HomeMy WebLinkAboutDivision 2 Specifications
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DIVISION 2 SPECIFICATIONS FO
FOR
KIPP BROTHERS, INC.
CARMEL, INDIANA
Date: 08-16-00
Prepared for:
RUNNEBOHM CONSTRUCTION
Shelbyville, IN
Prepared by:
Paul I. Cripe, Inc.
7172 Graham Road
Indianapolis, Indiana 46250
(317) 842-6777
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Kipp Brothers, Inc.
Carmel, Indiana
@2000 Paull. Cripe. Inc.
SECTION 02070 - SELECTIVE DEMOLITION
PART 1 . GENERAL
1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS
A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract and other Division-1 Specification Sections.
apply to Work of this Section and all Sections in the Project Manual whether or not specifically
indicated.
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes the following:
1. Demolition and removal of selected site elements including pavement systems. walks,
utility poles, signage, debris and miscellaneous equipment.
2. Removal and abandonment of selected utilities and sewer systems.
3. Patching and repairs.
1.3 DEFINITIONS
A. Remove: Remove and legally dispose of items except those indicated to be reinstalled,
salvaged. or to remain.
B. Remove and Reinstall: Remove items indicated; clean. service, and otherwise prepare them for
reuse; store and protect against damage. Reinstall items in the same locations or in locations
indicated.
C. Existing to Remain: Protect construction indicated to remain against damage and soiling during
selective demolition. When permitted by the Designer and Project Manager. items may be
removed to a suitable. protected storage location during selective demolition and then cleaned
and reinstalled in their original locations.
1.4 MATERIALS OWNERSHIP
A. Except for items or materials indicated to be reused. salvaged. reinstalled. or otherwise
indicated to remain the Owner's property. demolished materials shall become the Contractor's
property and shall be removed from the site with further disposition at the Contractor's option.
B. Historical items. relics, and similar objects including. but not limited to, cornerstones and their
contents. commemorative plaques and tablets, antiques. and other items of interest or value to
the Owner. which may be encountered during selective demolition, remain the Owner's
property. Carefully remove and salvage each item or object in a manner to prevent damage
and deliver promptly to the Owner.
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Carmel, Indiana
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1.5 SUBMITTALS
A. None
1.6 QUALITY ASSURANCE
A. Demolition Firm Qualifications: Engage an experienced firm that has successfully completed
selective demolition Work similar to that indicated for this Contract.
B. Regulatory Requirements: Comply with hauling and disposal regulations of authorities having
jurisdiction.
1.7 PROJECT CONDITIONS
A. Owner assumes no responsibility for actual condition of existing improvements to be selectively
demolished.
1. Conditions existing at time of inspection for bidding purpose will be maintained by the
Owner as far as practical.
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B. Damages: Promptly repair damages caused to adjacent facilities by demolition work.
C. Traffic: Conduct selective demolition operations and debris removal to ensure minimum
interference with roads, streets, walks, and other adjacent occupied or used facilities.
1. Do not close, block, or otherwise obstruct public streets, walks, or other occupied or used
facilities without written permission from authorities having jurisdiction. Provide alternate
routes around closed or obstructed traffic ways if required by governing regulations.
D. Utility Services: Maintain existing utilities indicated to remain in service and protect them
against damage during demolition operations.
2. Do not interrupt utilities serving occupied or used facilities, except when authorized by the
Project Manager.
3. Maintain fire protection services during selective demolition operations.
E. Environmental Controls: Use water sprinkling, temporary enclosures, and other methods to
limit dust and dirt migration. Comply with governing regulations pertaining to environmental
protection.
1. Do not use water when it may create hazardous or objectionable conditions such as ice,
flooding, and pollution.
2. Use fire retardant polymer dust control membrane.
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PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 REPAIR MATERIALS
A. Use repair materials identical to existing materials unless otherwise shown.
1. Where identical materials are unavailable or cannot be used for exposed surfaces, use
materials that visually match existing adjacent surfaces to the fullest extent possible.
2. Use materials whose installed performance equals or surpasses that of existing
materials.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 PREPARATION
A. General: Provide interior and exterior shoring, bracing, or support to prevent movement,
settlement, or collapse of areas to be demolished and adjacent facilities to remain.
1. Locate, identify, stub off, and disconnect utility services that are not indicated to remain.
3.2 DEMOLITION OF PAVEMENTS CURBS AND WALKS
A. Remove surface improvements including pavements curbs and walks to the limits shown on the
Drawings.
1. Demolish asphalt and concrete pavements and walks and aggregate base material as
shown on the Drawings. If the Contractor elects to reuse or recycle such materials, they
shall be crushed and installed in accordance with the requirements of Drawings and
Specifications.
2. Sawcut a clean edge where shown on the Drawings and where proposed improvements
will abut pavements, walks, and curbs to remain.
3.4 UTILITY REMOVAL
A. Remove above-grade utilities, appurtenances and equipment as shown on the Drawings.
1. Remove power poles, transformers, and transmission lines where indicated and legally
dispose of off-site.
2. Remove valves, hydrants, frames, and castings from utility systems indicated to be
removed or abandoned and legally dispose of off-site.
3. Relocate existing appurtenances and equipment where indicated on the Drawings.
4. Remove below-grade pipes, conduit, cables and structures where indicated on the
Drawings and where such improvements interfere with proposed construction activities.
Backfill excavations in accordance with Section 02200 of the Project Manual.
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5. Remove below-grade structures including storm, sanitary, and steam manholes, inlets
and vaults in. their entirety where indicated on the Drawings. Backfill excavations in
accordance with Section 02200 of the Project Manual.
3.5 UTILITY ABANDONMENT
A. Abandon in-place below-grade utilities as indicated on the Drawings.
1. Below-grade pipes 12 inches in diameter or larger indicated to be abandoned in-place on
the Drawings shall be capped at both ends and filled completely with "excavatable" grade
f10wable fill. Capping shall include a brick and mortar, grout, or concrete plug sufficient to
withstand the pressure of the f10wable fill.
2. Below-grade pipes and conduit less than 12 inches in diameter to be abandoned in-place
shall be capped at both ends and shall not be filled with f10wable fill unless otherwise
shown on the Drawings.
3. Structures, vaults, and pits to be abandoned in-place as shown on the Drawings shall be
removed to a depth of 3 feet below existing grade. The remainder of the structure shall
be filled with sand or No. 8 stone or gravel. A 6-inch thick concrete cap shall be installed
over the top of the remaining structure.
3.6 REMOVAL OF MISCELLANEOUS DEBRIS, EQUIPMENT AND IMPROVEMENTS
A. The Contractor shall remove miscellaneous exterior surface improvements where shown on the
Drawings or where such improvements interfere with the Construction activities of the
Contractor. Demolished materials shall be legally disposed of off-site.
3.7 SALVAGED MATERIALS
A. Salvaged Items: Where indicated on Drawings as "Salvage - Deliver to Owner," carefully
remove indicated items, clean, store, and tum over to Owner and obtain receipt.
1. Carefully remove, clean, and deliver to Owner all items indicated.
2. Salvaged Items: Where indicated on drawings or ASalvage - To Be Reinstalled:
carefully remove indicated items, clean, store and refurbish specified item in order to be
reinstalled as indicated.
3. The Owner may wish to salvage items not indicated on drawings as ASalvage - Deliver
to Owner. Coordinate with Owner regarding A first right of refusal regarding all items to
be salvaged and delivered to Owner.
3.8 DISPOSAL OF DEMOLISHED MATERIALS
A. Remove from building site debris, rubbish, and other materials resulting from demolition
operations. Transport and legally dispose off site.
1. If hazardous materials are encountered during demolition operations, comply with
applicable regulations, laws, and ordinances conceming removal, handling, and
protection against exposure or environmental pollution.
2. Buming of removed materials is not permitted on project site.
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3.9 CLEANUP AND REPAIR
A. General: Upon completion of demolition work, remove tools, equipment, and demolished
materials from site. Remove protections and leave interior areas broom clean.
1. Repair demolition performed in excess of that required. Return elements of construction
and surfaces to remain to condition existing prior to start operations. Repair adjacent
construction or surfaces soiled or damaged by selective demolition work.
END OF SECTION 02070
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Carmel, Indiana
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SECTION 02100- SITE CLEARING
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS
A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, and other Division-1 Specification Sections,
apply to Work of this Section and all Sections in the Project Manual whether or not specifically
indicated.
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes the following:
1. Protecting existing trees and vegetation to remain.
2. Removing trees and other vegetation.
3. Clearing and grubbing.
4. Topsoil stripping and stockpiling.
B. Related Sections include the following:
1. Division 2 Section "Earthwork" for soil materials, excavating, backfilling, and site grading.
2. Division 2 Section "Lawns and Grasses" for finish grading, including placing and
preparing topsoil for lawns and planting.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. None Required.
1.4 DEFINITIONS
A. Topsoil: Natural or cultivated surface-soil layer containing organic matter and sand, silt, and clay
particles; friable, pervious, and black or a darker shade of brown, gray, or red than underlying
subsoil; reasonably free of subsoil, clay lumps, gravel, and other objects more than 2 inches in
diameter; and free of weeds, roots, and other deleterious materials.
1.5 MATERIALS OWNERSHIP
A. Except for materials indicated to be stockpiled or to remain Owner's property, cleared materials
shall become Contractor's property and shall be removed from the site.
1.6 PROJECT CONDITIONS
A. Traffic: Minimize interference with adjoining roads, streets, walks, and ather adjacent occupied
or used facilities during site-clearing operations.
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1. Do not close or obstruct public streets, walks, or other adjacent occupied or used facilities
without permission from Owner and authorities having jurisdiction.
2. Provide alternate routes around closed or obstructed public traffic ways if required by
authorities having jurisdiction.
B. Salvable Improvements: Carefully remove items to avoid damages. Except for items indicated
to be retained as Owner's property, salvaged materials not indicated for reuse shall become the
Contractor's property and removed from the site.
C. Notify utility locator service for area where Project is located at least 48 hours before site
clearing.
D. Protection of Existing Improvements: Provide protections necessary to prevent damage to
existing improvements indicated to remain in place.
1. Protect improvements on adjoining properties and on Owner's property.
2. Restore damaged improvements to their original condition, as acceptable to property
owners or other parties or authorities having jurisdiction.
E. Obtain and pay for permits required for the execution of the Work.
F. Notify corporations, companies, individuals, and local authorities owning conduits, wires, or
pipes that will be affected by this Work. Arrange for removal of wires running to or on the
property that will interfere with the execution of the Work.
G. Protect and maintain conduit, drains, sewers, pipes, and wires that are to remain. Provide and
maintain markers for location of underground facilities.
1.7 EXISTING SERVICES
A. The locations of on-site underground utilities are approximate and have been identified based
surface evidence, and location by underground utility locating service. The Contractor shall
confirm the locations of underground utilities as shown on the Drawings.
B. Arrange and pay for disconnecting, removing, capping, and plugging utility services where
indicated on the Drawings. Notify affected utility companies in advance and obtain approval
before starting this Work.
c. Place markers to indicate location of disconnected services. Identify service lines and capping
locations on Project Record Documents.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 SOIL MATERIALS
A. Satisfactory Soil Materials: Requirements for satisfactory soil materials are specified in Section
02200 of the Project Manual.
1. Obtain approved borrow soil materials off-site when satisfactory soil materials are not
available on-site.
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PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 PREPARATION
A. Protect and maintain benchmarks and survey control points from disturbance during
construction wherever possible.
B. Locate and clearly flag trees and vegetation to remain or to be relocated.
C. Protect existing site improvements to remain from damage during construction.
1. Restore damaged improvements to their original condition, as acceptable to Owner.
3.2 TREE PROTECTION
A. Erect and maintain a temporary plastic, high visibility, orange construction fence around drip line
of individual trees or around perimeter drip line of groups of trees to remain where drip line
extends into the construction area. Fence when construction is complete.
1. Do not store construction materials, debris, or excavated material within drip line of
remaining trees.
2. Do not permit vehicles, equipment, or foot traffic within drip line of remaining trees.
B. Do not excavate within drip line of trees, unless otherwise indicated.
C. Where excavation for new construction is required within drip line of trees, hand clear and
excavate to minimize damage to root systems. Use narrow-tine spading forks, comb soil to
expose roots, and cleanly cut roots as close to excavation as possible.
1. Cover exposed roots with burlap and water regularly.
2. Temporarily support and protect roots from damage until they are permanently relocated
and covered with soil.
3. Coat cut faces of roots more than 1-1/2 inches in diameter with an emulsified asphalt or
other approved coating formulated for use on damaged plant tissues.
4. Cover exposed roots with wet burlap to prevent roots from drying out. Backfill with soil as
soon as possible.
D. Repair or replace trees and vegetation indicated to remain that are damaged by construction
operations (but could be avoided by use of care), in a manner approved by the Designer.
3.3 UTILITIES
A. Locate, identify, disconnect, and seal or cap off utilities indicated to be removed.
1. Arrange to shut off indicated utilities with utility companies.
B. Existing Utilities: Do not interrupt utilities serving facilities occupied by Institution or others
unless permitted under the following conditions and then only after arranging to provide
temporary utility services according to requirements indicated:
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1 . Notify Project Manager not less than two days in advance of proposed utility
interruptions.
2. Do not proceed with utility interruptions without Project Manager's written permission.
C. Excavate for and remove underground utilities indicated to be removed.
3.4 CLEARING AND GRUBBING
A. Remove obstructions, trees, shrubs, grass, and other vegetation to permit installation of new
construction. Removal includes digging out stumps and obstructions and grubbing roots.
1. Do not remove trees, shrubs, and other vegetation indicated to remain or to be relocated.
2. Cut minor roots and branches of trees indicated to remain in a clean and careful manner
where such roots and branches obstruct installation of new construction.
3. Completely remove stumps, roots, obstructions, and debris extending to a depth of 18
inches below exposed subgrade.
3. Use only hand methods for grubbing within drip line of remaining trees.
B. Fill depressions caused by clearing and grubbing operations with satisfactory soil material,
unless further excavation or earthwork is indicated.
