regulatory requirements. MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE I. During Construction Inspect the Aqua-Swirl® every three (3) months and clean the system as needed. The Aqua-Swirl® should be inspected and cleaned at the end of construction regardless of whether it has reached its maintenance trigger. II. First Year Post-Construction Inspect the Aqua-Swirl® every three (3) months and clean the system as needed. Inspect and clean the system once annually regardless of whether it has reached its sediment or floatable pollutant storage capacity. III. Second and Subsequent Years Post-Construction If the Aqua-Swirl® did not reach full sediment or floatable pollutant capacity in the First Year Post-Construction period, the system can be inspected and cleaned once annually. If the Aqua-Swirl® reached full sediment or floatable pollutant capacity in less than 12 months in the First Year Post-Construction period, the system should be inspected once Page 12 of 14 © AquaShieldTM, Inc. 2014. All rights reserved. every six (6) months and cleaned as needed. The Aqua-Swirl® should be cleaned annually regardless of whether it reaches its sediment or floatable pollutant capacity. IV. Bypass Structures Bypass structures should be inspected whenever the Aqua-Swirl® is inspected. Maintenance should be performed on bypass structures as needed. MAINTENANCE COMPANY INFORMATION Company Name: Street Address: City: State/Prov.: Zip/Postal Code: Contact: Title: Office Phone: Cell Phone: ACTIVITY LOG Date of Cleaning: (Next inspection should be 3 months from this data for first year). Time of Cleaning: Start: End: Date of Next Inspection: Floatable debris present: Yes No Notes: Oil present: Yes No Oil depth (inches): Measurement method and notes: STRUCTURAL CONDITIONS and OBSERVATIONS Structural damage: Yes No Where: Page 13 of 14 © AquaShieldTM, Inc. 2014. All rights reserved. Structural wear: Yes No Where: Odors present: Yes No Describe: Clogging: Yes No Describe: Other Observations: NOTES Additional Comments and/or Actions To Be Taken Time Frame ATTACHMENTS Attach site plan showing Aqua-Swirl® location. Attach detail drawing showing Aqua-Swirl® dimensions and model number. If a diversion configuration is used, attach details showing basic design and elevations (where feasible). Page 14 of 14 © AquaShieldTM, Inc. 2014. All rights reserved. Aqua-Swirl® TABULAR MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE Date Construction Started: Date Construction Ended: During Construction Month Activity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Inspect and Clean as needed X X X X Inspect Bypass and maintain as needed X X X X Clean System* X* * The Aqua-Swirl® should be cleaned once a year regardless of whether it has reached full pollutant storage capacity. In addition, the system should be cleaned at the end of construction regardless of whether it has reach full pollutant storage capacity. First Year Post-Construction Month Activity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Inspect and Clean as needed X X X X Inspect Bypass and maintain as needed X X X X Clean System* X* * The Aqua-Swirl® should be cleaned once a year regardless of whether it has reached full pollutant storage capacity. Second and Subsequent Years Post-Construction Month Activity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Inspect and Clean as needed X* Inspect Bypass, maintain as needed X* Clean System* X* * If the Aqua-Swirl® did not reach full sediment or floatable pollutant capacity in the First Year Post-Construction period, the system can be inspected and cleaned once annually. If the Aqua-Swirl® reached full sediment or floatable pollutant capacity in less than 12 months in the First Year Post-Construction period, the system should be inspected once every six (6) months or more frequently if past history warrants, and cleaned as needed. The Aqua-Swirl® should be cleaned annually regardless of whether it reaches its full sediment or floatable pollutant capacity. †0DLQWHQDQFH (QWHULIPDLQWHQDQFHLVQHHGDQGLQFOXGH:2(QWHULIPDLQWHQDQFHZDVSHUIRUPHGVDPHGD\ ,QGLFDWHVSDUDPHWHUVWKDWDUHWUDFNHGLQ0D[LPR Public Inspection and Maintenance Checklist Diversion Structure 'DWH :RUN2UGHU 7\SHRI,QVSHFWLRQ Ƒ6WRUPƑ:HHNO\Ƒ0RQWKO\Ƒ$QQXDO )DFLOLW\ ,QVSHFWRU V Defect Conditions When Maintenance Is Needed Maintenance (1 or 2)†Comments General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†0DLQWHQDQFH (QWHULIPDLQWHQDQFHLVQHHGDQGLQFOXGH:2(QWHULIPDLQWHQDQFHZDVSHUIRUPHGVDPHGD\ ,QGLFDWHVSDUDPHWHUVWKDWDUHWUDFNHGLQ0D[LPR Defect Conditions When Maintenance Is Needed Maintenance (1 or 2)†Comments 6HWWOHPHQW 0LVDOLJQPHQW ,IIDLOXUHRIEDVLQKDVFUHDWHGD VDIHW\IXQFWLRQRUGHVLJQSUREOHP 9HJHWDWLRQ 9HJHWDWLRQJURZLQJDFURVVDQG EORFNLQJPRUHWKDQRIWKHEDVLQ RSHQLQJ 9HJHWDWLRQJURZLQJLQLQOHWRXWOHWSLSH MRLQWVWKDWLVPRUHWKDQVL[LQFKHVWDOO DQGOHVVWKDQVL[LQFKHVDSDUW &RQWDPLQDWLRQ DQG3ROOXWLRQ $Q\HYLGHQFHRIRLOJDVROLQH FRQWDPLQDQWVRURWKHUSROOXWDQWV Catch Basin Cover &RYHU1RWLQ 3ODFH &RYHULVPLVVLQJRURQO\SDUWLDOO\LQ SODFH$Q\RSHQFDWFKEDVLQUHTXLUHV PDLQWHQDQFH /RFNLQJ 0HFKDQLVP1RW :RUNLQJ 0HFKDQLVPFDQQRWEHRSHQHGE\ RQHPDLQWHQDQFHSHUVRQZLWKSURSHU WRROV%ROWVLQWRIUDPHKDYHOHVVWKDQ LQFKRIWKUHDG &RYHU'LIILFXOW WR5HPRYH 2QHPDLQWHQDQFHSHUVRQFDQQRW UHPRYHOLGDIWHUDSSO\LQJQRUPDO OLIWLQJSUHVVXUH ,QWHQWLVNHHSFRYHUIURPVHDOLQJRII DFFHVVWRPDLQWHQDQFH Ladder /DGGHU5XQJV 8QVDIH /DGGHULVXQVDIHGXHWRPLVVLQJ UXQJVQRWVHFXUHO\DWWDFKHGWREDVLQ ZDOOPLVDOLJQPHQWUXVWFUDFNVRU VKDUSHGJHV Metal Grates (If Applicable) *UDWHRSHQLQJ 8QVDIH *UDWHZLWKRSHQLQJZLGHUWKDQ LQFK 7UDVKDQG 'HEULV 7UDVKDQGGHEULVWKDWLVEORFNLQJ PRUHWKDQRIJUDWHVXUIDFH LQOHWWLQJFDSDFLW\ 'DPDJHGRU 0LVVLQJ *UDWHPLVVLQJRUEURNHQPHPEHU V RIWKHJUDWH www.cardnonativeplantnursery.com phone: 574 586 2412 | fax: 574 586 2718 Cardno Native Plant Nursery Installation and Maintenance Guidelines Prepare site for installation Prior to installing native seed or plants, the site needs to be prepared properly, which involves identifying existing native plants, removing unwanted vegetation, stabilizing erodible areas, and preparing the plant and seed beds. Before making modifications to a site, however, be sure to obtain any required permits and put proper erosion control measures in place. Cardno can assist with your permitting and erosion control needs. Before installing a native landscape, a site may need to be prepared over one or more growing seasons. The effort required depends on current site conditions, in particular the amount of non-native plants in the seed bank and invasive species on site. Cardno can provide the professional assistance needed to evaluate site preparation needs. Identify any existing native vegetation Some projects may have areas of “remnant” habitat present. Protecting these species onsite or temporaril y relocating and using them later as part of the installation can be key to a project’s success. Cataloging which species are present within these areas can also be highly valuable for developing a planting plan, because the remnant will contain species that have adapted to survive at that particular site. These remnants can also serve as seed sources for plant material if preserving local genotype is a goal of the project. Remove unwanted vegetation Be sure to remove any weeds and existing vegetation that could out-compete native species. Besides the usual aggressive invasive species, such as Purple Loosestrife, Reed Canary Grass, and Honeysuckle, some of the more problematic competitors include cool-season grasses, such as Brome, Clover, Tall Fescue, and other turf grasses. If your site has a significant unwanted plant seed bank, it will likely require ongoing control and maintenance, to ensure unwanted vegetation does not become re-established. Several techniques can be used to remove undesirable vegetation. Hand weeding can be done if a site is small or if there are a limited number of plants to be removed. However, for most sites, either a more aggressive approach or a combination of approaches is typically needed. A trained and licensed native landscape professional should perform these intensive vegetation control activities. Effective vegetation removal techniques Herbicide application Works for large sites or sites with little or no native vegetation. Selective use of herbicide is especially effective for aggressive non-natives. The number of treatments depends upon site conditions, species present, and the presence of a seed bank within the soil. Repeat applications may be required for persistent perennial weeds. Smothering Works for smaller sites when chemical use is not desirable. Landscaping fabric, dense compost, or grass clippings cover existing vegetation and is left in place for a full growing season. Cultivation Involves tilling an area regularly from spring to fall, to between four to five inches deep, to destroy weed root systems. Because it can also bring up weed seeds, cultivation needs to occur at regular intervals, between two to three weeks, to ensure undesirable perennials do not re-sprout. This has the highest risk of soil loss from erosion. Plants with deep root systems may need supplemental herbicide application. Prescribed burning Can be used to prepare a site, but it is most commonly used to maintain a prairie landscape. See the section on maintenance for more information on prescribed burning. Stabilize erodible areas Many native plant installations are located along streambanks, shorelines, and other sloped areas that have a tendency to erode. Before planting occurs on these sites, the surrounding soils need to be stabilized. Structures www.cardnonativeplantnursery.com phone: 574 586 2412 | fax: 574 586 2718 Cardno Native Plant Nursery Installation and Maintenance Guidelines such as silt fences, erosion control blankets, straw mulch, and straw bale dams can be installed to control erosion and siltation. As a site becomes stable, seeding with permanent native species helps with optimal long-term erosion control. Cardno provides various bioengineering materials for erosion control. Prepare planting