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HomeMy WebLinkAboutMost Appropriate Use Evaluation Report_07-23-87 111 , c562r. 6320 NORTH RUCKER ROAD, SUITE D INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA 46220 (317) 257-6255 Mr. Samuel Gillespie July 23, 1987 Trammell Crow Company 8650 Commerce Park Place, Suite L Indianapolis, Indiana 46268 RE: Most Appropriate Use Evaluation of an approximate 70 acre tract situated at the Northeast Quadrant of Inter- state 465 and North Meridian Street (U.S.31) in Carmel-Clay Township, Hamilton County, Indiana Per your request, Richard E. Nichols Associates, Inc. has conducted an in- spection and analysis of the referenced property for the purpose of rendering our opinion as to the most appropriate (best) use of the subject site. Most appropriate use is defined as: MOST APPROPRIATE USE. In planning and zoning, the land use that is in the best interest of the community as a whole and will pro- mote the greatest good for the greatest number; may or may not be the highest and best use; may be a present use or a future use.* Implied within this definition is recognition of the contribution of that specific use to community environment or to community development goals in addition to financial feasibility. *Source: The Dictionary of Real Estate Appraisal, Copyright by the American Institute of Real Estate Appraisers of the NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF REAL- TORS, an Illinois Not For Profit Corporation, 1984, Page 206. APPRAISING • BROKERAGE • REAL ESTATE • COUNSELING • DEVELOPMENT In accordance with the foregoing definition, our analysis includes consid- eration of the referenced property's: 1. physical characteristics, 2. surrounding land uses, 3. demographics, 4. construction activity, 5. general economic profiles of both the Carmel community and the greater Indianapolis metropolitan area, 6. compatibility of potential development with surrounding properties. These uses have been analyzed in the context of the property's "image" lo- cation at the I-465/North Meridian Street interchange on the southwest side of the prestigious Carmel-Clay Township suburban area of Indianapolis. Many of the potential uses do not appear to reflect an appropriate "image" use for this location, while others do not appear feasible due to the site's physical constraints including extensive frontage along abutting, elevated Interstate 465, 120-foot high light standards brightly illuminating the southwesterly portion of the property, poorly drained Brookston soil types comprising the majority of the land, as well as the established single family residential housing adjoining the subject proper- ty to the north. Potential development alternatives including single fami- ly; multi-family; light industrial; and commercial uses including shopping centers, hotels/motels, commercial retail/service and office development have been evaluated. Three types of property uses are concluded to be ap- propriate for the subject site: 1. "Garden" Style High Quality Multi-Family Development. 2. Mid- to High-Rise "Luxury" Hotel Development. 3. Mid- to High-Rise Class "A" Office Development. The large site size precludes feasible development of the entire property with a mid- to high-rise luxury hotel/motel development, thus, only a small portion of the site is believed reasonably developed with such a use. In evaluating low-rise multi-family development versus mid- to high-rise of- fice development of the remainder of the property, high quality office and potential hotel/motel development is believed to be in accord with current and projected future land use trends along the Meridian corridor and such development is believed to represent a far superior "image" use than would garden style apartment developments at this prime location. Furthermore, office development would enhance the community tax base and provide a su- perior return to ownership to a greater degree than would a multi-family apartment project. MOST APPROPRIATE USE EVALUATION 1 NE QUADRANT 1-465 & MERIDIAN STREET PAGE 2 i HAMILTON COUNTY, INDIANA The conclusion of office and potential hotel/motel development of the site to be the most appropriate use of the property would necessitate a revision of current zoning. The most appropriate zoning classification is believed reflected by the B-6 zoning district classification which appears appropri- ate considering the subject site's location adjoining U.S. 31 and Inter- state 465, its resulting high commercial potential, and its accessibility not only from U.S.31 but also from College Avenue and Pennsylvania Street. The most appropriate use of the subject site is concluded to be a Class A mid- to high-rise office development which might potentially incorporate a "luxury" hotel/motel. Factors considered in the determination of the most appropriate use of the subject site are summarized in the following analy- sis. MOST APPROPRIATE USE EVALUATION NE QUADRANT I-465 & MERIDIAN STREET PAGE 3 HAMILTON COUNTY, INDIANA QUALIFICATIONS OF RICHARD E. NICHOLS MAI, SREA, ASA, SR/WA EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND - M.S. Degree, Purdue University - B.S. Degree, University of Illinois - Real Estate Appraisal Examinations Nos. 1, 2, 3, 12, 14, and 16; American Institute of Real Estate Appraisers - Appraisal Principles and Techniques, Apartment Appraisal Course, Special Application of Statistical Analysis; Society of Real Estate Appraisers - Rural Appraisal Course; American Society of Farm Managers and Rural Appraisers - Real Estate Principles and Real Estate Law; Indiana University, Indianapolis Campus - Basic Commercial and Investment Course, Commercial and Investment Course I, Investment Property Exchange and Taxation Course I; National Institute of Real Estate Brokers - Courses 226 and 228, Lincoln Institute of Land Policy. - Federal Home Loan Bank Board Seminars sponsored by Society of Real Estate