1. Place fill material in horizontal layers not exceeding 8-inch loose depth, and compact
each layer to a density equal to adjacent original ground.
3.5 TOPSOil STRIPPING
A. Remove sod and grass before stripping topsoil.
B. Strip topsoil to depths indicated in the Geotechnical Engineering Investigation, to the depth
encountered on site or to a depth of 6 inches as a minimum.
1. Strip surface soil of unsuitable topsoil, including trash, debris, weeds, roots, and other
waste materials.
C. Stockpile topsoil materials away from edge of excavations without intermixing with subsoil.
Grade and shape stockpiles to drain surface water.
1. limit height of topsoil stockpiles to 12 feet.
2. Do not stockpile' topsoil within drip line of remaining trees.
3. Stockpile surplus topsoil and allow for respreading deeper topsoil.
3.6 DISPOSAL
A. Disposal: Remove surplus soil material, excess topsoil, obstructions, demolished materials,
and waste materials, including trash and debris, and legally dispose of them off Owner's
property.]
B. Stockpile topsoil for reuse on the site in a manner that does not impede drainage. Enclose
stockpiles with silt fence.
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SECTION 02200 - EARTHWORK
PART 1 . GENERAL
1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS
A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, and other Division-1 Specification Sections,
apply to Work of this Section and all Sections in the Project Manual whether or not specifically
indicated.
B. Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) Standard Specifications, 1999.
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes the following:
1. Preparing subgrades for walks, pavements, lawns, and slabs-on-grade.
2. Excavating and backfilling for structures.
3. Subbase course for walks and pavements.
4. Base course for asphalt paving.
5. Subsurface drainage backfill for walls and trenches.
6. Excavating and backfilling trenches for underground utilities and sewer systems.
7. Grading of areas to receive topsoil.
8. Moving and spreading previously stockpiled topsoil.
B. Related Sections and References include the following:
1. Division 2 Section "Site Clearing" for site stripping, grubbing, removing topsoil, and
protecting trees to remain.
2. Division 2 Section "Lawns and Grasses" for finish grading, including placing and
preparing topsoil for lawns and plantings.
1.3 DEFINITIONS
A. Backfill: Soil materials used to fill an excavation.
1. Initial Backfill: Backfill placed beside and over pipe in a trench, including haunches to
support sides of pipe.
2. Final Backfill: Backfill placed over initial backfill to fill a trench.
B. Base Course: Layer placed between the subbase course and asphalt paving.
C. Bedding Course: Layer placed over the excavated subgrade in a trench before laying pipe.
D. Borrow: Satisfactory soil imported from off-site for use as fill or backfill.
E. "B" Borrow: Granular material complying with the INDOT Standard Specifications.
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1.4
A.
F. Excavation: Removal of material encountered above subgrade elevations.
1. Additional Excavation (Over-Excavation): Excavation below subgrade elevations of
unsatisfactory soil materials as directed by the Owner's Materials Testing Firm.
Additional excavation and replacement material will be paid for according to Contract
provisions for changes in the Work.
2. Bulk Excavation: Excavations more than 10 feet (3 m) in width and pits more than 30
feet (9 m) in either length or width.
3. Unauthorized Excavation: Excavation below subgrade elevations or beyond indicated
dimensions without direction by the Designer. Unauthorized excavation, as well as
remedial work directed by the Designer, shall be without additional compensation.
G. Fill: Soil materials used to raise existing grades to subgrade elevation.
H. Structural Fill: Satisfactory soil material obtained from on-site excavations required for
embankment construction within the zone of influence and meeting the specified material
requirement.
I. General Fill: Satisfactory soil material obtained from common excavation, unsuitable material
excavation, and off-site borrow locations if necessary for backfilling and embankment
construction in all areas not within the zone of influence and meeting the specified material
requirements. General fill material shall also include crushed aggregate materials resulting from
building and site improvement demolition activities. Crushed concrete, asphalt, brick and
masonry free of finishes, paints, coatings, wire mesh and reinforcing steel may be used as
general fill material with a maximum particle size of 4 inches in diameter.
J. Rock: Rock material in beds, ledges, unstratified masses, and conglomerate deposits and
boulders of rock material 3/4 cu. yd. or more in volume that when tested by an independent
geotechnical testing agency, according to ASTM D 1586, exceeds a standard penetration
resistance of 100 blows/2 inches.
Subbase Course: Layer placed between the subgrade and base course for asphalt paving, or
layer placed between the subgrade and a concrete pavement or walk.
Subgrade: Surface or elevation remaining after completing excavation, or top surface of a fill or
backfill immediately below subbase, drainage fill, or topsoil materials.
Utilities include on-site underground pipes, conduits, ducts, and cables.
#2 Stone: Refer to INDOT Standard Specifications.
#53 Stone: Refer to INDOT Standard Specifications.
SUBMITTALS
Product Data for any product to be utilized that differs from the make, model, or manufacturer of
such product as identified in this section.
B. Samples: For the following:
1. Samples of off-site borrow material for testing by Geotechnical Testing Agency.
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C. Material Test Reports: From testing agency indicating and interpreting test results for
compliance of the following with requirements indicated:
1. Classification according to ASTM 0 2487 of each on-site or borrow soil material proposed
for fill and backfill.
2. Laboratory compaction, curve according to ASTM 0 1557 for each on-site or borrow soil
material proposed for fill and backfill.
1.5 PROJECT CONDITIONS
1. Existing Utilities: Do not interrupt utilities serving facilities occupied by the Owner or
others unless permitted by the Designer.
1.8 DUST CONTROL
A. The Contractor shall comply with the requirements of 325 lAC 6-4 for fugitive dust.
B. The Contractor shall take adequate measures to control dust on the site. The Contractor shall
have on the site an adequate number of watering vehicles to control dust by his operations.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 SOIL MATERIALS
A. General: Provide borrow soil materials when sufficient satisfactory soil materials are not
available from excavations.
B. Satisfactory Soils: ASTM 0 2487 soil classification groups CL, GC, SC, GW, GP, GM, SW, SP,
and SM and B-Borrow as defined by INDOT, or a combination of these group symbols; free of
rock or gravel larger than 3 inches (75 mm) in any dimension, debris, waste, frozen materials,
vegetation, and other deleterious matter. On-site materials approved for use as engineered fill
shall be approved by the Owner's provided testing agency.
C. Unsatisfactory Soils: ASTM 0 2487 soil classification groups ML, MH, CH, OL, OH, and PT, or
a combination of these group symbols which are not suitable for the support of foundations,
floor slabs, pavements, or other elements.
D. Backfill and Fill: Satisfactory soil materials.
E. Granular Backfill: Satisfactory soil material obtained from on-site or off-site source meeting the
requirements of B-borrow as defined by the INDOT Standard Specifications and generally used
for backfill of trenches located under or within 5 feet of pavements, walks and structures.
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2.2 ACCESSORIES
A. Warning Tape: Acid- and alkali-resistant polyethylene film warning tape manufactured for
marking and identifying underground utilities, 6 inches wide and 4 mils thick, continuously
inscribed with a description of the utility; colored as follows:
1. Red: Electric.
2. Yellow: Gas, oil, steam, and dangerous materials.
3. Orange: Telephone and other communications.
4. Blue: Water systems.
5. Green: Sewer systems.
B. Filter Fabric: Nonwoven geotextile, specifically manufactured as a drainage geotextile; made
from polyolefins, polyesters, or polyamides; and with the following minimum properties
determined according to ASTM D 4759 and referenced standard test methods:
1. Grab Tensile Strength: 110 Ibf; ASTM D 4632.
2. Tear Strength: 40 Ibf; ASTM D 4533.
3. Puncture Resistance: 50 Ibf; ASTM D 4833.
4. Water Flow Rate: 150 gpm per sq. ft.; ASTM D 4491.
5. Apparent Opening Size: No.1 00 U.S. Standard Sieve Size; ASTM D 4751.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 PREPARATION
A. Protect structures, utilities, sidewalks, pavements, and other facilities from damage caused by
settlement, lateral movement, undermining, washout, and other hazards created by earthwork
operations.
B. Provide erosion control measures to prevent erosion or displacement of soils and discharge of
soil-bearing water runoff or airborne dust to adjacent properties and walkways.
C. Tree protection is specified in the Division 2 Section "Site Clearing."
D. Protect unattended open excavations by placing construction fencing and warning tape
completely around the excavation.
E. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards for excavations; final Rule
29 CFR Part 1926, Subpart 'P' applies to all excavations exceeding five (5) feet in depth.
Additionally, excavations exceeding twenty (20) feet in depth require the design of a trench
safety system by a registered professional engineer.
3.2 DEWATERING
A. Prevent surface water from entering excavations, from ponding on prepared subgrades, and
from flooding Project site and surrounding area. Dewater excavations as necessary due to
groundwater infiltration.
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B. Protect subgrades and foundation soils from softening and damage by rain or water
accumulation.
3.3 EXCAVATION
A. Explosives: Do not use explosives.
B. Classified Excavation: Excavation to required subgrade elevations classified as earth and
rock. Excavation will be classified as earth excavation or rock excavation as follows:
1. Earth excavation includes excavation of pavements and other obstructions visible on
surface; underground structures, utilities, and other items indicated to be demolished
and removed; together with soil and other materials encountered that are not classified
as rock or unauthorized excavation.
a. Intermittent drilling, blasting, or ripping to increase production and not necessary
to permit excavation of material encountered will be classified as earth
excavation.
2. Rock excavation includes removal and disposal of rock material and obstructions
encountered that cannot be removed by the following heavy-duty rock excavating
equipment without systematic drilling, blasting, or ripping.
a. Rock material includes boulders % cu. yd. or more in volume and rock in beds,
ledges, unstratified masses, and conglomerate deposits.
3. Rock excavation will be paid by unit prices included in the Contract Documents.
3.4 STABILITY OF EXCAVATIONS
A. Comply with OSHA, local codes, ordinances, and requirements of authorities having
jurisdiction to maintain stable excavations.
3.5 EXCAVATION FOR PAVEMENTS AND BUILDING PADS
A. Excavate surfaces under pavements and building pads to indicated cross sections, elevations,
and grades to within a tolerance of plus or minus 0.10 foot.
3.6 EXCAVATION FOR SEWER AND UTILITY TRENCHES
A. Excavate trenches to indicated slopes, lines, depths, and invert elevations.
B. Excavate trenches to uniform widths to provide a working clearance on each side of pipe or
conduit. Excavate trench walls vertically from trench bottom to 12 inches higher than top of
pipe or conduit, unless otherwise indicated.
1.
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Clearance: 12 inches on each side of pipe or conduit or as indicated on the Drawings.
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C. Trench Bottoms: Excavate and shape trench bottoms to provide uniform bearing and support
of pipes and conduit. Shape subgrade to provide continuous support for bells, joints, and
barrels of pipes and for joints, fittings, and bodies of conduits. Remove stones and sharp
objects to avoid point loading.
1. For pipes or conduit less than 6 inches in nominal diameter and flat-bottomed,
multiple-duct conduit units, hand-excavate trench bottoms and support pipe and conduit
on an undisturbed subgrade.
2. For pipes and conduit 6 inches or larger in nominal diameter, shape bottom of trench to
support bottom 90 degrees of pipe circumference. Fill depressions with tamped sand
backfill or material as indicated on the Drawings.
3. Where encountering rock or another unyielding bearing surface, carry trench excavation
6 inches below invert elevation to receive bedding course.
3.7 APPROVAL OF SUBGRADE
A. Notify Testing Firm when excavations have reached required subgrade.
B. Proofroll subgrade and subsequent lifts of fill material within the limits of building pads and
pavements in accordance with the requirements of the Testing Firm.
C. If Testing Firm Engineer determines that unforeseen unsatisfactory soil is present, continue
excavation and replace with compacted backfill or fill material as directed.
1. Unforeseen additional excavation and replacement material will be paid according to
the Contract provisions for changes in Work.
D. Reconstruct subgrades damaged by freezing temperatures, frost, rain, accumulated water, or
construction activities, as directed by the Engineer
3.8 STORAGE OF SOIL MATERIALS
A. Stockpile excavated materials acceptable for backfill and fill soil materials, including
acceptable borrow materials. Stockpile suitable soil materials separate from topsoil and
unsuitable material stockpiles without intermixing. Place, grade, and shape stockpiles to drain
surface water.
1. Stockpile soil materials away from edge of excavations. Do not store within drip line of
remaining trees or immediately next to property lines.
3.9 BACKFILL
A. Backfill excavations promptly, but not before completing the following:
1. Acceptance of construction below finish.
2. Testing, inspecting, and approval of underground utilities.
3. Concrete formwork removal.
4. Removal of trash and debris from excavation.
5. Removal of temporary shoring and bracing, and sheeting.
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3.10 SEWER AND UTILITY TRENCH BACKFILL
A. Place and compact bedding course on unyielding bearing surfaces and to fill unauthorized
excavations. Shape bedding course to provide continuous support for bells, joints, and barrels
of pipes and for joints, fittings, and bodies of conduits.
B. Place and compact haunching and initial backfill in loose lifts not exceeding 8 inches in
thickness.
1. Carefully compact material under pipe haunches and bring backfill evenly up on both
sides and along the full length of utility piping or conduit to avoid damage or
displacement of utility system.
2. Materials for haunching and initial backfill are specified on the Drawings.
C. Coordinate backfilling with utilities testing.
D. Fill voids with approved backfill materials as shoring and bracing, and sheeting is removed.
E. Place and compact final backfill as indicated on the Drawings.
1. Final backfill for trenches in turfed or seeded areas and in miscellaneous areas shall be
of approved earth material containing no stones over 4 inches in diameter. Such
backfilling shall be deposited in lifts with a maximum 12 inches loose thickness and
compacted by hand tamping or mechanical tamping devices. Excess earth to replace
settlement shall be neatly rounded over the trench.
2. Final backfill for trenches under paved areas and in areas requiring granular backfill as
indicated on the Drawings shall be approved granular material including "B"-borrow
complying with all applicable requirements of the INDOT Standard Specifications. Final
backfill shall be placed in eight-inch (8") maximum lifts and compacted by mechanical
tamping devices.