and seedbeds To prepare the soil and create optimal plant conditions, before disturbing any ground: >Check for any buried utilities >Clear area of debris that would interfere with planting >Mow any excess existing vegetation growth >Apply broad-spectrum or targeted herbicide, depending on species present >De-compact any areas of special concern –Lightly de-compact tilled or loose soil with a roller, cultipacker, or similar equipment. If using a no-till seed drill, tilling can usually be omitted. –If ground is wet, tilling should not occur until the soil dries enough to break apart when tilled. Amend soils For stormwater applications like rain gardens and bioswales, soil can be amended to create appropriate growing conditions for wetland plants and allow for drainage required to allow these features to function properly. These areas often have the native soil removed and have a combination of compost and sand applied to achieve this objective. Follow appropriate timing Seed: The optimal time to install seed is from the fall (September 1) to late spring (June 15). Avoid mid-to-late summer seeding, because of limited soil moisture and rainfall. Native seed mixes can be installed in the fall when temperatures are cooler and rains are more frequent. Many native species require a cold stratification in order to break dormancy. When conditions are right in the spring, the seed will be in place to germinate. Seeding a wetland in the winter is often easier, because the site is frozen and equipment can more easily access the site. Broadcast the seed when the evening temperatures drop below freezing. Use appropriate erosion control measures, because the seed is not likely to germinate and provide stabilization until the following growing season. Live Plants: Live plants, including plugs, container stock, and bareroot herbaceous plants, are best planted during the growing season, which in the Midwest is between May 1 and October 15. Spring plantings are usually more successful, because the plants have sufficient time to develop a deep –root system to withstand summer droughts. If planting needs to occur in the middle of summer, irrigation is recommended. If plants are installed in late fall (after October 15) after going dormant, care should be taken to anchor plants in loose soil to prevent frost heaving. Wet soils are more prone to frost heaving. Dormant Woody Materials: Bare-root trees and shrubs, live stakes, fascines, and brush layering are all dormant when sold and are best planted during their dormant season (December 1 through April 15). This timing reduces transplant shock and allows the plants to develop a root system when moisture is readily available. Fall availability of bare-root trees and shrubs is weather dependent, and winter weather can eliminate fall harvest opportunities. Install seed and plant material Seed installation techniques Cardno’s native plant experts recommend using specific techniques to successfully install native seed. Broadcasting: For small (typically two acres or less) or irregularly shaped areas, seed can be planted by hand broadcasting. To aid seed distribution, combine the seed mix with filler materials, such as dry sawdust, sand, or vermiculite. The filler material should be dry so that the seed flows easily through the broadcaster. If not already included in the seed mix, plant a temporary cover crop along with the seed, to stabilize the soil www.cardnonativeplantnursery.com phone: 574 586 2412 | fax: 574 586 2718 Cardno Native Plant Nursery Installation and Maintenance Guidelines while the permanent native species germinate and become established, especially in highly-erodible areas. Do not use a heavy amount of cover crop seed, which could smother the native seed and inhibit germination. Using a hand-crank or tow-behind broadcaster, start with half of the seed and try to cover the entire area with that amount of seed. Take the remaining half of the seed, go to the opposite end of the site and cover it again. This approach helps prevent running out of seed, a common occurrence. After broadcasting is complete, it is important to use a cultipacker or roller over the area to make good seed-to-soil contact. If a roller is not available, tractor tires can be used instead. Do not cover seed more than 1/4-inch deep. No-Till Drill: For larger areas and sites with existing vegetation, use a no-till seed drill, which does not require the soil to be tilled before planting, resulting in minimal soil disturbance. No-till drills plant seed in rows by opening slits in the soil, into which seed is deposited. Several brands of no-till drills are available to plant prairie forbs and grasses. If using a no-till drill, Cardno recommends following the specific manufacturer’s recommendations. Because the diversity of seed sizes makes drill calibration a challenge, perform a few test areas first to help prevent running out of seed. If wetland is temporarily dry: >Scarify soil surface through shallow tilling or raking. If tilling adjacent