Appraisers; Memorandum R-41b (1985) and Memorandum R-41c (1986) PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE - Appraiser Trainee, Staff Appraiser, Review Appraiser, Assistant Chief Appraiser for the Indiana State Highway Commission. - Independent Fee Appraiser since 1965. - Representative clients have included individuals, attorneys, corporations, banks, lending institutions, mortgage bankers, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan Highway Departments, Urban Renewal agencies, redevelopment and public housing authorities, U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, National Park Service, Indiana Attorney General, Indiana Department of Natural Resources. - Types of properties appraised include residential, commercial, industrial, rural and special purpose. - Court testimony on numerous occasions in fourteen Counties in Indiana, twenty in Illinois, fourteen in Wisconsin and Federal Court in Indiana. - Have participated in real estate development, brokerage, syndication, counseling and property management. TEACHING EXPERIENCE - Appraisal of Real Estate, Indiana University Extension; Real Estate Investment, Indiana-Purdue, Indianapolis Campus; Indiana Real Estate Salesmen's Course, Indiana University; Course 101, 201 and Narrative Report Writing Seminars, Society of Real Estate Appraisers; Instructor of Farm Appraisal Course at Purdue University in West Lafayette; Qualified Instructor, Memorandum R-41c; plus participation in various professional seminars. MEMBER - American Institute of Real Estate Appraisers (MAI); Senior Real Estate Analyst Appraiser (SREA), Society of Real Estate Appraisers; Senior Member American Society of Appraisers (ASA); Senior Member American Right-of-Way Association (SR/WA); Member, Real Estate Counseling Group of America, Inc.; Associate Member of Indiana Society of Farm Managers and Rural Appraisers; Member, Metropolitan Indianapolis Board of REALTORS and Indiana Association of REALTORS, The REALTORS Association of the National Association of Brokers, The Urban Land Institute and member Rotary Club International. - Licensed Real Estate Broker in Indiana and Illinois. OFFICES AND COMMITTEES - Past President Indiana Chapter 27 American Institute of Real Estate Appraisers, Past Member National Certification and Professional Recognition Committee, AIREA. - Past President Central Indiana Chapter 5 Society of Real Estate Appraisers, past Chairman National Education Committee, past Governor District 24 and member Executive Committee, past Vice President for Education Sector, past Vice President for Administration Sector, past President-Elect, past President of the International Society of Real Estate Appraisers, and member of the Public Affairs Committee. - Past Director, Indiana Chapter American Society of Appraisers. - Past Treasurer, Metropolitan Indianapolis Board of REALTORS. MOST APPROPRIATE USE EVALUATION NE QUADRANT I-465 & MERIDIAN STREET PAGE 4 HAMILTON COUNTY, INDIANA I I COMMUNITY ANALYSIS The subject property is located on the southwest side of the city of Carmel, in the southwestern quarter of Clay Township, Hamilton County, Indiana. ' Hamilton County is the northernmost county included in the eight counties comprising the Indianapolis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) . The city of Carmel is located immediately north of 1-465 (the circumferential freeway serving the city of Indianapolis) and is addition- ally served by U.S. 31, a major north/south highway extending across the state; State Highway 431, a north/south highway; and State Highway 234, which extends through Carmel in an east/west direction. The past two decades reflect a tremendous influx of higher-income families into the southern portion of Hamilton County, most notably in or near the city of Carmel. This influx is reflected in both population figures and mean income rates of growth. The following table is an analysis of popula- tion growth within the Indianapolis MSA by county and further indicates a breakdown of the Clay Township and City of Carmel civil units within south- ern Hamilton County. POPULATION GROWTH--INDIANAPOLIS MSA BY COUNTY --1960 through 1980-- Census Years 1960 1970 % Change 1980 % Change (1960-70) (1970-80) Total MSA 944,475 1,111,173 17.6% 1,166,929 5.0% Counties: Marion 697,567 792,299 13.6 765,233 - 3.4 Boone 27,543 30,870 12.1 36,446 18.1 Hancock 20,665 35,096 69.8 43,939 25.2 Hendricks 40,896 53,974 32.0 69,804 29.3 Johnson 43,704 61,138 39.9 77,240 26.3 Morgan 33,874 44,176 30.4 51,999 17.7 Shelby 34,093 37,797 10.9 39,887 5.5 HAMILTON 40,132 54,532 35.9 82,382 51.1 CLAY TOWNSHIP 10,215 19,518 91.1 32,795 68.0 (Includes Carmel) CITY OF CARMEL 1,442 6,578 356.2 18,272 177.8 (Source: U.S. Bureau of Census) Hamilton County has clearly sustained the largest rate of growth between 1970 and 1980 and one of the highest rates of growth during the 1960's. The extraordinary growth of Hamilton County has occurred primarily in Clay Township, which is the southwesternmost township and the location of the city of Carmel. Carmel's growth is directly attributable to its location as a suburban community at the northern edge of Indianapolis and community leaders' efforts to maintain high quality services. The movement to this area has been heightened by the excellent reputation of its school systems and high quality residential subdivisions and has been facilitated by an excellent street and highway system connecting Carmel with the Indianapolis metropolitan area. HOST APPROPRIATE USE EVALUATION NE QUADRANT I-465 & MERIDIAN STREET PAGE 5 HAMILTON COUNTY, INDIANA Further insight into the affluence of Hamilton County's population is pro- vided by analysis of average household effective buying incomes as dis- played on the following chart: AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD EFFECTIVE BUYING INCOMES HAMILTON COUNTY, MARION COUNTY AND INDIANAPOLIS MSA --12/31/85 AND 