F. Pipe bedding and backfill lift shall be compacted to a dry density not less than the following
maximum dry density as determined by the Standard Proctor Test (ASTM 0-698).
USAGE
Bedding
Haunching
Initial Backfill
Final Backfill Under Pavements
Final Backfill in Seeded Areas
COMPACTION %
98
98
98
98
95
G. Install warning tape as required by the Specifications directly above utilities, 12 inches below
finished grade, except 6 inches below subgrade under pavements and slabs.
3.11 FILL
A. Preparation: Remove vegetation, topsoil, debris, wet, and unsatisfactory soil materials,
obstructions, and deleterious materials from ground surface prior to placing fills.
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1. Where new fill is to be placed on existing slopes that are 5:1 or greater, construct
benches a minimum of 10 feet in width cut into the existing slop prior to the placement
of fill.
B. After areas to receive embankment have been stripped of topsoil and before embankment is
placed, the building areas and areas to be paved shall be prpofrolled. Isolated soft pockets
that are located during the proofroll phase shall be excavated and replaced with structural
backfill. The material removed from the soft pockets shall be disposed of on-site as directed
by the Designer or reused as fill materials in yard areas only. Such required replacement of
soft pockets shall be identified by the Materials Testing Firm. Payment for excavation and
structural backfill shall be completed based upon the Unit Prices provided by the Contractor in
his bid.
C. Place fill material on approved subgrade or on a previously approved lift in layers to required
elevations for each location listed below.
1. Under grass, use satisfactory excavated or borrow soil material.
2. Under buildings and pavements, use subbase or base material, or satisfactory
excavated or borrow soil material.
3.12 MOISTURE CONTROL
A. Uniformly moisten or aerate subgrade and each subsequent fill or backfill layer before
compaction as necessary to attain the specified density. .
1. Do not place backfill or fill material on surfaces that are muddy, frozen, or contain frost
or ice.
2. Remove and replace, or scarify and air-dry satisfactory soil m~terial that is too wet to
compact to specified density.
a. Stockpile or spread and dry removed wet satisfactory soil material.
3.13 COMPACTION
A. Place backfill and fill materials in layers not more than 8 inches in loose depth for material
compacted by heavy compaction equipment, and not more than 4 inches in loose depth for
material compacted by hand-operated tampers.
B. Place backfill and fill materials evenly on all sides of structures to required elevations. Place
backfill and fill uniformly along the full length of each structure.
C. Percentage of Maximum Dry Density Requirements: Compact soil to not less than the
following percentages of the Standard Proctor maximum dry density according to ASTM D
698:
1. Beneath floor slabs and pavements compact subgrade to at least 95 percent maximum
dry density.
2. Below footings, compact subgrade to 98 percent of maximum dry density.
3. Under lawn or unpaved areas, compact the top 6 inches below subgrade and each
layer of backfill or fill material to at least 93 percent maximum dry density.
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4. All fill shall be compacted to the specified density. When the results of the in-place
density tests indicate that the compaction limits are not obtained, the areas shall be
reworked and retested until the specified limits are reached.
3.14 LIME STABILIZATION
A. The contractor may elect to stabilize wet fill material with hydrated lime in accordance with
ASTM C-977. If lime stabilization methods are employed, the top 12 inches of the subgrade
shall be treated in accordance with the INDOT Special Provision for Lime Modification. Lime
modification shall be between 3% and 6% by weight with the soil temperature 45 degrees 4
inches below the subgrade surface and the air temperature rising.
3.15 GRADING
A. General: Uniformly grade areas to a smooth surface, free from irregular surface changes.
Comply with compaction requirements and grade to cross sections, lines, and elevations
indicated on the construction' drawings.
1. Provide a smooth transition between existing adjacent grades and new grades.
2. Cut out soft spots, fill low spots, and trim high spots to conform to required surface
tolerances.
B. Site Grading: Slope grades to direct water away from buildings and to prevent ponding.
Finish subgrades to required elevations within the following tolerances:
1. Lawn or Unpaved Areas: Plus or minus 0.15 feet.
2. Walks: Plus or minus 1 inch.
3. Pavements: Plus or minus 1 inch.
4. Building Pads: Plus or minus 1 inch.
3.16 SUBBASE AND BASE COURSES
A. Under pavements and walks, place subbase course material on prepared subgrades. Place
base course material over subbases to pavements where required by the Drawings.
1. Compact subbase and base courses.
2: Shape subbase and base to required crown elevations and cross-slope grades.
3. When thickness of compacted subbase or base course is ,6 inches or less, place
materials in a single layer.
4. When thickness of compacted subbase or base course exceeds 6 inches, place
materials in equal layers, with no layer more than 6 inches thick or less than 3 inches
thick when compacted.
B. Pavement Shoulders: Place shoulders along edges of subbase and base course to prevent
lateral movement where shown on the Drawings.
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3.16 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
A. Materials Testing Firm Services: Allow testing agency to inspect and test each subgrade and
each fill or backfill layer. Do not proceed until test results for previously completed work verify
compliance with requirements. Provide equipment and manpower to conduct proofroll
inspections per the requirements of the Testing Firm.
1. Perform field in-place density tests according to ASTM 01556 (sand cone method),
ASTM 0 2167 (rubber balloon method), or ASTM 0 2937 (drive cylinder method), as
applicable.
a. Field in-place density tests may also be performed by the nuclear method
according to ASTM 0 2922, provided that calibration curves are periodically
checked and adjusted to correlate to tests performed using ASTM 0 1556. With
each density calibration check, check the calibration curves furnished with the
moisture gages according to ASTM 0 3017.
b. When field in-place density tests are performed using nuclear methods, make
calibration checks of both density and moisture gages at beginning of work, on
each different type of material encountered, and at intervals as directed by the
Engineer.
2. Paved and Building Slab Areas: At subgrade and at each compacted fill and backfill
layer, perform at least one field in-place density test for every 3,000 sq. ft. or less of
paved area or building slab, but in no case fewer than three tests.
3. Trench Backfill: In each compacted initial and final backfill layer, perform at least one
field in-place density test for each 200 feet or less of trench, but no fewer than two
tests.
B. When testing agency reports that subgrades, fills, or backfills are below specified density,
scarify and moisten or aerate, or remove and replace soil to the depth required, recompact
and retest until required density is obtained.
3.17 PROTECTION
A. Protecting Graded Areas: Protect newly graded areas from traffic and erosion. Keep free of
trash and debris.
B. Repair and re-establish grades to specified tolerances where completed or partially completed
surfaces become eroded, rutted, settled, or lose compaction due to subsequent construction
operations or weather conditions.
1. Scarify or remove and replace material to depth directed by the Testing Firm; reshape
and recompact at optimum moisture content to the required density.
C. Settling: Where settling occurs during the Project correction period, remove finished
surfacing, backfill with additional approved material, compact, and reconstruct surfacing.
1. Restore appearance, quality, and condition of finished surfacing to match adjacent
work, and eliminate evidence of restoration to the greatest extent possible.
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3.18 DISPOSAL OF SURPLUS AND WASTE MATERIALS
A. Excess soils shall be disposed of off-site.
B. Stripped topsoil shall be used to construct mounds where shown on the drawings on the site.
C. Excess topsoil not used for construction of mounds shall be removed from the site.
END OF SECTION 02200
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SECTION 02270 - SOIL EROSION CONTROL
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS
A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, and other Division~1 Specification Sections, apply
to Work of this Section and all Sections in the Project Manual whether or not specifically indicated.
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes the following:
1. Installation and maintenance of temporary erosion control measures.
2. Filter fabrics.
3. Erosion control blankets for slope protection.
4. Silt fence and straw bale barriers.
5. Riprap for outlet protection.
B. Related Sections:
1. Section 02100 "Site Clearing"
2. Section 02200 "Earthwork"
3. Section 02930 "Lawns and Grasses"
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. Product data for any product to be utilized that differs in material, make, or model from that
specified.
1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE
A. Erosion Control Standards:
1. Indiana State Rule 327-IAC15-5 referred to a as "Rule 5" administered by the Indiana
Department of Environmental Management.
2. "Standards and Specifications for Soil Erosion and Sediment Control in. Development
Areas" by US Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, College Park,
Maryland.
3. Local Ordinance
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1.5 EROSION CONTROL PRINCIPLES
A. Strip vegetation, grade and perform other soil disturbances in a manner which minimizes soil
erosion.
B. Retain and protect existing vegetation as much as is feasible.
C. Keep area which is exposed and free of vegetative cover to a minimum.
D. Protect exposed areas during prolonged construction or other land disturbance by temporary
seeding, mulching or other suitable stabilization measures. '
E. Erosion control measures installed under this contract shall remain in-place after contract
completion to be removed by a subsequent bid package contractor.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MATERIALS
A. Acceptable manufacturers:
1. Filter fabric, erosion control blankets, and geotextile fabrics:
a. Base:
(1) North American Green
(2) CONTECH Construction Products Inc.
(3) Polyfelt Americas
(4) Exxon Chemicals 100S.
(5) DuPont Typar.
(6) Carthage Mills.
(7) Monsanto Bidim.
(8) Enka Stabilenka.
(9) Celanese Mirafi 100X.
(10) Webtex, Inc., Terra Tex SC.
(11) Amoco Silt Stop.
(12) Other, to be approved in advance by Engineer.
B. Filter Fabric: Sediment control silt fabrics as manufactured by companies listed above. Woven
geotextile fabric: Contech product no. C200 or approved equal.
C. Hydro Seeding: To be approved by Designer.
D. Metal Posts: T-bar posts.
E. Metal Clips or Ties: See manufacturers specifications.
F. Grass Seed for temporary seeding: Mix to be approved by the Designer based upon application
and seasonal considerations.
G. Stone for Stone Filter: #8 gravel or crushed stone.
H. Tree Protection Fence: 5 feet high orange plastic fence.
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I. Wood: 2 IN x 2 IN or 2 IN x 4 IN, scrap wood.
J. Mulch: Wheat or oat straw.
K. Rip-Rap Average Size of Eight (8) Inches: (State of Indiana quality conforming to INDOT 616.02 ).
L. Straw Bale Barriers: Wheat or oat straw.
M. Tile Bedding: #8 washed gravel.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 AT BEGINNING OF SITE WORK
A. Prior to general stripping topsoil and excavating, install erosion control measures as outlined in
the sequencing plan.
B. Construct erosion control devices where indicated on drawings during rough grading as
grading progresses.
C. Topsoil must be a minimum of four inches (4") to ensure growth.
D. Install erosion control measures in areas where erosion was occurring prior to any grading
activity.
E. Provide silt traps as shown on plans to keep suspended soil particles on site.
F. Temporarily seed basin slopes, topsoil stockpiles, and areas disturbed by construction.
1. Seeding times and rates:
a. March 1 to May 1; Annual Rye grass at 40 Ibs.lacre.
b. September 15 to November 15; Rye (grain) or wheat at 150 Ibs.lacre.
c. March 1 to April 15; Oats at 100 Ibs.lacre.
d. May 1 to July 30: Sudangrass at 35 Ibs.lacre.
2. Fertilizer: Commercial analysis 12/12/12 applied at a rate of 600#/acre.
a. Apply lime to raise PH to the level needed for species being seeded.
b. Work fertilizer and lime into the soil to a depth of 2-3 inches.
3. All Hydro seeding shall be in accordance with the preceding requirements.
4. Reseed as required until good stand of grass is achieved.
3.2 DURING CONSTRUCTION PERIOD
A. Maintain all erosion control measures and repair any damage caused by construction activity.
B. Inspect regularly especially after rainstorms, and repair any damaged areas immediately..
C. Repair or replace damaged or missing items at no additional cost to Owner.
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D. After rough grading, sow temporary grass cover over exposed earth areas~
E. Construct inlets as soon as possible.
1. Install silt fence, straw bale barriers or filter fabric at each new inlet immediately after
installation of all inlets.
F. Provide necessary swales and dikes to direct water towards a protected device.
G. Do not disturb existing vegetation (grass and trees) outside limits of construction.
H. Remove sediment from behind silt fences when sediment reaches one-fourth fabric height, or
as directed.
I. Spread topsoil and fine grade slopes and swales, etc. Seed and mulch as soon as possible in
areas as they become ready.
3.3 NEAR COMPLETION OF CONSTRUCTION
A. \ Insure that all areas are stabilized; if so eliminate erosion control devices except inlet
protection.
B. Grade to finished or existing grades.
C. Fine grade remaining earth areas disturbed by construction activities.
D. Topsoil must be a minimum of four inches (4") ,to ensure growth.
E. Temporarily seed or mulch all areas that will be disturbed until permanent measures can be
implemented.
F. Permanent seed: March 1 to May 15 and August 10 to October 15. (Dates may vary at
discretion of Landscape Architect depending on weather conditions.)
G. Soil Preparation.
1. Soil surface must be free of rocks, debris, and other foreign materials.
2. Soils must have proper moisture control to assure proper germination and growth.
3. Soil surface must be non compacted to a depth of at least 6 inches.
4. Soil preparation depends on soil conditions at time of seeding. Various tools may be
necessary to achieve surface finish.
5. Surface of soil shall be at the proposed design grade with large voids eliminated prior to
applying fertilizer, lime and seed.
I. Steep Slopes.
1. On slopes exceeding 10%, soil shall be protected by an erosion control blanket or mulch
that securely holds seed to the soil.
2. Erosion control blankets shall be securely fastened to the soil utilizing approved staples
or stakes.
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H. Applying fertilizer, lime and seed.
1. Work fertilizer and lime into soil to a depth of 2 - 3 inches.
2. Apply seed carefully and cover seed with 1/4 inch soil, apply seed carefully and avoid
covering seed more than 1/4 inch.
3. Apply mulch at rate of 2 tons per acre following seeding.
4. Water as necessary to ensure adequate moisture for germination and growth.
5. Hyrdroseeding may be substituted in lieu of steps 2-4 above.
6. Reseed as necessary until a good stand of grass is achieved.
I. Products
1. Fertilizer: Commercial analysis 12/12/12 or equivalent applied at a rate of 600 pounds
per acre.