to a wet area, assess the potential for erosion and runoff when disturbing the soil. >In lower elevations, where water levels are deeper, sow seed that is packaged wet. Sow dry-packaged seed on the higher elevations; this seed can overlap into wet-seed areas. >Press seed firmly into soil using a roller, cultipacker, or similar equipment. Light raking is an acceptable alternative, but be careful not to cover seed more than 1/4-inch deep. >Install erosion fabric over areas where water is likely to flow and displace seed. >Slowly restore water level or wait for rainfall to bring water level up after seeding. If feasible, use outl et controls to maintain water level depths between 1/2 inch and 6 inches until seed germinates and wetland vegetation is well established. If wetland is permanently wet: >Mix seed with damp clay pellets in a container, such as a five-gallon bucket. Clay pellets should be small (approximately ½ inch in diameter) and placed in optimal areas for germination. >Sow dry-packaged seed in areas at and above the waterline. If soil moisture conditions permit, press seed firmly into soil using a roller, cultipacker, or similar equipment. Do not cover seed more than 1/4-inch deep. >Permanently wet areas can also be seeded by broadcasting when the ground is frozen. >Post-planting Protection: Plantings may need to be protected after installation. Use physical barriers such as chicken wire, netting, or twine obstacles to keep out geese, muskrats, deer, and other animals. Various repellants can also be applied directly to the plants, but they often need to be re -applied periodically. Native plant installation Prior to Installation: >After delivery, remove plants immediately from packaging and set them in a cool, semi-shaded area until you are ready to plant. >If the soil around the plant roots is dry, irrigate to keep the roots moist, but not saturated. >If watered properly and protected from extreme conditions, such as excessive heat, sun, strong winds, or frost or freezing conditions, plants should be fine in their original pots or plug trays for up to several weeks. >On site, it may be helpful to stage plants near the areas where they will be installed, to save time. During the planting process, protect bare-root trees, shrubs, and aquatic plants from heat, sun, and wind, to prevent the roots from drying out. Upland Plant Installation: Install upland plants as you would any landscape materials. Because many native plants have an extensive tap root, take care during installation not to damage the roots. www.cardnonativeplantnursery.com phone: 574 586 2412 | fax: 574 586 2718 Cardno Native Plant Nursery Installation and Maintenance Guidelines For large-scale plantings, a gas-powered auger greatly speeds up the planting process. Select an auger bit slightly wider than the diameter of the container being planted, and pre-drill the planting holes at the recommended spacing. A crew can then follow behind and install plants. Wetland Plant Installation: In many wetland situations, the plant installation process is the same as for an upland area, but the process may be slower due to softer soils and the slower speed of planting. When planting in submerged areas, the most difficult aspect of installation is getting the plants to stay in place. If possible, use a pump or water control structure to lower the water level during installation and let the water level rise slowly. If planting below the water line or in areas submerged due to water fluctuations, planting holes often immediately refill with water, causing soil and plants to float to the surface after planting. In these instances, after installing the plant under the soil surface, use stones, small wood stakes, steel turf staples, or similar mechanical means to anchor the plant in place. Take care not to crush or puncture the plant or root with any anchoring techniques. If the plants have leafy stems or foliage, ensure foliage will stand above the water level after installation. Bare-root aquatic or emergent species like Lilies, Pickerel Weed, and Common Arrowhead are supplied in the early spring in bare-root format with little to no foliage. When planting bare-root plants, submerge the entire root to the appropriate depth and anchor it below the soil surface. A technique to use with bare-root tubers is to put them in a small, weighted, biodegradable mesh sack and submerge them at an appropriate depth. The sack will keep the tuber from floating to the surface, and by the time the plants have rooted into the soil, the sack will have biodegraded. Other techniques can be used to anchor plants, such as using small piles of gravel to weight down the plants, or planters. Contact Cardno for additional advice on wetland plant installation. Tips for bare-root tree and shrub installation >After delivery, remove plants immediately from box and store upright to prevent mold growth. >Keep roots moist until plants are installed. They may be held in buckets or containers of water on site; however, if plant