12/31/90-- AS COMPARED WITH THE UNITED STATES AND THE STATE OF INDIANA 12/31/85 12/31/90 % Change Hamilton County $37,985 $52,948 +63.1% Marion County 32,344 50,049 +52.2 Indianapolis MSA 32,561 48,701 +52.7 Indiana 29,681 43,086 +47.4 United States 31,674 44,592 +49.5 SOURCE: Sales & Marketing Management's "Survey of Buying Power, Part II," October 1986 As shown by the foregoing chart, Hamilton County evidences the highest av- erage household effective buying incomes within the Indianapolis MSA and is decidedly superior in comparison to state and national averages. Estimates through 1990 indicate that Hamilton County will retain its comparative po- sition in the near future. As the city of Carmel and the surrounding area continue to increase rapidly in population, and as a large complement of high-income families moves into this area, many commercial ventures have been locally established. U.S. Highway 31 forms the major north-south traffic artery and property fronting on U.S. 31 has been planned as a "commercial corridor," conducive to com- mercial development, particularly high-rise office use. The intersection of U.S. 31 with 116th Street has become, in recent years, the site of a substantial amount of both general office buildings as well as corporate headquarter office development. Corporations establishing headquarters in this area desire an "image" location gained through proximity to the city of Indianapolis in the prestigious Carmel area. These include Hewlett-Packard, Delta Faucet, and Indiana Farmer's Mutual Insurance Compa- ny, all situated on U.S. 31 between 106th Street and 116th Street. General office developments along U.S. 31 include the Meridian Mark Office Complex at the northeast corner of 116th Street, the Meridian on the Green Office Complex at the southeast corner of 103rd Street, Fidelity Bank Plaza at the southwest corner of 116th Street, Penn Mark Plaza at the southeast corner of 116th, and the currently developing Meridian Technology Center (which also includes industrial uses) at 116th and Pennsylvania Streets. Addi- tionally, the northwest quadrant of I-465 and U.S. 31 has been recently rezoned for mixed use commercial development and all indications suggest the Meridian Corridor will continue to develop with high quality commercial uses. MOST APPROPRIATE USE EVALUATION NE QUADRANT I-465 & MERIDIAN STREET PAGE 6 t) '' HAMILTON COUNTY, INDIANA I SITE CHARACTERISTICS The subject site is situated at the northeast corner of the intersection of North Meridian Street (U.S. 31) and Interstate 465 on the southwest side of the rapidly growing community of Carmel. Containing about 70 gross acres, the site is irregular in shape but has approximately 3,200 feet of frontage along Interstate 465, 500 feet of frontage on North Meridian Street, as well as approximately 900 feet of frontage on College Avenue. Although Interstate 465 is a limited access multi-lane divided highway, access char- acteristics provided by both Meridian Street (a four-lane divided highway) as well as College Avenue (a four-lane undivided major north-south tho- roughfare) are good. Additionally, Pennsylvania Street, a secondary north-south traffic facility in this area, is presently being extended to the far northwest portion of the subject site. According to available topographic maps, the site has a generally level to gently rolling topography ranging from approximately 830 to 845 feet above sea level. Presently, the tract is predominantly heavily wooded with ma- ture trees generally reflecting heights above 20 feet. Examination of the Federal Emergency Management Agency's Flood Hazard Maps indicates no por- tion of the property to be situated within a designated 100-year flood plain; however, the site is bisected in a northwest-southeast direction by an intermittent drainageway. According to the Soil Survey of Hamilton County, Indiana, prepared by the United States Department of Agricul- ture--Soil Conservation Service, soil types comprising the subject site consist of approximately 30% Crosby silt loam and 70% Brookston silty clay loam. These soil types are ubiquitous within both Hamilton and Marion Counties and present no substantial obstacle to urban development with proper site engineering; however, Brookston silty clay loam is a naturally poorly drained soil and does generally require significant site preparation to alleviate drainage problems. SURROUNDING LAND USE Surrounding development presently consists of an automobile dealership north of the subject on U.S. 31 and single family residential uses to the north and east (across College Avenue) from the subject. The residential developments are generally comprised of single family dwellings constructed during the 1950's and 1960's. Examination of recent listings and sales of properties in this area indicates values generally ranging between $60,000 and $90,000. The site is bound to the west by Meridian Street (U.S. 31) which is the original north-south highway serving the state of Indiana, and serves as the base line from which all east and west street numbers originate in the Indianapolis metropolitan area. Meridian Street is perhaps the best known and most prestigious traffic artery in the Indianapolis metropolitan area as this thoroughfare was originally developed in Marion County with some of the largest and most luxurious residences which were occupied by the most prominent citizens during the early formative years of the city of Indianapolis. MOST APPROPRIATE USE EVALUATION NE QUADRANT 1-465 & MERIDIAN STREET PAGE 7 HAMILTON COUNTY, INDIANA Across Meridian Street from the subject is currently vacant land which has been recently rezoned for mixed use commercial development inclusive of multi-story office and hotel proposed uses. South of the subject is Inter- state 465, the circumferential highway serving the city of Indianapolis. This extremely heavily traveled thoroughfare is generally level with, or