2. Lime: Apply agricultural lime to raise PH to the level needed for species being seeded.
Soil test may be required to determine rate.
3. Swales/Slopes: Blended mixture of seed shall be applied at the rate of 110 pounds per
acre. The mix shall consist of 40 pounds Mustang turf-type Tall Fescue, 30 pounds
Banff or Wabash Kentucky Bluegrass, 30 pounds Fiesta Perennial Rye grass and 10
pounds Redtop Bentgrass.
4. Graded areas adjacent to pavement: Blended mixture of seed shall be applied at a rate
of 90 pounds per acre. The mixture shall consist of 35 pounds Mustang turf-type Tall
Fescue, 30 pounds Fiesta Perennial Rye grass and 25 pounds Banff or Wabash
Kentucky Bluegrass.
5. Apply mulch straw at rate of 2 tons per acres immediately after seeding. The straw must
be evenly distributed loosely over the entire area. "Slabs" of straw must be redistributed
or it will kill young seedlings. On large open areas the mulch must be secured to soil by
a tack or mechanical means to prevent wind action on mulch.
3.4 MAINTENANCE
A. Reseed all areas that have not established a good stand within 2 months of seeding.
B. Apply a maintenance fertilizer (*) within 6 months of acquiring a good stand.
C. Avoid traffic on area until area is well protected and stable.
D. Water as necessary to ensure adequate growth and development.
E. Maintain all mechanical erosion control measures until areas have been stabilized..
*Maintenance fertilizer - apply 200 #/ acre of 12-12-12 or equivalent.
END OF SECTION 02270
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SECTION 02720 - STORM. SEWERAGE
PART 1 . GENERAL
1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS
A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, and other Division-1 Specification Sections,
apply to Work of this Section and all Sections in the Project Manual whether or not specifically
indicated.
B. Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) Standard Specifications, 1999.
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes the following:
1. Storm sewer piping.
2. Trench drains.
2. Manhole and inlet structures.
3. Underdrains.
4. Riprap for pipe outlets.
B. Related Sections include the following:
3. Division 2 Section "Earthwork" for excavation and backfill required for storm sewerage
system piping and structures.
1.3 DEFINITIONS
A. HOPE: High density polyethylene plastic.
B. PVC: Polyvinyl chloride plastic.
C. RCP: Reinforced Concrete Pipe
O. CMP: Corrugated Metal Pipe
1.4 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
A. Gravity-Flow, Nonpressure-Piping Pressure Ratings: At least equal to system test pressure.
1.5 SUBMITTALS
A. Product Data for materiqls that differ in make or model from those specified: For the following:
1. Cleanouts, pipes, fittings.
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B. Shop Drawings: Include plans, elevations, details, and attachments for the following:
1. Precast concrete manholes, inlets, and other structures, including frames, covers, and
grates.
2. Cast-in-place concrete structures.
C. Design Mix Reports and Calculations: For each class of cast-in-place concrete.
D. Field Test Reports: Indicate and interpret test results for compliance with performance
requirements.
E. "As-builr Drawings of installed sewers including as-built casting elevations, inverts, slopes, pipe
lengths and diameter, and plan locations of structures.
1.6 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING
A. Do not store plastic structures, pipe, and fittings in direct sunlight.
B. Protect pipe, pipe fittings, and seals from dirt and damage.
C. Handle precast concrete manholes and other structures according to manufacturer's written
rigging instructions.
1.7 PROJECT CONDITIONS
A. Site Information: Verify existing utility locations within construction limits.
a. Locate existing structures and piping to be closed and abandoned.
1. Existing Utilities: Do not interrupt utilities serving facilities occupied by Owner or others
unless permitted by the Project Manager.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 PIPES AND FITTINGS
A. General: Provide pipe and pipe fitting materials compatible with each other. Where more than
one type of materials or products is indicated or pipe material is identified as "optional, selection
is Installer's option subject to the requirements of this Article.
B. Reinforced Concrete Sewer Pipe and Fittings: ASTM C 76, Class III, Wall a, for rubber gasket
joints.
1. May be used for storm sewer pipes over 10 inches in diameter and for pipes designated
"RCP" on the Drawings.
2. Gaskets: ASTM C 443, rubber.
3. Joints: Bell and spigot with O-ring rubber gaskets in accordance with ASTM C443.
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C. Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe (PVC) and fittings: ASTM 0-1784, SDR35, with flexible, gasketed
joints.
1. May be used for storm sewer pipes 18 inches in diameter or less.
2. Joints: Compression-type bell and spigot in accordance with ASTM 0-3212.
3. Gaskets: ASTM F-477.
D. High Density Polyethylene Pipe (HOPE) and fittings: AASHTO M294 and ASTM 3350 with
gasketed joints.
1. May be used for storm sewer 18 inches in diameter or less.
2. Joints: ASTM D-3312.
3. Gaskets: ASTM F-477.
E. Underdrains
1. Acceptable materials:
a. Corrugated Polyethylene tubing: ASTM F-405.
b. Corrugated PVC: ASTM F-800.
c. Corrugated PVC with smooth interior: ASTM F-949.
d. PVC: ASTM 0-2729, 0-3033 or 0-3034.
2. Double walled corrugated polyethylene tile (ASTM F-667) or PVC tile (ASTM F-949 , 0-
3033 or 0-3034) required for installation of subsurface drainage tile with less than 18
inches of cover and under pavements.
2.2 MANHOLES
A. Precast Concrete Manholes: ASTM C 478, precast, reinforced concrete, of depth indicated,
with provision for rubber gasketed joints.
1. Diameter: Refer to Construction Drawings.
2. Base Section: Refer to Construction Drawings.
3. Riser Sections: Refer to Construction Drawings.
4. Top Section: Eccentric-cone type, unless concentric-cone or flat-slab-top type is
indicated. Top of cone of size that matches grade rings.
5. Gaskets: ASTM C 443, rubber.
6. Grade Rings: A maximum of one 4-inch reinforced-concrete ring, of maximum total
thickness, that match 24-inch-diameter frame and cover.
7. Steps: Polypropylene, polypropylene-coated steel reinforcing or an approved non-
corrosive fiberglass material, individual steps. Include width that allows worker to place
both feet on one step and is designed to prevent lateral slippage off step. Cast into base,
riser, and top section sidewalls with steps at 12- to 16-inch intervals. Omit steps for
manholes less than 42 inches deep.
B. Manhole Frames and Covers: ASTM A 536, Grade 60-40-18, ductile-iron castings designed for
heavy-duty service, as indicated on the Construction Drawings.
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2.3 CATCH BASINS/INLETS
A. Precast Concrete Catch Basins: ASTM C 478, precast, reinforced concrete, of depth indicated,
with provision for rubber gasketed joints.
1. Base Section: Integral with floor.
2. Riser Sections: Lengths to provide depth indicated.
3. Top Section: Flat-slab-top type that matches grade rings.
4. Gaskets: ASTM C 443, rubber.
5. Grade Rings: Provide a maximum of one ring as necessary to achieve elevation
indicated on the construction plans.
6. Steps: Polypropylene, polypropylene-coated steel reinforcing or an approved non-
corrosive fiberglass material, individual steps or ladder. Include width that allows worker
to place both feet on one step and is designed to prevent lateral slippage off step. Cast
steps or anchor ladder into base, riser, and top section sidewalls at 12- to 16-inch
intervals. Omit steps for catch basins less than 48 inches deep.
7. Channel and Bench: Concrete
8. Frames and Grates: Dimensions, opening pattern, free area, and other attributes
indicated.
2.4 CONCRETE
A. General: Cast-in-place concrete according to AC1318, AC1350R, and the following:
1. Cement: ASTM C 150, Type II.
2. Fine Aggregate: ASTM C 33, sand.
3. Coarse Aggregate: ASTM C 33, crushed gravel.
4. Water: Potable.
B. Portland Cement Design Mix: 4000 psi minimum, with 0.45 maximum water-cementitious ratio.
1. Fibrous concrete reinforcement.
2. Reinforcement Bars: ASTM A 615/A 615M, Grade 60 (Grade 420), deformed steel.
C. Structure Channels and Benches: Factory or field formed from concrete. Portland cement
design mix, 4000 psi (27.6 MPa) minimum, with 0.45 maximum water-cementitious ratio.
1 . Include channels and benches in manholes.
a. Channels: Concrete invert, formed to same width as connected piping, with height
of vertical sides to three-fourths of pipe diameter. Form curved channels with
smooth, uniform radius and slope.
1) Invert Slope: Refer to indicated entering and exiting invert elevations
indicated on the Construction Drawings.
b. Benches: Concrete, sloped to drain into channel.
1) Slope: 4 percent minimum %" per foot.
2. Include channels in catch basins.
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a. Channels: Concrete invert, formed to same width as connected piping, with height
of vertical sides to three-fourths of pipe diameter. Form curved channels with
smooth, uniform radius and slope.
1) Invert Slope: Refer to Construction Drawings.
2.5 CLEANOUTS
A. PVC Cleanouts: PVC body with PVC threaded plug. Include PVC sewer pipe fitting and riser to
cleanout of same material as sewer piping.
2.6 PIPE OUTLETS
A. Riprap Basins: Broken, irregular size and shape, graded stone.
1. Average Size: 8" -12" in diameter. No smaller than 4" and no greater than 18".
2. Place in accordance with INDOT Section 616.05.
3. Install geotextile under riprap in accordance with INDOT 616.10.
2.7 END SECTIONS
A. Pre-manufactured end sections:
1. Use precast reinforced concrete for RCP storm sewer.
2. Use metal end sections for CMP, PVC and HDPE storm sewers.
2.8 TRENCH DRAINS
A. Pre-fabricated pre-sloped system as shown on the Drawings.
B. Grate shall be designed to support axle loads up to
32,000 lb. Axle loads.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1. EARTHWORK
A. Excavating, trenching, and backfilling are specified in Division 2 Section "Earthwork."
3.2 IDENTIFICATION
A. Materials and their installation are specified in Division 2 Section "Earthwork." Arrange for
installing green warning tapes directly over piping and at outside edges of underground
structures.
1. Use detectable warning tape over nonferrous piping and over edges of underground
structures.
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3.3 PIPING APPLICATIONS
A. General: Include silttight, unless watertight or soiltight jOints are indicated.
B. Refer to Part 2 of this Section for detailed specifications for pipe and fitting products listed
below. Use pipe, fittings, and joining methods according to applications indicated.
C. Gravity-Flow Piping: Provide pipes and fittings or materials indicated on the Construction
Drawings.
3.4 INSTALLATION, GENERAL
A. General Locations and Arrangements: Drawing plans and details indicate general location and
arrangement of underground storm drainage piping. Location and arrangement of piping layout
take design considerations into account. Install piping as indicated, to extent practical.
B. Install. piping beginning at low point, true to grades and alignment indicated with unbroken
continuity of invert. Place bell ends of piping facing upstream. Install gaskets, seals, sleeves,
and couplings according to manufacturer's written instructions for use of lubricants, cements,
and other installation requirements. Maintain swab or drag in line, and pull past each joint as it
is completed.
C. Use manholes for changes in direction, unless fittings are indicated. Use fittings for branch
connections, unless direct tap into existing sewer is indicated.
D. Use proper size increasers, reducers, and couplings where different sizes or materials of pipes
and fittings are connected. Reducing size of piping in direction of flow is prohibited.
1. Install piping with restrained joints at horizontal and vertical changes in direction. Use
cast-in-place concrete supports and anchors or corrosion-resistant rods and clamps.
2. Install piping with cover indicated on Drawings.
E. Tunneling: Install pipe under streets or other obstructions that cannot be disturbed by tunneling,
jacking, or a combination of both.
3.5 PIPE JOINT CONSTRUCTION AND INSTALLATION
A. General: Join and install pipe and fittings according to installations indicated.
B. HDPE Pipe and Fittings: As follows:
1. Join pipe, tubing, and fittings with couplings for soiltight joints according to manufacturer's
written instructions.
2. Install according to ASTM D 2321 and manufacturer's written instructions.
3. Joints to conform with ASTM D 3212. Gasket material conforms with ASTM F 477.
C. PVC Sewer Pipe and Fittings: As follows:
1. Join pipe and gasketed fittings with gaskets according to ASTM D 3212, with gaskets per
ASTM F 477.
2. Install according to ASTM D 2321.
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3.6
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
D. Concrete Pipe and Fittings: Install according to ACPA's "Concrete Pipe Installation Manual."
Use the following seals:
1. Round Pipe and Fittings: ASTM C 443 (ASTM C 443M), rubber gaskets.
2. Elliptical Pipe: ASTM C 877 (ASTM C 877M), Type I, sealing bands.
3. Arch Pipe: ASTM C 877 (ASTM C 877M), Type I, sealing bands.
E. System Piping Joints: Make joints using system manufacturer's couplings, unless otherwise
indicated.
F. Join piping made of different materials or dimensions with couplings made for this application.
Use couplings that are compatible with and that fit both systems' materials and dimensions.
MANHOLE INSTALLATION
General: Install manholes, complete with appurtenances and accessories indicated.
Form continuous concrete channels and benches between inlets and outlet.
Set tops of frames and covers flush with finished surface of manholes that occur in pavements.
Set tops 3 inches (76 mm) above finished surface elsewhere, unless otherwise indicated.
Install precast concrete manhole sections as indicated and install in accordance with to
ASTM C 891.
Construct cast-in-place manholes as indicated.
Provide rubber joint gasket complying with ASTM C 443 at joints of sections.
3.7 CATCH-BASIN INSTALLATION
A. Construct catch basins to sizes and shapes indicated.
B. Set frames and grates to elevations indicated.
3.8 STORM DRAINAGE INLET AND OUTLET INSTALLATION
A. Construct inlets, as indicated.
B. Construct riprap of broken stone, as indicated.
C. Install outlets that spill onto grade, with flared end sections that match pipe,where indicated.
3.9 CONCRETE PLACEMENT
A. Place cast-in-place concrete according to ACI318 and AC1350R.
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3.10 CLEANOUT INSTALLATION
A. Install cleanouts and riser extension from sewer pipe to cleanout at grade. Use PVC pipe
fittings in sewer pipes at branches for cleanouts and PVC pipe for riser extensions to cleanouts.