material will not be installed for a week or longer, do not keep in standing water. >Keep plants in a cold, dark place to prevent them from breaking dormancy until ready to plant. Bare-root trees and shrubs can be stored this way for several days, but check frequently for signs of mold and to make sure they are adequately watered. Tips for bare-root aquatic and emergent species installation: >Because they do not remain viable for long after harvesting, schedule shipment to arrive as close to planting date as possible. >Take plants out of the packaging, place upright in a container, and keep in fresh water until planting (similar to fresh-cut flowers). >Plant roots must remain submerged at all times until just before planting, even when staging at the planting site. >Change water every few days if unable to plant immediately. Monitor and maintain site To help ensure success, projects need a maintenance and management plan that is flexible and supports site development goals. While native plants tend to germinate and develop at a slower rate than ornamental perennials or turf grass, regular maintenance during the establishment period greatly improves project success. Regular maintenance and monitoring controls invasive species, ensures optimal moisture levels are present, and identifies other necessary management actions. The maintenance of a native landscape can include many different actions: >Regular site inspection and monitoring >Mowing >Selective herbicide application >Overseeding and supplemental planting >Water control and temporary irrigation >Prescribed burning www.cardnonativeplantnursery.com phone: 574 586 2412 | fax: 574 586 2718 Cardno Native Plant Nursery Installation and Maintenance Guidelines Selection of maintenance methods partly depends upon timing, but other factors such as aesthetic goals, project size, and budget also help determine what techniques will work best. For example, for small areas or sites where chemical applications cannot be performed, target species may be removed by hand. Regular site inspection and monitoring During the first 6 to 12 months of a seeding project, it may be difficult to differentiate between the germinated native seed and undesirable weeds. Although some wildflower and grass species will be recognizable within the first year, it may take two to four years before the native plant community is sufficiently established to be recognized by most people. During this establishment period, address any invasive species that subsequently appear on site, to prevent them from becoming a larger problem later on. Cardno inspects project areas throughout each growing season to gauge native plant density and composition, and manage undesirable weeds. Mowing During the establishment period, native plants concentrate their energy toward expanding their root systems. Mowing can suppress non-native annual plants without negatively affecting natives. Mowing also thins out the canopy, allowing more light to reach new seedlings. Because most weed competition comes from fast-growing annuals, mowing needs to occur to keep these species from re-seeding. Cardno recommends mowing to between 8 and 10 inches high. During the first growing season, our team performs one to three mowing events, depending on the height and growth of the vegetation. If weed pressure is high, more mowing events may be needed. Selective herbicide application Many perennial weed species are best controlled through chemical applications. Cardno’s trained herbicide application staff uses caution when applying these chemicals, to minimize collateral damage to desirable plant species. Cardno staff has the qualifications to ensure chemical selection, rates, and application methods are legal and appropriate. Overseeding and supplemental planting Most native species grow slowly from seed, making it difficult to assess the development of a recently seeded site. Supplemental plantings are often used to increase diversity or to introduce conservative species to an established planting. Cardno can determine the need for overseeding or supplemental planting, typically by the second growing season following installation. Water control and temporary irrigation In periods of drought, small native areas will benefit from irrigation, especially during the first growing season. Typically, one inch of water per week is sufficient to encourage proper germination and growth. Weed pressure will increase with supplemental watering, which may then require more frequent mowing or herbicide application. Prescribed burning Controlled burns can be important to long-term prairie maintenance. Burning simulates historical processes that once maintained prairies. It greatly reduces the number of woody species and enhances the health of herbaceous species. It also clears thatch, making way for new growth in the spring. The black, burned surface absorbs and retains heat, giving natives an early start in the spring. Cardno has a team of personnel trained in fire management techniques.