elevated approximately 5 to 10 feet above, the subject site but rises to elevations of up to 35 feet above the subject at the interchange with Meridian Street and is also 15 to 20 feet above the subject at the College Avenue overpass. Across Interstate 465 from the subject property is pre- dominantly vacant land which is reportedly being considered for development with commercial office and retail structures by a major local developer. The interchange of 1-465 and North Meridian Street serves as the main arte- rial intersection of the North Meridian commercial corridor and is brightly illuminated by 120-foot high light standards. According to the Indiana De- partment of Highways, the most recent traffic counts (1984 for Marion Coun- ty and 1985 for Hamilton County) for these major traffic arteries abutting the subject property are as follows: Average Annual Daily Traffic Count Meridian Street 96th Street to Interstate 465 31,300 Interstate 465 to 116th Street 30,600 Interstate 465 U.S.421 to Meridian Street 57,450 Meridian Street to U.S.431 57,030 The traffic volumes of these highways are undoubtedly increasing as a re- sult of the population growth of Carmel and Hamilton County and particular- ly the commercial development along the Meridian Corridor. Although rumors have been generated as to revision of the current interchange configuration to help alleviate traffic congestion, such does not appear probable in the near future. MOST APPROPRIATE USE EVALUATION NE QUADRANT I-465 & MERIDIAN STREET PAGE 8 I HAMILTON COUNTY, INDIANA SUMMARY OF PHYSICAL AND LOCATIONAL ATTRIBUTES The physical and locational characteristics of the subject property are summarized as follows: 1. General Location: Excellent--Carmel and Clay Township are regarded as having one of the finest school systems and contain some of the highest quality residential subdivisions and commercial office devel- opment within the Indianapolis metropolitan statistical area. 2. Specific Location: Excellent--interchange of North Meridian Street and Interstate 465 is one of the most readily recognized locations within the Indianapolis MSA, serving as the arterial focal point of the North Meridian commercial corridor. 3. General Site Characteristics: Good overall site size of approximate- ly 70 acres. Configuration irregular with overall east-west depth to north-south width ratio estimated at approximately 5:1. Topography generally level to gently rolling and tract is predominantly wooded. Access characteristics very good with potential access from North Meridian Street, Pennsylvania Street, and College Avenue. 4. Specific Site Constraints: Interstate 465 forms south boundary of subject site and abutting highway grade is up to 35 feet above sub- ject's ground elevation. Southwest portion of site is brightly illuminated by 120-foot high lighting standards at 1-465 and Meridian Street interchange. While the ample exposure of the property would typically be positive for commercial development; traffic noise and lack of privacy, combined with portions of the adjoining highway be- ing elevated are not conducive to residential use. Furthermore, poorly drained Brookston soils comprise approximately 70% of site and will require extensive development planning and engineering to alle- viate potential drainage problems. PROBABLE USE ANALYSIS While the commercially developing nature of the Meridian corridor immedi- ately suggests similar commercial utilization of the subject site, alterna- tive uses must necessarily be considered. In order to establish reasonable potential uses for the subject site, land uses at all other Interstate 465 interchanges have been identified as summarized on the following table: MOST APPROPRIATE USE EVALUATION NE QUADRANT I-465 & MERIDIAN STREET PAGE 9 /I HAMILTON COUNTY, INDIANA INTERCHANGE NORTHEAST QUADRANT SOUTHEAST QUADRANT SOUTHWEST QUADRANT NORTHWEST QUADRANT I-465 6 Meridian Street Subject Property Vacant (Proposed Vacant (Proposed Church/Vacant (Proposed Commercial Development) Commercial Development) Commercial Development) I-465 & Keystone Avenue Commercial Retail/Service Keystone at the Crossing Church/Vacant Commercial Retail/Service Commercial Development I-465 6 Allisonville Road Shopping Center Shopping Center Motel/Restaurants Commercial Retail/Apts. I-465 6 1-69 Condo./Lt. Industrial Office Development Apts./Lt.Industrial Lt. Industrial/Offices I-465 6 East 56th Street Apartments Apartments Apartments Apartments I-465 6 Pendleton Pike Motel/Commercial Motel Single-Family Single-Family Service I-465 i I-70 Single-Family Single-Family Motels/Restaurants Industrial I-465 6 Brookville Road Single-Family Agricultural Vacant (Floodway) Single-Family/ Commercial 1-465 6 I-74 Industrial Agricultural Agricultural Agricultural I-465 & I-65 Apartments Apartments Single-Family Apartments I-465 6 Emerson Avenue Motels/Commercial Motel/Restaurants Motel/Restaurants Single-Family Service I-465 6 East Street Mini-Warehouse Motels/Commercial Restaurant, Motels/ Shopping Center Service Single Family 1-465 i State Road 37 Truck Stop/Motel Industrial Vacant/Industrial Truck Stop 1-465 4 1-70 Park Fletcher Single-Family/Vacant Single-Family Airport Industrial Development I-465 4 Kentucky Ave. (SR 67) Single-Family Single-Family Commercial Service Industrial I-465 6 Washington Street Apts./Commercial Commercial Service/ Commercial Service/ Shopping Center Service Single-Family Single-Family 1-465 6 Airport Expressway Park Fletcher Park Fletcher Motels Airport Industrial Development Commercial Development I-465 6 10th Street Single-Family Hospital Office Single-Family 1-465 6 Rockville Road Apts./Shopping Center Single-Family Apts./Restaurant Single-Family 1-465 6 38th Street Shopping Center/ Motel/Restaurant Vacant (Proposed Commercial Commercial Commercial Development) I-465 & I-74 Motel/Apartments Motel/Apartments Office/Motel Vacant 1-465 4 I-65 Single-Family Single-Family/Vacant