Install piping so cleanouts open in direction of flow in sewer pipe.
B. Set clean out frames and covers as indicated on the Construction Drawings.
3.11 TAP CONNECTIONS
A. Make connections to existing piping and underground structures so finished Work complies as
nearly as practical with requirements specified for new Work.
B. Protect existing piping and structures to prevent concrete or debris from entering while making
tap connections. Remove debris or other extraneous material that may accumulate.
3.12 CLOSING ABANDONED STORM DRAINAGE SYSTEMS
A. Abandoned Piping: Close open ends of abandoned underground piping indicated to remain in
place. Include closures strong enough to withstand hydrostatic and earth pressures that may
result after ends of abandoned piping have been closed. Use either procedure below:
1. Close open ends of piping with at least a-inch thick, brick masonry bulkheads.
2. Close open ends of piping with threaded metal caps, plastic plugs, or other acceptable
methods suitable for size and type of material being closed. Do not use wood plugs.
B. Abandoned Structures: Excavate around structure as required and use one procedure below:
1. Remove structure and close open ends of remaining piping.
2. Remove top of structure down to at least 36 inches below final grade. Fill to within 12
inches of top with stone, gravel, or compacted dirt. Fill to top with concrete.
3. Backfill to grade according to Division 2 Section "Earthwork."
3.13 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
A. Materials Testing Firm will test trench backfill for compaction requirements in accordance with
Section 02200 of the Project Manual.
1. The Contractor shall notify the Testing Firm in advance when trench backfill tests are
required and coordinate as necessary with the Testing Firm.
B. Clear interior of piping and structures of dirt and superfluous material as work progresses.
Maintain swab or drag in piping, and pull past each joint as it is completed.
1. In large, accessible piping, brushes and brooms may be used for cleaning.
2. Place plug in end of incomplete piping at end of day and when work stops.
3. Flush piping between manholes and other structures to remove collected debris, if
required by authorities having jurisdiction.
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C. Inspect interior of piping to determine whether line displacement or other damage has occurred.
Inspect after approximately 24 inches of backfill is in place, and again at completion of Project.
1. Submit separate reports for each system inspection.
2. Defects requiring correction include the following:
a. Alignment: Less than full diameter of inside of pipe is visible between structures.
b. Deflection: Flexible piping with deflection that prevents passage of ball or cylinder
of size not less than 92.5 percent of piping diameter.
c. Crushed, broken, cracked, or otherwise damaged piping.
d. Infiltration: Water leakage into piping.
e. Exfiltration: Water leakage from or around piping.
3. Replace defective piping using new materials, and repeat inspections until defects are
within allowances specified.
4. Reinspect and repeat procedure until results are satisfactory.
D. Test new piping systems, and parts of existing systems that have been altered, extended, or
repaired, for leaks and defects.
1. Do not enclose, cover, or put into service before inspection and approval.
2. Test completed piping systems according to authorities having jurisdiction.
3. Schedule tests and inspections by authorities having jurisdiction with at least 24 hours'
advance notice. The Contractor is responsible for tests and inspections.
4. Submit separate reports for each test.
E. Perform Mandrel Test of all plastic (PVC and HOPE) storm sewer pipe 12 inches in diameter or
greater installed under this contract no sooner than thirty (30) days after installation. The
Designer shall be notified at least 48 hours in advance of mandrel testing. Mandrel testing shall
consist of:
1. A seven and one-half (7 %) percent "GO-NO-GO" Deflection Test.
2. The mandrel device shall be cylindrical in shape and constructed with nine (9) or ten (10)
evenly spaced arms or prongs.
3. The mandrel shall be hand pulled through all sewer lines and any section of sewer not
passing the mandrel shall be uncovered, replaced or repaired, and retested at no
additional cost to the Owner.
4. The Contractor shall provide all labor and equipment necessary for deflection testing.
END OF SECTION 02720
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SECTION 02730 - SANITARY SEWERAGE
PART 1 . GENERAL
1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS
A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, and other Division-1 Specification Sections, apply
to Work of this Section and all Sections in the Project Manual whether or not specifically indicated.
B. Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) Standard Specifications, 1999.
C. Clay Township Regional Waste District Sanitary Sewer Specifications (Latest Edition) are included
by reference and comprise the specifications.
END OF SECTION 02730
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SANITARY SEWERAGE SYSTEMS
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TYPICAL SANITARY SEWER SPECIFICATIONS
TO BE USED FOR PRIVATE SEWER DEVELOPMENT
WI1"HlN
CLAY TOWNSHIP REGIONAL WASTE DISTRICT
REVISE!>, SEPTEMBER, 1999
L Standard specifications of the Clay Waste District and Indiana Department of Highways
shall apply for all work and materials. Pipe shall be installed in accordance with Section
715.
2. Sanitary sewer pipe shall be PVC in accordance with ASTM D-3034 (S.D.R. 34) and
ASTM 2321. PVC pipe shall have grooved bell and gasket The pipe shall be made of
PVC plastic having a cell classification of 124S4B.
3. PVC sewer fittings shall conform to the requirements of ASTM D-3034-89 specification.
Fittings in sizes through 8" shall be molded in one piece with blastomeric joints and
minimum socket depths as specified in sections 6.2 and 7.3.2. Fittings 1Q" and larger
shall be molded or fabricated in accordance with section 7 .11 wi~ manufacturers
standard pipe bells and gaskets. Wall thickness offittings shall be SDR 26 as defined in
section ,7.4.1 of specifications. Gaskets for blastomeric joints shall be molded with a
minimum cross-sectional area of 0.20 square inches and conform to ASTM F-477
, specification. Fittings shall be manufactured by Barco or equal.
4. All sanitary manholes shall be "precast concrete" mlU1holes in accordance with ASTM C;.
478 and Section 720. O-rings.shall conform to C-443. Kent Seal or equivalent shall also
be applied to all joints and between riser rings and castings. Manhole step spacing shall
be no ore than 16-inches. Manholes shall be air tested for leakage in accordance with
ASTM C1244-93, Standard Test Method for Concrete Sewer Manholes by the Negative
Air Pressure (Vacmim) Test
A Installation and operation ofvacuum equipment and indicating devices must be in
accordance with manufacturer's recommendations and performance specifications
which have been provided by the manufacturer and accepted by the Engineer.
B. With the vacuum tester set in place:
1. Tnflate the compression band to forty (40) psi to effect a seal between the
vacuum base and the structure.
2. Connect the vacUum pump to the outlet part with the, valve open.
3. ' Draw a: vacuum often (10) inches ofHg. And close the valve. '
C. Accepted standafds for leakage will be established from the elapsed time for a
negative pressure change from ten (10) inches to nine (9) inches of mercury. The .
.Inaximum allowable leakage rate fOr a four (4) foot diameter manhole must be in .
accordance with the following:
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Manhole Depth
Minimum Elapsed Time for a
Pressure Change of I Inch Hg
10 feet or less
>10 feet but <15 feet
'>15 feet but <25 feet
60 seconds
75 seconds
90 seconds
For manholes five (5) feet in diameter, add an additional fifteen (15) seconds and
lor manholes six (6) feet in diameter, add an 'additional thirty (30) seconds to the
time requirements for four (4) foot diameter manholes. For all manholes deeper
than twenty-five (25) feet. Engineer will determine the applicable minimum
elapsed time.
D. If the manhole fails the test, necessary repairs must be made and the vacuum test
. and repairs mut be repeated until the tl]Jllnlwle passes the test.
E. .If manhole joint sealants are pulled out during the vacuum test, the manhole must
be disassembled and the joint sealants replaced.
F. Manholes will be subject to visual inspection with all visual leaks being repaired.
5. Butyl rubber coating shall be applied around each manhole joint from 6-inches above to
6-inches below eachjoint.. The apPropliate primer shall be applied prior to applying the
rubber coating. Inside joints to be tilled with preeoat plug material.
6. The manhole chimney's including all riser rings shall be sealed using Inti-Shield
"Umoand" or approved equal. Prior to placement, the top 4-inches of the manhole cone
and casting frame shall be cleaned and primed. The UmDand shall extend from 3-inches
below the top of the cone section to 2-inches over the flange of the manhole casting
fram~ .
7. The casting elevations are set by plan. However, the castings are to be adjusted in the
field by the Engineer's representative, should a discrepancy occur between plan grade and
existing grade. New manhole ring and cover shall be installed to establish grade.
Maximum height of adjusting rings shall be 12-mches. .
8. Backfill around all structures and all cuts under paved areas with granular material.
. Trenches opening within 5-feet of paved roadways shall be backfilled with granular
material in accordance with Section 211. Bacldill under sidewalks shall be granular,
unless the walks are Constructed a minintum of 6 months after backfill has been in place.
9. The Contractor s1WI be'responsible for verifying that all state highways, city, and county
permits have been obtained by the developer prior to start of construction.
10. The Contractor shall be required to furnish the developer's Engineer with a set of prints,
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marked in red pencil, showing actual sewer location and invert, to include latera11ocation,
depth and length. Such "as built" prints must be received by the Engineer before the final
contract payment can be authorized. The sanitary sewer laterals and stubs termination
shall be indicated on the surface with a metal fence post set immediately above the said
termination point.
11. All sanitary sewer lines upon completion will be required to pass a low pressure air test.
Said test shall be conducted according to ASTM 1417-92, and shall be witnessed by an
Engineer and a representative of the Clay Waste District The testing shall be in
accordance with Table 1. .
12. Deflection tests shall be performed on all flexible. pipe after the final backfill has been in
place at least 30 days. No pipe shall exceed a vertical deflection of 5% deflection test
results. (*The following are considered non-fleXJ."le pipes: concrete pipe, ductile iron
pipe, and cast iron pipe). The deflection test shall be performed with a nine-point
mandrel. Proving rings shall be available.
13. All mandrel testing shall be observed by a Professional Engineer for certificati~n and a
representative of the Clay Waste 'District.
14. The ends of1atera1s are to be plugged tight with a braced plastic disc or cap capable of
withstanding a low pressure air test without leakage.
15. Bedding for flexible pipe shall be No.8 crushed stone from 6-inches below the pipe to
12-inches above the pipe. Bedding for rigid pipe shall be No.8 crushed stone from 6-
inches below the pipe to the spring line of the pipe and from this point to 12-inches above
shall be filled sand or equivalent Manholes slia1l be placed on no less than 6-inches of
No.8 crushed stone bP.dding..
16. Water and sewer liDe crossings and separations shall be in accordance with Ten States'
Standards.
17. Trench shall be opened sufficiently ahead of pipe laying to reveal obstruction, and shall
be property protected and/or barricaded when left unA~ded. .
18. No water shall be permitted to flow into the sanitary sewer system during construction.
Contractor shall utilize a pump to keep the water level below the pipe. Pump discharge
shall be directed to a storm outlet. Any pipe entering existing sewers shall be plugged
with screw type mechanical, braced plug until such time as all tests on the sewers have
been completed and the lines have passed all punch lists.
19. All sewer laterals installed by the mainline Contractor shall be bedded the same ~ the
main line sewer.
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20. Forty-eight (48) hours notice shall be given to the Clay Regional Waste District prior to
the start of sewer construction. Also, 48 hours notice shall be given prior to any testing
done m the sewer.
21. Manhole castings shall be stamped "SANITARY SEWER" (Neenah Casting R 1642 or
equal) and be self-sealing type. Waterproof castings shall be Neenah $-1916-Fi and
stamped "SANITARY SEWER".
22. The minimum slope for sewer acceptance by the Clay Township Regional Waste District
are:
Size of Pipe
Minimum Constructed Slope
8-inch
10-inch
12-inch
IS-inch
IS-inch
0.40%
0.28%
0.22%
0.15%
0.12%
23. The Contractor shall proVide measurements of the slope of the sewer for each manhole
section as construction progresses. Such measurements shall be certified by a Registered
Land Surveyor or Engineer and be available on-site 'for observation by the District's
Inspector. No more than three manhole sections can be constructed in advance of such
measurements. .
24; In the event the Contractor does not meet the minimum slopes, the sewer section and any
other affected sewer sections shall be reconstructed to meet such minimum slopes.
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TABLE 1
TIME IN MINUTES AND SECONDS REQUIRED FOR FOR PRESSURE DROP FROM 3.5 PSIG TO 2.5 PSIG
(Based on 0.003 cfin per iq. ft. ~ 2.0 cfin)
Pipe Diameter D in Inches
4 6 8 10 12 15 18 21 24 27 30. 33 36 39
25 :04 :10 :18 :28 :40 1:02 1:29 2:01 2:58 3:20 4:08 4:59 5:56. 6:58 25
50 :09 :20 :35 :55 1:19 2:04 2:58 4:03 5:1,. 6:41 8:15 9:59 11:53 13:57 50
75 :13 :30 :53 1:23 1:59 3:06 4:27 6:04 7:55 10:01 12:23 14:58 17:00 18:25 75
100 :18 :40 1:11 1:50 2:38 4:08 5:56 8:05 10:39 12:45 14:11 15:35 100
125 :22 :50 1:28 2:18 3:18 5:09. 7:26 9:55 11 :20 125
150 :26 :59 1:46 2:45 3:58 6:11 8:30 150
175 :31 1 :09 2:03 3:13 4:37 7:05 175
200 :35 1:19 2:21 3:40 5:17 . 200.
225 :4() 1 :29 2:38 4:08 5:40 225
250 :44 1 :39 2:56 4:35 250
275 :48 1:49 3:14 4:43 275
300 :53 1:59 3:31 300
350 1:02 2:19 3:47 . 350
400 1:10. 2:38 400
450 .1:19 2:50 450
500 1:28 500
550 1:37 550
600 1:46 600
650 1:53 2:503:47 4:43 5:40 7:05 8:30 9:55 11 :20 12:45 14:11 15:35 17:00 18:25 650
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SECTION 02900 - GENERAL LANDSCAPE WORK
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS
A. Drawings and general provisions of Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions
and Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes provisions for the following items:
1. Trees.
2. Shrubs.
3. Annuals/Perennials.
4. Ground cover.
5. Soil amendments.
6 Initial maintenance of landscape materials.
B. Related Sections: The following sections contain requirements that relate to this Section.
1. Excavation, filling. and rough grading required to establish elevations shown on drawings is
specified in Division 2 Section. "Earthwork."
2. Installation of lawn areas as sown on drawings is specified in Division 2. Section 02930,
"Lawns & Grasses". -
1.3 QUALITY ASSURANCE
A. Subcontract landscape work to a single firm specializing in landscape work.
B. Source Quality Control:
1. General: Ship landscape materials with certificates of inspection required by governing
authorities. Comply with Federal, State, County and Local regulations applicable to
landscape materials.
2. Do not make substitutions. If specified landscape material is not obtainable, submit proof of
non-availability. together with proposal for use of equivalent material.
3. Analysis and Standards: Package standard products with manufacturer's certified analysis.
For other materials, provide analysis by recognized laboratory made in accordance with
methods established by the Association of Official Agriculture Chemists. wherever
applicable.
4. Topsoil: Before delivery of topsoil. furnish written statement giving location of properties
from which topsoil is to be obtained, names and addresses of owners. depth to be stripped,
and crops grown during past 2 years.
5. Trees, Shrubs and Annuals/Perennials: Provide trees, shrubs, and annuals/perennials of
quantity, size, genus, species, and variety shown and scheduled for landscape work and
complying with recommendations and requirements of ANSI Z60.1 "American Standard for
Nursery Stock". Provide healthy. vigorous stock, grown in recognized nursery in accordance
with good horticultural practice and free of disease, insects. eggs, larvae, and defects such
as knots, sun-scald. injuries, abrasions, or disfigurement. All plant material shall be
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provided from nurseries within the growing regions Zone 2-5.
6. Label each tree and shrub with securely attached waterproof tag bearing legible designation
of botanical and common name.
7. Where consecutive order or formal arrangements of trees or shrubs are shown on
construction documents, select stock for uniform height and spread, and label with number
to assure symmetry in planting. All plant materials provided must be from nurseries within
the growing regions Zones 2-5.
8. The Landscape Contractor shall not be liable for damage to or resulting from undisclosed
subsurface conditions such as, but not limited to, rock, water, clay, pans, soils and
contaminated with toxic substances or other obstacles encountered in excavation work
which are not apparent at time of bidding.
9. If plants are to be installed in areas that show obvious poor planting conditions or poor
drainage (and the plants are inappropriate for that condition) the Landscape Contractor
shall notify the Owner prior to planting. If deemed necessary, the plants shall be relocated,
or the Contract shall be adjusted to allow for drainage correction at a negotiated cost.
Failure to notify Owner of unsuitable conditions prior to planting, the Landscape Contractor
shall be responsible for plant replacements if required.
1.4 SUBMITTALS
A. General: Submit the following in accordance with Conditions of Contract and Division 1
Specification Sections where materials differ from those specified.
B. Plant and Material Certifications:
1. Certificates of inspection as required by governmental authorities
2. Manufacturer's or vendor's certified analysis for soil amendments and fertilizer materials.
3. Label data substantiating that annuals/perennials, trees, shrubs and other planting
materials comply with specified requirements.
4. Seed vendor's certified statement for each grass seed mixture required, stating botanical
and common name, percentages by weight, and percentages of purity, germination, and
weed seed for each grass seed species.
C. Maintenance Instructions: Typewritten instructions recommending procedures to be established by
Owner for maintenance of landscape work for three full years. Submit prior to expiration of
required maintenance period(s).
1.5 DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING
A. Packaged Materials: Deliver packaged materials in containers showing weight, analysis, and name
of manufacturer. Protect materials from deterioration during delivery, and while stored at site.
Landscape Contractor is responsible for proper protection for all stored materials.
B. Trees and Shrubs: Provide freshly dug trees and shrubs. Do not prune prior to delivery. Protect
bark, branches and root systems from sun scald, drying, sweating, whipping, and other
transporting damage. Do not bend or bind-tie trees or shrubs in such manner as to damage bark,
break branches, or destroy natural shape. Provide protective covering during delivery. Do not drop
trees or shrubs stock during delivery. .
C. Deliver trees and shrubs after preparations for planting have been completed and plant
immediately. If planting is delayed more than 6 hours after delivery, set trees and shrubs in shade,
protect from weather and mechanical damage, and keep roots moist by covering with mulch,
burlap or other acceptable means of retaining moisture.
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D. Do not remove container-grown stock from containers until planting time.
1.6 JOB CONDITIONS
A. Utilities: The Landscape Contractor shall notify utility companies in advance of construction to field
locate utilities. Determine location of underground utilities and perform work in a manner which will
avoid possible damage. Verify locations of any existing landscape irrigation systems. Hand
excavate, as required. Landscape Contractor shall be responsible to repair all damaged utilities
and irrigation systems due to landscape work. Maintain grade stakes set by others until removal is
mutually agreed upon by parties concerned.
1.7 SEQUENCING AND SCHEDULING
A. Planting Time: Proceed with, and complete landscape work as rapidly as portions of site become
available, working within seasonal limitations for each kind of landscape work required.
1. Plant or install materials during normal planting seasons for each type of plant material
required.
2. Correlate planting with specified maintenance periOds to provide maintenance from date of
substantial completion.
B. Coordination with Lawns: Plant trees and shrubs after final grades are established and prior to
planting of lawns. If planting of trees and shrubs occurs after lawn work, protect lawn areas and
promptly repair damage to lawns resulting from planting operations.
C. Landscape Contractor shall repair all existing improvements, to their original condition, damaged
by landscape work.
1.8 SPECIAL PROJECT WARRANTY
A. Warranty trees and shrubs through specified maintenance period, and until final acceptance.
B. Warranty trees and shrubs, for a period of one year after date of substantial completion, against
defects including death and unsatisfactory growth, except for defects resulting from neglect by
Owner, abuse or damage by others, or unusual phenomena or incidents which are beyond
Landscape Installer's control.
C. Remove and replace trees, shrubs, or other annuals/perennials found to be dead or in unhealthy
condition during warranty period. Make replacements immediately unless required to plant in the
succeeding plating season. Replace trees and shrubs which are in doubtful condition at end of
warranty period. A tree shall be considered dead when the main leader has died back, or there is
25% of the crown dead. The Landscape Contractor shall be responsible for a one-time
replacement only.
D. During the warranty period, contractor shall reset trees and shrubs to proper grades and vertical
position as required, due to settling of the root ball.
E. The Contractor shall, at no additional cost, repair damage done to walks, pavements, structures,
site improvements, other plants and lawns during plant replacements.
F. Another warranty inspection will be conducted at end of extended warranty period, if any, to
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determine acceptance or rejection. Only one replacement (per tree, shrub or plant) will be required
at end of warranty period, except for losses or replacements due to failure to comply with specified
requirements.
1.9 MAINTENANCE
A. Begin maintenance immediately after planting.
B. Maintain trees, shrubs, and other annuals/perennials until final acceptance, but in no case, less
than following period:
1. 60 days after substantial completion of planting;
C. Maintain trees, shrubs, and other annuals/perennials by pruning, cultivating, and weeding as
required for healthy growth. Restore planting saucers. Tighten and repair stake and guy supports
and reset trees and shrubs to proper grades or vertical position as required. Restore or replace
damaged wrappings. Spray as required to keep trees and shrubs free of insects and disease.
PART 2 . PRODUCTS
2.1 TOPSOIL
A. Topsoil shall be stockpiled for re-use in landscape work. If quantity of stockpiled topsoil is
insufficient, provide additional topsoil as required to complete landscape work.
B. Provide new topsoil which is fertile, friable, natural loam, surface soil, reasonably free of subsoil,
clay lumps, brush, grass, weeds and other litter, and free of roots, stumps, stones larger than one
inch (1") in any dimension, and other extraneous or toxic substance harmful to plar:'lt growth.
Topsoil shall be sandy loam in texture, with a mechanical analysis of 50-60% sand, 15-25% silt,
and 0-15% clay.
C. Obtain topsoil from local sources or from areas having similar soil characteristics to that found at
project site. Obtain topsoil only from naturally, well-drained sites where topsoil occurs in a depth of
not less than 4"; do not obtain from bogs or marshes.
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2.2 PLANTING SOIL
A. General planting areas and tree planting backfill:
1/3 Topsoil
1/3 Subsoil
1/3 Peat
B. Planting areas with "heavy soil-types": Topsoil Peat
C. Ground cover and flower beds: Topsoil Peat
2.3 SOIL AMENDMENTS
A. Lime: Natural dolomitic limestone containing not less than 85 percent of total carbonates with a
minimum of 30 percent magnesium carbonates, ground so that not less than 90 percent passes a
10-mesh sieve and not less than 50 percent passes a 100-mesh sieve.
B. Aluminum Sulfate: Commercial grade.
C. Peat Humus: Finely divided peat, so completely decomposed and free of fibers that its biological
identity is lost. Provide in granular form, free of hard lumps and with pH range suitable for intended
use.
D. Bonemeal: Commercial, raw, finely ground; 4 percent nitrogen and 20 percent phosphoric acid.
E. Superphosphate: Soluble mixture of treated minerals; 20 percent available phosphoric acid.
F. Sand: Clean, washed sand, free of toxic materials.
G. Perlite: Conforming to National Bureau of Standards PS 23.
H. Vermiculite: Horticultural grade, free of toxic substances.
I. Sawdust: Rotted sawdust, free of chips, stones, sticks, soil, or toxic substances and with 7.5
pounds of nitrogen uniformly mixed into each cubic yard of sawdust.
J. Mulch: Organic mulch free from deleterious materials and suitable for top dressing of trees,
shrubs, or annuals/perennials and consisting of one of the following:
1. Shredded hardwood
2. Bark
3. Fine Compost Mulch
K. Commercial Fertilizer: Complete fertilizer of neutral character, with some elements derived from
organic sources and containing following percentages of available plant nutrients:
1. For trees, shrubs and ground covers provide fertilizer with not less than 10% total nitrogen,
6% available phosphoric acid and 4% soluble potash. Sulfur-coated and IBDU fertilizers
shall not be used.
a. Trees and Shrubs: Slow release, 21-gram, Agriform fertilizer 20-10-5 fertilizer tablet,
by Grace Sierra Co., or approved equal.
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b.
c.
Ground covers: Use 3 Ibs. of 10:6-4 fertilizer per 100 sq. ft. of bed area.
Perennials and Annuals: Use 3 Ibs. of time-released high-phosphate fertilizer per
100 sq. ft. of bed area.
Bulbs: Use 4-8 Ibs. of bonemeal per 100 sq. ft. of bed area.
d.
2. For lawns, provide fertilizer with percentage of nitrogen required to provide not less than 1
lb. of actual nitrogen per 1000 sq. ft. of lawn area and not less than 4% phosphoric acid and
2% potassium. Provide nitrogen in a form that will be available to lawn during initial period
of growth; at least 50% of nitrogen to be in organic form.
2.4 PLANT MATERIALS
A. Plant List. A complete list of plants, including a schedule of quantities, sizes, and other
requirements is shown on the Drawings. In the event that discrepancies occur between the
quantities of plants indicated in the plant list and as indicated on the drawings, the plant quantities
indicated on the drawings shall govern.
B. Quality: Provide trees, shrubs, annuals, perennials, and other plants of size. genus, species, and
variety shown and scheduled for landscape work and complying with recommendations and
requirements of ANSI Z60.1 "American Standard. for Nursery Stock".
C. Deciduous Trees: Provide trees of height and caliper scheduled or shown and with branching
configuration recommended by ANSI Z60.1 for type and species required. Provide single stem
trees except where special forms are shown or listed.
1. Provide balled and burlapped (B&B) deciduous trees with firm natural balls of earth. free of
noxious weed matter. Broken, loose. or manufactured balls will be rejected.
2. In size grading B&B trees, caliper shall take precedence over height. Caliper of trunk shall
for trees be taken 6" above the point where the tree trunk meets the root ball, up to and
including 4" caliper size; and 12" above this point for trees larger than 4" in caliper size.
D. Deciduous Shrubs: Provide shrubs of the height shown or listed and with not less than minimum
number of canes required by ANSI Z60.1 for type and height of shrub required.
1. Provide balled and burlapped (B&B) deciduous shrubs with firm natural balls of earth, free
of noxious weed matter. Broken. loose, or manufactured balls will be rejected.
2. In size grading B&B shrubs, caliper shall take precedence over height where applicable.
Caliper of trunk shall be taken 6" above ground level, up to and including 4" caliper size;
and 12" above the ground level for shrubs larger than 4" in caliper size.
3. Provide normal quality deciduous shrubs with well balanced form complying with
requirements for other size relationships to the primary dimension shown.
E. Coniferous and Broadleafed Evergreens: Provide evergreens of sizes shown or listed. Dimensions
indicate minimum spread for spreading and semi-spreading type evergreens and height for other
types, such as globe. dwarf, cone, pyramidal, broad upright, and columnar. Provide normal quality
deciduous shrubs with well balanced form complying with requirements for other size relationships
to the primary dimension shown.
1. Provide balled and burlapped (B&B) evergreens with firm natural balls of earth, free of
noxious weed matter. Broken. loose, or manufactured balls will be rejected.
2. Container grown evergreens will be acceptable subject to specified limitations for container
grown stock.
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2.5 GROUND COVER
A. Provide healthy, vigorous, well rooted plants in removable containers or integral peat pots and with
not less than minimum number and length of runners required by ANSI Z60.1 for the pot size
shown or listed.
2.6 MISCELLANEOUS LANDSCAPE MATERIALS
A. Gravel: Water-worn, hard, durable gravel, washed free of loam, sand, clay, and other foreign
substances, and of following size range and color:
1. Size Range: 1-1/2 inches maximum, 3/4 inch minimum.
B. Anti-Erosion Mulch: Provide clean, seed-free salt hay or threshed straw of wheat, rye, oats, or
barley.