Eagle Creek Park Eagle Creek Park I-465 6 71st Street Retail Service/ Office/Commercial Vacant (Proposed Agricultural Commercial Commercial Development) I-465 6 B6th Street Commercial Service Park 100 Commercial/ Single-Family Single-Family Industrial (Undeveloped) (Undeveloped) 1-465 4 Michigan Road Motels Motel/Restaurant Hotels Vacant/Lt. Industrial MOST APPROPRIATE USE EVALUATION NE QUADRANT I-465 & MERIDIAN STREET PAGE 10 40 HAMILTON COUNTY, INDIANA 1 Analysis of the existing land uses at other Interstate 465 interchange lo- cations in Indianapolis indicates a variety of residential, commercial, and industrial developments. Each of these potential uses of the subject site are discussed in relation to the subject property's physical and locational attributes as follows: Single Family Development The single family developments identified as being situated at various Interstate 465 interchanges virtually all consist of relatively high densi- ty "tract" style developments containing dwellings which were generally constructed during the 1950's and 1960's and which reflect minimum standard construction quality and materials. These developments are generally occu- pied by low to middle income "blue collar" residents and the developments are generally devoid of aesthetic amenities such as ponds/lakes and/or un- developed wooded or open "green" areas. Important to note is that all of these developments were in place at the time of construction of Interstate 465 and that no single family residential development at an interchange lo- cation is known to have occurred since the completion of this circumferential beltway. Recognizing that the predominant portion of the subject site (all of the land east of a point 600 feet east of Meridian Street) is currently zoned S-2 Residence District (Low Density Single Family Development) and that the site was, in fact, platted into small single family lots, residential de- velopment of the subject site must necessarily be considered. However, the type of residential development reflected at other Interstate 465 inter- change locations would not appear to be an appropriate use of the subject site given the property's prestigious location at an extremely well-recognized intersection of two of the most prominent roadways serving the northerly portion of the Indianapolis metropolitan area. It is doubt- ful that the community of Carmel, which is well known for high quality res- idential development, would be desirous of minimum standard residential construction at this heavily traveled intersection. Similarly, while mobile home development appears physically feasible, such developments do not convey a high quality community image. The financial feasibility of mobile homes or moderate cost single family dwelling devel- opments also appears questionable as neither Carmel nor the northern por- tion of Indianapolis contain a substantial number of "blue collar" employ- ment opportunities which might be expected to be attracted to such a devel- opment. Furthermore, the poorly drained Brookston soil types comprising the majority of the site are projected to necessitate substantial develop- ment planning and engineering inclusive of one or more retention ponds to insure adequate surface and internal drainage. Combining the probable site engineering which would be required with the extremely high land values created by the strong level of developer demand for land in the Carmel com- munity substantially reduces the economic viability of relatively low cost single family dwelling or mobile home park housing in this location. Fi- nally, it is doubtful that surrounding residential development would be amenable to such utilization of the subject site as housing of inferior quality could lower residential property values of existing, nearby resi- dential properties. MOST APPROPRIATE USE EVALUATION NE QUADRANT 1-465 & MERIDIAN STREET PAGE 11 40 '' HAMILTON COUNTY, INDIANA ' As high density, low to moderate priced housing does not appear to be a reasonable or desirable use of the site, alternative single family residen- tial development potential use is considered. Although high quality, low density development should be acceptable to both the community-at-large and the adjoining residential development in partic- ular; the presence of Interstate 465 is believed to negate the possibility of successful development. High quality "luxury" residential dwellings are not typically situated along the interstate system serving Indianapolis and certainly not at any of the interchange locations of Interstate 465. Such developments require privacy and exclusivity and the subject site's large and narrow configuration with 3,200 feet of frontage along an elevated interstate highway precludes successful creation of these necessary ameni- ties. While more median priced subdivisions are found to be sporadically located adjoining the interstate, such developments typically do not re- flect a substantial amount of frontage along the interstate, nor is the interstate generally elevated to any significant degree at these locations, thus, through utilization of earth mounds, trees, and privacy fencing, the detrimental impact of the heavily traveled adjoining highway is generally minimized. Such would not be economically feasible as regards the subject site due to the extensive amount of highway road frontage. Furthermore, Interstate 465 is elevated approximately 20 to 35 feet above the subject at the east and west ends of the property and 120-foot high light standards are located at the I-465/U.S. 31 interchange. As such, it would appear un- likely that median or high priced single family dwellings would be saleable at this location and, therefore, such is not considered to represent a probable or financially feasible use. Multi-Family Development Various interchange locations of the Interstate 465 "beltway" reflect mul- ti-family development. With the exception