C. Anti-Desiccant: Emulsion type, film-forming agent designed to permit transpiration, but retard
excessive loss of moisture from annuals/perennials. Deliver in manufacturer's fully identified
containers and mix in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.
D. Weed Barrier Fabric: Woven or non-woven, water and air permeable filtration fabric of fiberglass
or polypropylene fabric, 3 oz. min., UV stabilized. Acceptable manufacturers:
1. DeWitt Weed Barrier
2. Phillips 66 Duon Landscape Fabric
3. Warren's Weed Arrest Mulch Underliner
4. Typar LanC:lscape Fabric
5. Or approved equal.
E. Wrapping: Tree-wrap tape not less than 4 inches wide, designed to prevent borer damage and
winter freezing.
F. Stakes and Guys: Provide stakes and deadmen of sound new hardwood, treated softwood,
redwood, free of knot holes and other defects or steel fence posts. Provide wire ties and guys of
#10 double-strand, twisted, pliable galvanized iron wire, not lighter than 12 ga. Provide not less
than 1/2 inch diameter reinforced rubber hose, cut to required lengths and of uniform color,
material, and size to protect tree trunks from damage by wires.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 PREPARATION - GENERAL
A. Layout individual tree and shrub locations and areas for multiple plantings. Stake locations and
outline areas and secure Owners acceptance before start of planting work. Make minor
adjustments as may be required.
3.2 PREPARATION OF PLANTING SOIL
A. Before mixing, clean topsoil of roots, annuals/perennials, sods, stones, clay lumps, and other
extraneous materials harmful or toxic to plant growth.
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B. Mix specified soil amendments and fertilizers with topsoil at rates specified. Delay mixing of
fertilizer if planting will not follow placing of planting soil within a few days.
1. See Section 02900, Part 2, Item 2.3 "Soil Amendments" for recommendations.
C. For pit and trench type backfill, mix planting soil prior to backfilling, and stockpile at site.
D. For planting beds and lawns, mix planting soil either prior to planting or apply on surface of topsoil
and mix thoroughly before planting;
1. Mix lime with dry soil prior to mixing of fertilizer.
2. Prevent lime from contacting roots of acid-loving annuals/perennials.
3. Apply phosphoric acid fertilizer (other than that constituting a portion of complete fertilizers)
directly to subgrade before applying planting soil and tilling.
3.3 PREPARATION OF PLANTING BEDS
A. Loosen subgrade of planting bed areas to a minimum depth of 6 inches using a culti-mulcher or
similar equipment. Remove stones measuring over 11/2 inches in any dimension. Remove sticks,
stones; rubbish, and other extraneous matter.
B. Spread planting soil mixture to minimum depth required to meet lines, grades, and elevations
shown, after light rolling and natural settlement. Place approximately 1/2 of total amount of
planting soil required. Work into top of loosened subgrade to create a transition layer, then place
remainder of the planting soil.
C. Dig beds not less than 8 inches deep and mix with specified soil amendments and fertilizers.
D. Remove 8 inches to 10 inches of soil and replace with prepared planting soil mixture.
3.4 PREPARATION OF UNCHANGED GRADES
A. Where lawns are to be planted in areas that have not been altered or disturbed by excavating,
grading, or stripping operations, prepare soil for lawn.planting as follows:
1. Prior to preparation of unchanged areas, remove existing debris, trash and
miscellaneous materials. Dispose of such material outside of Owner's property; do not
turn over into soil being prepared for lawns.
2. Till bare areas to a depth of not less than 6"; apply soil amendments and initial fertilizers as
specified; remove high areas and fill in depressions; till soil to a homogeneous mixture of
fine texture, free of lumps, clods, stones, roots and other extraneous matter.
3. Apply specified commercial fertilizer at rates specified. Delay application of fertilizer if lawn
planting will not follow within 48 hours.
4. Overseed entire area, in two directions, with slit-seeder. Apply grass seed at 3 Ibs. per
1,000 sq. ft.
5. Water lawn areas thoroughly after seeding, do not create a muddy soil condition.
6. Restore lawn areas to specified condition if eroded or otherwise disturbed after fine grading
and prior to planting.
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3.3 EXCAVATION FOR TREES AND SHRUBS
A. Excavate pits, beds, and trenches with scarified vertical sides and with bottom of excavation
generally flat. Loosen hard subsoil in bottom of excavation.
1. For bare root trees and shrubs, make excavations at least 12 inches wider than root spread
and deep enough to allow for setting of roots on a layer of compacted backfill and with
collar set at same grade level as in nursery, but 1 inch below finished grade at site.
a. Allow for 9 inch setting layer of planting soil mixture.
2. For balled and burlapped (B&B trees and shrubs), make excavations at least half again as
wide as the ball diameter and equal to the ball depth, plus following allowance for setting of
ball on a layer of compacted backfill:
a. Allow for 3 inch thick setting layer of planting soil mixture.
3. For container grown stock, excavate as specified for balled and burlapped stock, adjusted
to size of container width and depth.
B. Dispose from site, all excess subsoil removed from planting excavations.
C. Fill excavations for trees and shrubs with water and allow water to percolate out prior to planting.
3.4 PLANTING TREES AND SHRUBS
A. Set balled and burlapped (B&B) stock on layer of compacted planting soil mixture, plumb and in
center of pit or trench with top of ball at same elevation as adjacent finished landscape grades.
Remove burlap, twine, and wire from top of balls; retain on bottoms; When set, place additional
backfill around base and sides of ball, and work each layer to settle backfill and eliminate voids
and air pockets. When excavation is approximately 2/3 full, water thoroughly before placing
remainder of backfill. Repeat watering until no more water is absorbed. Water again after placing
final layer of backfill.
B. Set bare root stock on cushion of planting soil mixture. Spread roots and carefully work backfill
around roots by hand and puddle with water until backfill layers are completely saturated. Plumb
before backfilling and maintain plumb while working backfill around roots and placing layers of soil
mixture above roots. Set collar 1 inch below adjacent finish landscape grades. Spread out roots
without tangling or turning up to surface. Cut injured roots clean; do not break.
C. Remove container grown stock from container and set, as specified, for balled burlapped stock.
D. Dish top of backfill to allow for mulching.
E. Mulch pits, trenches, and planted areas. Provide not less than following thickness of mulch, and
work into top of backfill and finish level with adjacent finish grades.
1. Provide 3 inches thickness of mulch unless otherwise directed on landscape.
F. Apply anti-desiccant, using power spray, to provide an adequate film over trunks, branches,
stems, twigs and foliage.
1. If deciduous trees or shrubs are moved when in full-leaf, spray with anti-desiccant at
nursery before moving and spray again 2 weeks after planting.
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G. Water each plant thoroughly after planting.
H. Watering: Provide and maintain temporary piping, hoses, or other lawn-watering equipment to
convey water from sources and to keep plants uniformly moist to a depth of 4 inches (100 mm).
Provide a temporary watering system where a permanent system is not provided.
3.5 PRUNING AND REPAIR
A. Prune and shape trees and shrubs in accordance with standard horticultural practice. Prune trees
to retain required height and spread. Do not cut tree leaders. Remove only injured or dead
branches from flowering trees, if any. Prune shrubs to retain natural character. Do not prune plants
less than the required height and spread.
B. Remove and replace excessively pruned or misformed stock resulting from improper pruning.
C. Wrap tree trunks of 2 inches caliper and larger. Start at ground and cover trunk to height of first
branches and securely attach. Inspect tree trunks for injury, improper pruning and insect
infestation and take corrective measures before wrapping.
D.' Guy and stake trees immediately after planting, as indicated in Part 2, Item 2.7, 4 of Section
02900.
3.9 PLANTING GROUND COVER
A. Space ground cover annuals/perennials as indicated on plant schedule. In case should the
spacing exceed more than 24 inches o.c.
B. Dig holes large enough to allow for spreading of roots and backfill with planting soil. Work soil
around roots to eliminate air pockets and leave a slight saucer indentation around
annuals/perennials to hold water. Water thoroughly after planting, taking care not to cover crowns
of annuals/perennials with wet soils.
C. Mulch areas between ground cover and annuals/perennials; place not less than 3 inches thick,
fine compost mulch.
3.10 CLEANUP AND PROTECTION
A. During landscape work, keep pavements clean and work area in an orderly condition.
B. Protect landscape work and materials from damage due to landscape operations, operations by
other contractors and trades, and trespassers. Maintain protection during installation and
maintenance periods. Treat, repair, or replace damaged landscape work as directed.
END OF SECTION 02900
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SECTION 02930 - LAWNS AND GRASSES
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS
A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions
and Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.
1.2 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes the following:
1. Verifying fine grading is complete and ready to receive lawns.
2. Furnishing and applying soil amendments.
3. Furnishing and applying fertilizers.
4. Seeding new lawns.
5. Sodding new lawns
6. Reconditioning existing lawn areas.
7. Replanting unsatisfactory or damaged lawns.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. General: Submit each item in this Article according to the Conditions of the Contract and Division 1
Specification Sections where materials differ from those specified.
B. Product data for the following:
1. Fertilizers.
C. Certification of grass seed from seed vendor for each grass-seed mixture stating the botanical and
common name and percentage by weight of each species and variety, and percentage of purity,
germination and weed seed. Include the year of production and date of packaging.
1. Certification of each seed mixture for sod, identifying sod source, including name and
telephone number of supplier.
D. Certification by product manufacturer that the following products supplied comply with requirements:
1 . Fertilizers.
E. Qualification data for firms and persons specified in the uQuality Assuranceu Article to demonstrate
their capabilities and experience. Include lists of completed projects with project names and
addresses, names and address of architects and owners, and other information specified.
F. Seeding and sodding schedule indicating anticipated dates and locations for each type of activity.
1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE
A. Installer Qualifications: Engage an experienced Installer who has completed lawn installation work
similar in material, design, and extent to that indicated for this Project and with a record of
successful grass establishment. Installer is to document a minimum of five similar projects.
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1.1nstaller's Field Supervision: Require Installer to maintain an experienced full-time supervisor on
the Project site during times that grass planting is in progress.
1.5 DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING
A. Seed: Deliver seed in original sealed labeled and undamaged containers.
B. Sod: Harvest, deliver, store, and handle sod according to the requirements of the American Sod
Producers Association's (ASPA) "Specifications for Turfgrass Sod Materials and
Transplanting/Installing" .
1.6 COORDINATION AND SCHEDULING
A. Planting Season: Sow lawn seed and install sod during normal planting seasons for typed lawn
work required. General planting times fall between March 1 to May 15 and August 10 to October 15.
( Dates may vary due to weather conditions) Correlate planting with specified maintenance periods
to provide required maintenance from date of Substantial Completion.
B. Coordinate planting lawns after all planting of trees, shrubs, groundcovers, annuals and perennials
is complete. If planting of trees and shrubs occurs after lawn work, protect lawn areas and promptly
repair damage to lawns resulting from planting operations.
C. Weather Limitations: Proceed with planting only when existing and forecast weather conditions are
suitable for work.
1.7 MAINTENANCE
A. Begin maintenance of lawns immediately after each area is planted and continue until acceptable
lawn is established, but for not less than the following periods;
1. Seeded Lawns: 60 days after date of Substantial Completion.
a. When full maintenance period has not elapsed before end of planting season, or if lawn is
not fully established at that time, continue maintenance during next planting season.
2. Sodded Lawns: 30 days after date of Substantial Completion.
a. When full maintenance period has not elapsed before end of planting season, or if lawn is
not fully established at that time, continue maintenance during next planting season.
B. Maintain and establish lawns by watering, fertilizing, weeding, mowing, trimming, replanting, and
other operations. Roll, re-grade, and replant bare or eroded areas and re-mulch to produce a
uniformly smooth lawn free of eroded or bare areas.
1. Replant bare areas with same materials specified for lawns.
2. Add new mulch in areas where mulch has been disturbed bywind or maintenance operations
sufficiently to nullify its purpose. Anchor as required to prevent displacement.
C. Watering: Provide and maintain temporary piping, hoses, or other lawn-watering equipment to
convey water from sources and to keep lawns uniformly moist to a depth of 4 inches (100 mm).
Provide a temporary watering system where a permanent system is not provided.
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1. Layout temporary lawn-watering system and arrange watering schedule to prevent wilting,
puddling, erosion and displacement of seed or mulch. Layout temporary watering system to
avoid walking over muddy or newly seeded area.
2. Ensure lawns receive water at a rate of 1 inch (25 mm) per week minimum.
D. Mow lawns as soon as there is enough top growth to cut with mower set at specified height for
principal species planted. Repeat mowing as required to maintain specified height without cutting
more than 40 percent of the grass height. Remove no more than 40 percent of grass-leaf growth in
initial or subsequent mowing. Do not delay mowing until grass blades bend over and become
matted. Do not mow when grass is wet. Schedule initial and subsequent mowing to maintain
following grass height:
1. Mow grass from 2 to 3 inches (50 to 75 mm) high.
E. Post-fertilization: Apply fertilizer to lawn after first mowing and when grass is dry.
1. Use fertilizer that will provide actual nitrogen of at least 11b per 1000 sq. ft. (0.5 kg per 100 sq.
m) of lawn area.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 SEED
A. Grass Seed: Fresh, clean, dry, new-crop seed complying with the Association of Official Seed
Analysts Rules for Testing Seeds for purity and germination tolerances.
1. See Mixture: Provide seed of grass species and varieties, proportions by weight, and minimum
percentages of purity, germination, and maximum percentage of weed seed as indicated on
Schedules at the end of this Section.
2.2 SOD
A. Sod: Certified turfgrass sod complying with ASPA specifications for machine-cut thickness, size,
strength, moisture content, and mowed height, and free of weeds and undesirable native grasses.
Provide viable sod of uniform density, color, and texture of the following turfgrass species, strongly
rooted, and capable of vigorous growth and development when planted.
1 . Species: Provide sod of grass species and varieties, proportions by weight, and minimum
percentages of purity, germination, and maximum percentage of weed seed as indicated on
Schedules at the end of this Section.