of one condominium community situated at the intersection of Interstates 69 and 465, the remainder of these multi-family developments consist of apartment projects. The condo- minium development is of modular construction and has had an extremely troubled operational history since its inception, the majority of units be- ing rented when lack of demand for ownership became apparent. As noted within the discussion of potential single family development, the highly recognized interchange location and the subject site's ample exposure along Interstate 465, as well as the existing single family residential base to the north and northeast, would not indicate a low to moderate quality mul- ti-family condominium usage to be acceptable from a community or adjoining land owner viewpoint. Also as noted within the discussion of potential single family use, median to high priced condominium development would not appear probable due to the elevated nature of the interstate highway and the extreme high volume of traffic and resulting vehicular noise which would generally be perceived as adverse to middle to high income property owners. MOST APPROPRIATE USE EVALUATION NE QUADRANT 1-465 & MERIDIAN STREET PAGE 12 11 '' HAMILTON COUNTY, INDIANA ' Multi-family apartment development upon the subject site does appear viable as several of the apartment projects identified at other Interstate 465 in- terchange locations have been developed since the interstate's construction and are apparently economically viable. However, lower quality mul- ti-family apartments do not appear appropriate due to the site's ample ex- posure/visibility and the property's I-465/U.S. 31 "image" location as re- gards the Carmel community. Lower quality multi-family apartments would also not appear cohesive with the existing adjoining single family develop- ment. Although mid-quality multi-family apartment construction would also not appear appropriate due to the "image" location and might also be found objectionable by adjoining single family owners, high quality "luxury" apartment construction might well be considered to reflect an appropriate image for the community. Such should not be highly objectionable to ad- joining single family ownerships, assuming proper site planning and engin- eering which would logically include the northerly property line of the site being left relatively densely wooded to provide a buffer from the ad- joining single family residences. High quality, adults only apartments have been successfully developed in the northwest quadrant of I-465 and Allisonville Road indicating higher income, non-family renters do not find proximity of interstate highways to be as objectionable as do higher income family renters or property owners. However, important to note is that no truly viable high-rise apartments have been developed in suburban locations in the Indianapolis metropolitan area and, therefore, a luxury multi-family apartment project on the subject site would most likely consist of a two- or three-story "garden" style development. Density of such developments in the Indianapolis MSA generally range between 10 and 15 units per gross acre and unit sizes typically average 800 to 900 square feet. Although such de- velopment would not truly take advantage of the site's highly visible loca- tion and would therefore not maximize the community's positive image to traffic on the abutting highways, such is believed to be a feasible use of the site, although the long, relatively narrow axis of the site parallel with the interstate renders amenity creation difficult. Industrial Development A wide variety of industrial uses are identified at various Interstate 465 interchange locations around Indianapolis. Although the subject site's characteristics appear readily conducive for industrial use, industrial de- velopment is not considered compatible with the perceived "image" location of the subject property, nor is industrial development believed harmonious with the adjoining single family residential dwellings. Although high quality quasi-commercial/industrial type uses such as "Type I" of- fice/warehouse structures might be considered visually acceptable and rea- sonably compatible with appropriate site perimeter screening, such uses typically generate a substantial volume of truck traffic which is believed detrimental to the character of the surrounding area. As such, industrial use is not believed to reflect an appropriate use from a community stand- point. MOST APPROPRIATE USE EVALUATION NE QUADRANT 1-465 & MERIDIAN STREET PAGE 13 ,I HAMILTON COUNTY, INDIANA Commercial Development The majority of the Interstate 465 interchange locations within the Indianapolis MSA have been developed with commercial uses including office developments, shopping centers, and general retail/service uses inclusive of motels, restaurants, free standing retail establishments, etc. Commer- cial development would directly benefit from the site's abundant Interstate 465 exposure, however, shopping center and general service/retail type de- velopments are typically one-story in height in suburban locations in Indianapolis. Therefore, such uses do not generally provide high visibili- ty identity without utilization of highly elevated, lighted signage. Ele- vated lighted signage is not typically perceived as reflecting high quality development as such identification signs are generally associated with "truck stop" type developments and/or gasoline service stations, fast food restaurants, and transient roadside motel type uses; none of which are be- lieved to reflect an appropriate "image" for this location. Furthermore, although retail development could be reasonably effectively screened from adjoining residential land uses through incorporation of an undeveloped buffer strip along the north property line of the subject site, elevated lighted signage might be considered objectionable to surrounding