2.3 FERTILIZER
A. Commercial Fertilizer: Commercial-grade complete fertilizer of neutral character, consisting of fast-
and slow-release nitrogen, 50 percent derived from natural organic sources of urea-form,
phosphorous and potassium in the following composition:
1. Composition: Nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium in amounts recommended in reports from
testing agent. (see 2.4, J)
B. Slow-Release Fertilizer: Granular fertilizer consisting of 50 percent water-insoluble nitrogen,
phosphorus, and potassium in the composition as recommended by the testing agent.
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1. Composition: Nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium in amounts recommended in reports from
testing agent.
2.4 SOIL AMENDMENTS
A. Lime: Natural dolomitic limestone containing not less than 85 percent of total carbonates with a
minimum of 30 percent magnesium carbonates, ground so that not less than 90 percent passes a
10-mesh sieve and not less than 50 percent passes a 100-mesh sieve.
B. Aluminum Sulfate: Commercial grade.
C. Peat Humus: Finely divided peat, so completely decomposed and free of fibers that its biological
identity is lost. Provide in granular form, free of hard lumps and with pH range suitable for intended
use.
D. Bonemeal: Commercial, raw, finely ground; 4 percent nitrogen and 20 percent phosphoric acid.
E. Superphosphate: Soluble mixture of treated minerals; 20 percent available phosphoric acid.
F. Sand: Clean, washed sand, free of toxic materials.
G. Perlite: Conforming to National Bureau of Standards PS 23.
H. Vermiculite: Horticultural grade, free of toxic substances.
I. Sawdust: Rotted sawdust, free of chips, stones, sticks, soil, or toxic substances and with 7.5
pounds of nitrogen uniformly mixed into each cubic yard of sawdust.
J. Commercial Fertilizer: Complete fertilizer of neutral character, with some elements derived from
organic sources and containing following percentages of available plant nutrients:
1. For lawns, provide fertilizer with percentage of nitrogen required to provide not less than 1
lb. of actual nitrogen per 1000 sq. ft. of lawn area and not less than 4% phosphoric acid and
2% potassium. Provide nitrogen in a form that will be available to lawn during initial period
of growth; at least 50% of nitrogen to be in organic form.
2.5 MULCHES
A. Straw Mulch: Provide air dry, clean, mildew and seed free, salt hay or threshed straw of wheat, rye,
oats or barley.
B. Fiber Mulch: Biodegradable dyed wood cellulose fiber mulch, nontoxic, free of plant growth or
germination inhibitors, with maximum moisture content of 15 percent and a pH range of 4.5 to 6.5.
C. Asphalt Emulsion Tackifier: Asphalt emulsion, ASTM D 977, Grade SS-1, nontoxic and free of plant
growth- or germination-inhibitors.
D. Nonasphaltic Tackifier: Colloidal tackifier recommended by fiber-mulch manufacturer for slurry
application, nontoxic and free of plant growth or germination-inhibitors.
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2.6 EROSION-CONTROL MATERIALS
A. Blankets: Biodegradable wood excelsior, straw or coconut-fiber mat enclosed in a photo-degradable
plastic mesh. Include manufacturer's recommended steel wire staples, 6 inches (150 mm) long.
B. Fiber Mesh: Biodegradable twisted jute or spun-coir mesh, 0.921b per sq. yd. (0.5 kg per sq. m)
minimum, with 50 to 65 percent open araa. Include manufacturer's recommended steel wire staples,
6 inches (150 mm) long.
C. See Section 02270, "Soil Erosion Control", for additional erosion control measures.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
A. Examine areas to receive lawns and grass for compliance with requirements and for conditions
affecting performance of work of this Section. Do not proceed with installation until unsatisfactory
conditions have been corrected.
3.2 PREPARATION FOR PLANTING LAWNS
A. Protect structures, utilities, sidewalks, pavements, and other facilities, trees, shrubs, and plantings
from damage caused by planting operations.
1. Protect adjacent and adjoining areas from hydroseed over spraying.
B. Provide erosion-control measures to prevent erosion or displacement of soils and discharge of soil-
bearing water runoff or airborne dust to adjacent properties and walkways.
C. Loosen subgrade of lawn areas toa minimum depth of 4 inches. Remove stones measuring over
1-1/2 inches in any dimension. Remove sticks, roots, rubbish, and other extraneous matter. Limit
preparation to areas that will be planted promptly after preparation.
1. Spread top soil to minimum depth of 4 inches after light rolling and natural settlement to
meet lines, grades, and elevations shown. Add specified soil amendments and mix
thoroughly into upper 4 inches of topsoil.
D. Fine grade lawn areas to smooth even surface with loose, uniformly fine texture. Roll, rake, and
drag lawn areas, removes ridges and fill depressions, as required to meet finish grades. Limit fine
grading to areas which can be planted immediately after grading. .
E. Moisten prepared lawn areas before planting if soil is dry. Water thoroughly and allow surface
moisture to dry before planting lawns. Do not create a muddy soil condition.
F. Restore lawn areas to specified condition, if eroded or otherwise disturbed, after fine grading and
prior to planting.
G. See Section 02930, Part 3, "Execution" for additional requirements.
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3.3 PLANTING SOIL PREPARATION
A. Mix fertilizers with topsoil at rates indicated by topsoil testing agency. Delay mixing fertilizer if
planting does not follow placing of fertilizer within a few days.
1. Apply super-phosphate fertilizer directly to sub-grade before tilling, at the rate indicated.
B. . Preparation of Unchanged Grades: Where lawns are to be planted in areas unaltered or undisturbed
by excavating, grading, or surface soil stripping operations, prepare soil as follows:
1. Strip existing lawns and plant materials as noted to be removed. Lawfully dispose of removed
material at off site location.
2. Apply required fertilizers and mix thoroughly into top 4 inches (100 mm) of soil.
3. Till ground to uniform surface. Ensure positive drainage from all areas.
C. Moisten prepared lawn areas before planting when soil is dry. Water thoroughly and allow surface to
dry before planting. Do not create muddy soil.
D. Restore prepared areas if eroded or otherwise disturbed after fine grading and before planting.
3.4 SEEDING NEW LAWNS
A. Sow seed with a spreader or a seeding machine. Do not broadcast or drop seed when wind velocity
exceeds 5 mph (8km/h). Evenly distribute seed by sowing equal quantities in 2 directions at right
angles to each other.
1. Do not use wet seed or seed that is moldy or otherwise damaged in transit or storage.
B. Sow seed at the following rates:
1. Seeding rate: 81b per 1000 sq. ft. (2 to 4 kg per 100 sq. m).
C. Rake seed lightly into top 1/8 inch (3mm) of topsoil, roll lightly, and water with fine spray.
D. Protect seeded slopes exceeding 1:4 against erosion with erosion-control blankets installed and
stapled according to manufacturer's recommendations.
E. Protect seeded slopes exceeding 1:6 against erosion with jute or coir-fiber erosion-control mesh
installed and stapled according to manufacturer's recommendations.
F. Protect seeded areas with slopes less than 1:6 against erosion by spreading straw mulch after
completion of seeding operations. Spread uniformly at a minimum rate of 2 tons per acre (45 kg per
100 sq. m) to form a continuous blanket 1-1/2 inches (38 mm) loose depth over seeded areas.
Spread by hand, blower or other suitable equipment.
1. Anchor straw mulch by spraying with asphalt-emulsion tackifier at the rate of 13 gal. per 1000
sq. ft. (41 to 53 L per 100 sq. m). Take precautions to prevent damage orstainingofstructures
or other plantings adjacent to mulched areas. Immediately clean damaged or stained areas.
3.5 HYDROSEEDING NEW LAWNS
A. Hydroseeding: Mix specified seed, fertilizer, and fiber mulch in water, using equipment specifically
designed for hydroseed application. Continue mixing until uniformly blended into homogeneous
slurry suitable for hydraulic application.
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1. Mix slurry with non-asphaltic tackifier.
2. Apply slurry uniformly to all areas to be seeded in a one-step process. Apply mulch at the
minimum rate of 1500 Ib per acre (16.5 kg per 100 sq. m) dry weight but not less than the rate
required to obtain specified seed-sowing rate.
3.6 SODDING NEW LAWNS
A. Lay sod within 48 hours from time of stripping. Do not plant dormant sod or if ground is frozen. Sod
shall not be laid unless soil is friable to a depth of six (6) inches.
B. Finished grade shall be raked smooth, free from depressions or undulations.
C. Rolling shall be done in two directions perpendicular to each other. After rolling, repair and re-roll
any areas where depressions or other irregularities appear in the finished grade.
D. The soil surface shall be moistened immediately before sod laying with a fine spray which will not
cause disturbance of the finished surface.
E. Sod pieces shall be fitted tightly together so that no joint is visible and shall be firmly and evenly
tamped by hand. Butt ends and sides of sod; do not stretch or overlap. Stagger sod strips or pads to
offset joints in adjacent courses. Avoid damage to sub-grade or sod during installation.
1 . Lay sod across angle of slopes exceeding 1 :3.
2. Anchor sod on slopes exceeding 1:6 with wood pegs spaced as recommended by sod
manufacturer but not less than 2 anchors per sod strip to prevent slippage. .
F. After sodding is completed and has been approved, it shall be rolled in two directions perpendicular
to each other.
G. A 25-5-20 fertilizer shall be spread on the sod at the rate of five and one-half (5.5) pounds per one
thousand (1000) square feet. Spread fertilizer after final rolling and before wateHng.
H. All sodded areas shall be watered immediately after final rolling with a fine spray to provide uniform
moisture to a depth of four (4) inches.
3.7 RECONDITIONING EXISTING LAWNS
A. Recondition existing lawn areas damaged by Contractor's operations, including storage of materials
or equipment and movement of vehicles. Also recondition lawn areas where settlement or washouts
occur or where minor re-grading is required.
B. Remove sod and vegetation from diseased or unsatisfactory lawn areas; do not bury into soil.
Remove topsoil containing foreign materials resulting from Contractor's operations, including oil
drippings, fuel spills, stone, gravel and other construction materials, and replace with new topsoil.
C. Provide fertilizer, seed or sod, and soil amendments as specified for new lawns, and as required in
Section 02930, Part 2, Item 2.4, to provide a satisfactorily reconditioned lawn.
D. Provide new topsoil, as required in Section 02900, Part 2, Item 2.1, to fill low spots and meet new
finish grades.
E. Remove diseased and unsatisfactory lawn areas; do not bury into soil. Remove topsoil containing
foreign materials resulting from Contractor's operations, including oil drippings, stone, gravel, and
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other loose building materials.
J. Where substantial lawn remains, but is thin, mow, rake, aerate if compacted, fill low spots, remove
humps, and cultivate soil, fertilize, and seed. Remove weeds before seeding, or if extensive, apply
selective chemical weed killers as required. Apply seedbed mulch, if required, to maintain moist
condition.
G. Remove waste and foreign materials, including weeds, soil cores, grass, vegetation and turf, and
legally dispose of it off of the Owner's property.
H. Till all stripped, bare, and compacted areas thoroughly to a depth of 6 inches (150 mm).
I. Apply required soil amendments and initial fertilizers and mix thoroughly into top 4 inches (100 mm)
of soil. Provide new planting soil as required to fill low spots and meet new finish grades.
J. Apply seed and protect with straw mulch as required for new lawns.
K. Water newly planted areas and keep moist until new grass is established.
3.8 PREPARATION OF UNCHANGED GRADES
A. Where lawns are to be planted in areas that have not been altered or disturbed by excavating,
grading, or stripping operations, prepare soil for lawn planting as follows:
1. Prior to preparation of unchanged areas, remove existing debris, trash and miscellaneous
materials. Dispose of such material outside of Owner's property; do not tum over into soil
being prepared for lawns.
2. Till bare areas to a depth of not less than 6 inches; apply soil amendments and initial
fertilizers as specified; remove high areas and fill in depressions; till soil to a homogeneous
mixture of fine texture, free of lumps, clods, stones, roots and other extraneous matter.
3. Apply specified commercial fertilizer at rates specified. Delay application of fertilizer if lawn
planting will not follow within 48 hours.
4. Overseed entire area, in two directions, with slit-seeder. Apply grass seed at 3 Ibs. per
1,000 sq. ft.
5. Water lawn areas thoroughly after seeding, do not create a muddy soil condition.
6. Restore lawn areas to specified condition if eroded or otherwise disturbed after fine grading
and prior to planting.
3.9 SATISFACTORY LAWN
A. Seeded lawns will be satisfactory when requirements, including maintenance, have been met and a
healthy, uniform, close stand of grass is established, free of weeds, bare spots exceeding 5 by 5
inches (125 by 125 mm), surface irregularities, not more than ten percent of total area with bare
areas larger than 5 by 5 inches, and grass height between 21/4 inches and 3 inches.
B. Sodded lawns will be satisfactory when requirements, including maintenance, have been met and
healthy, well-rooted, even-colored, viable lawn is established, free of weeds, open joints, bare areas,
and surface irregularities.
C. Replant lawns that do not meet requirements and continue maintenance until lawns are satisfactory.
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3.10 CLEANUP AND PROTECTION
A. Promptly remove soil and debris created by lawn work from paved areas. Clean wheels of vehicles
before leaving site to avoid tracking soil onto surface of roads, walks, or other paved areas.
B. Erect barricades and warning signs as required to protect newly planted areas from traffic. Maintain
barricades throughout maintenance period until lawn is established.
3.11 SEED MIXTURES SCHEDULE
A. Sun and Partial Shade: Provide certified grass-seed blends or mixes, proportioned by weight as
follows:
Min. Min Min.
Pct. Pct Pct.
ProDortion Name Germ. Pure Sd. Weed Sd.
50 pct. Kentucky bluegrass species 80 85 0.50
(Poa pratensis)
30 pct. Chewings red fescue 85 98 0.50
(Festuca rubra variety)
10 pct. Perennial rye grass 90 98 0.50
(Lolium perenne)
1 0 pct. Redtop 85 92 1.00
(Agrostis alba)
END OF SECTION 02930
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