residences and retail development tends to generate the highest traffic volume of any type of potential use. Considering the site's configuration, such could create extreme traffic congestion at the three identified access points. Motel development is observed at many of the Interstate 465 interchanges. Although the majority of these facilities tend to be low rise "budget" or "economy" type facilities, and such are not envisioned as being appropriate at the subject location, the marketplace does exhibit successful mid- to high-rise "luxury" hotel/motel interchange developments and such would be compatible with the perceived "image" location of the subject property. However, such developments typically require site areas of less than 10 acres and the subject's site area of 70 acres would therefore require ac- companying development in addition to "luxury" hotel/motel construction. The most probable co-existive use is considered to be mid- to high-rise "Class A" office development. Good quality multi-story office buildings would be highly visible from Interstate 465 and should provide a positive community image to the interstate traveler. Mid- to high-rise office de- velopment would also certainly be in conformity with current and future planned development along the Meridian corridor. Finally, multi-story of- fice construction would also allow for substantial portions of the site to remain naturally wooded or as "green" open areas, as well as a wide, wooded buffer strip along the north property line in order to buffer the adjoining single family residences to the north form potential development. There- fore, no measurable surrounding property value diminution is projected to result. Incorporation of a wooded buffer strip along the north property line should reasonably segregate the different property uses both physical- ly and visually. Furthermore, it is noted that values and marketability of single family property values in the Northern Heights development on 116th Street just east of U.S. 31 have reportedly not suffered despite the sub- stantial mid- and high-rise office development at the U.S. 31/116th Street intersection. MOST APPROPRIATE USE EVALUATION NE QUADRANT I-465 & MERIDIAN STREET PAGE 14 ,i HAMILTON COUNTY, INDIANA MOST APPROPRIATE USE ALTERNATIVES/TRAFFIC ANALYSIS After analyzing potential development alternatives including single family; multi-family; light industrial; and commercial uses including shopping cen- ters, hotels/motels, commercial retail/service and office development; three types of property use are concluded to be appropriate for the subject site. These three perceived appropriate uses are enumerated as follows: 1. "Garden" Style High Quality Multi-Family Development. 2. Mid- to High-Rise "Luxury" Hotel Development. 3. Mid- to High-Rise Class "A" Office Development. While mid- to high-rise luxury hotel/motel development is perceived to be appropriate, the site size of approximately 70 acres precludes feasible de- velopment of the entire property with such a use, thus, only a small por- tion of the site (most likely the actual interchange location of 1-465 and U.S. 31) is believed reasonably developed with such a use. in evaluating low-rise multi-family development versus mid- to high-rise office development of the remainder of the subject property, consideration is given to the amount of traffic which would be generated by such uses. According to the Institute of Transportation Engineers Information Report-- "Trip Generation" Third Edition, 1982--low-rise apartments generate an av- erage daily trip rate (weighted average of the number of trips entering plus all trips leaving) of 6.6 trips per unit. Assuming a typical development density of 10 to 15 units per gross acre, say 12.5 units per gross acre, indicates 875 potential units. At an aver- age daily trip rate of 6.6 per unit, the resulting daily vehicular trips is computed at 5,775. Comparatively, general office use is indicated to gen- erate 12.3 trips per 1,000 square feet of gross leasable area. An office development of similar size as the hypothetical multi-family development (assuming 850 square foot average multi-family unit size) would result in a total project size of 743,750 square feet. Application of an average daily rate of 12.3 trips per 1,000 square feet of gross leasable area results in 9,148 projected daily trips. In order for the comparison to have validity, it must be recognized that traffic volume for apartment usage extends throughout the week while traffic volume for office usage is virtually all concentrated during a five day week. Application of the apartment daily rate to a seven day week results in a weekly volume of 40,425 in comparison to a five day week volume for office usage of 45,740. Although office de- velopment is indicated to generate a somewhat higher volume of traffic than would a luxury multi-family apartment project, adjoining residential owners might find concentrated traffic during the work week to be preferable to increased traffic on weekends when owners would typically be desirous of quiet enjoyment of their properties. MOST APPROPRIATE USE EVALUATION NE QUADRANT 1-465 & MERIDIAN STREET PAGE 15 HAMILTON COUNTY, INDIANA MOST APPROPRIATE USE CONCLUSION The most appropriate use of the subject site is believed to be represented by a Class A mid- to high-rise office development which might potentially incorporate a "luxury" hotel/motel. High quality office and potential ho- tel/motel development is believed to be in accord with current and project- ed future land use trends along the Meridian corridor and such development is believed to represent a far superior "image" use than would garden style apartment developments at this prime location. Furthermore, office devel- opment would provide a greater return to ownership and also enhance the community's tax base to a much greater degree than would a multi-family apartment project. Recognizing that most appropriate use as previously de- fined includes consideration of the contribution a specific use will have to community environment or community development goals, office and possi- ble hotel/motel use is believed to most appropriately reflect the most ap- propriate use of the subject property. The conclusion of office and potential hotel/motel development of the site to be the most appropriate use of the property would necessitate the prop- erty's current zoning be revised. It is believed an appropriate zoning classification for the subject site would be reflected by the B-6 zoning district classification as defined within the Zoning and Subdivision Con- trol Ordinance: City of Carmel, Indiana; Ordinance No. 2-160; January 21, 1980. The B-6 zoning district is established "to provide a location for light commercial and office uses adjacent to limited access highways. The intent is to permit these uses to develop in an area of high commercial po- tential utilizing access roads and existing secondary streets and roads buffering surrounding residential uses." The B-6 classification appears appropriate for the subject property consid- ering its location adjoining U.S.31 and Interstate 465, its resulting high commercial potential, and its accessibility not only from U.S.31 but also from College Avenue and Pennsylvania Street. Thank you for this opportunity to be of service. Should you have any ques- tions or require additional information pursuant to this analysis, please so advise. Sincerely, RICHARD E. NICHOLS ASSOCIATES, INC. 1/1 4 Richard E. Nichols MAI, SREA, ASA, SR/WA REN:ss Our Ref. ##8781 MOST APPROPRIATE USE EVALUATION NE QUADRANT I-465 & MERIDIAN STREET PAGE 16 HAMILTON COUNTY, INDIANA CERTIFICATION I, Richard E. Nichols, certify that, to the best of my knowledge and be- lief. . . - the statements of fact contained in this letter analysis are true and correct. - the reported analyses, opinions, and conclusions are limited only by the reported assumptions and limiting conditions, and are my person- al, unbiased professional analyses, opinions, and conclusions. - I have no present or prospective interest in the property that is the subject of this letter analysis, and I have no personal interest or bias with respect to the parties involved. my compensation is not contingent on .an action or event resulting from the analyses, opinions, or conclusions in, or the use of, this letter analysis. my analyses, opinions, and conclusions were developed, and this let- ter analysis has been prepared, in conformity with the requirements of the Code of Professional Ethics and the Standards of Professional Practice of the American Institute of Real Estate Appraisers. - The use of this letter analysis is subject to the requirements of the American Institute of Real Estate Appraisers relating to review by its duly authorized representatives. I am currently certified under the voluntary continuing education program of the American Institute of Real Estate Appraisers. I am also currently certified under the Society of Real Estate Appraisers Continuing Education Program through December 15, 1990. - I have made a personal inspection of the property that is the subject of this letter analysis. - Randy L. Weyland, SRPA, provided professional assistance to the un- dersigned in developing this letter analysis. 'sq.!e Richard E. Nicho s MAI, SREA, ASA, SR/WA MOST APPROPRIATE USE EVALUATION NE QUADRANT I-465 & MERIDIAN STREET PAGE 17 HAMILTON COUNTY, INDIANA 4 10 i (f11 .) s�R,EA .7 ...:....0,-., sRi, s7,) The international Society of Real Estate Appraisers has authorized RICHARD E. NICHOLS to include the Senior Real Estate Analyst (SREA) designation in his/her professional credentials through December 15, 1990 Senior Real Estate Analysts (SREA) are pro- Certification procedures require a compre- fessional members of the Society of Real Es- hensive oral examination by an examination tate Appraisers who have extensive technical board of the Admissions Committee, inspec- training, long and varied experience, who tion of office operations, review of appraisal have earned the respect of the community and analysis reports and a thorough investi- and their peers for their expert knowledge, gation of the applicant's competence and outstanding ability, professional leadership integrity. This investigation includes contact and integrity. with other SREA members, professional ap- praisers, clients, attorneys, judges, and per- SREA members have demonstrated in prac- sons in the community.The SREA designation tice that they are competent to appraise all is awarded for five years only. types of real estate interests and ownerships in accordance with accepted definitions of A member wishing to renew the SREA desig- market value, and to extend appraisal analy- nation must apply for recertification at the end sis beyond current market value to provide a of the five (5) year period. Upon application basis for decision-making to clients responsi- for recertification, applicant is expected to ble for committing funds or assets in the sale, show evidence of integrity, continued techni- financing, purchase, lease, trade, renovation, cal training, experience, and professional development, demolition or division of real leadership commensurate with current SREA property. The analyst's experience encom- Admissions standards. passes the most difficult appraisal problems. CERTIFIED SREA 12/15/75 This authorization has been prepared for CERTIFIED 12/15/80 inclusion in the certification section of the 12/15/85 appraisal/analysis report. Any questions re- CERTIFIED garding this member's status should be di- CERTIFIED rected to Headquarters office of the Society CERTIFIED of Real Estate Appraisers, 645 North Michi- gan, Chicago, Illinois 60611; (312)346-7422. IIREA FORM NIL tlf7/111 MOST APPROPRIATE USE EVALUATION NE QUADRANT I-465 & MERIDIAN STREET PAGE 18 HAMILTON COUNTY, INDIANA