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HomeMy WebLinkAboutSound Level Assessment D o o D D D o D o D o D D D D D o D D MUELLER PROPERTY NORTH SAND AND GRAVEL OPERATION SOUND LEVEL ASSESSMENT PREPARED FOR MARTIN MARIETTA MATERIALS, INC. PREPARED BY SKEllY AND lOY, INC. ENGINEERS-CONSULTANTS JANUARY 2005 o o o D o D o o o o 10 o o o o o D o o MUELLER PROPERTY NORTH SAND AND GRAVEL OPERATION SOUND LEVEL ASSESSMENT PREPARED FOR MARTIN MARIETTA MATERIALS, INC. 1980 EAST 116TH STREET, SUITE 200 CARMEL, INDIANA 46032 PREPARED BY SKELL YAND LOY, INC. ENGINEERS-CONSULTANTS 2601 NORTH FRONT STREET HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17110 JANUARY 28, 2005 1602227 o o o 'Q o o o o o o o o o o o o D o o TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1 2.0 INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3 2.1 GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL ACOUSTICS PRINCIPLES . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3 2.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...................................... 5 3.0 EXISTING ACOUSTICAL ENViRONMENT...... ...... ... .. ............ 6 4.0 SPECIAL USE APPLICATION: IMPLICATIONS ON THE ACOUSTICAL ENVIRONMENT ................. 12 4.1 METHODOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 5.0 SUMMARY/CONCLUSION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 6.0 APPENDICES APPENDIX A - NOISE MONITORING SITE SKETCHES APPENDIX B - GLOSSARY OF ACOUSTICAL TERMS - i - o o D o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o NO. 1.1 3.1 4.1 NO. 2.1 3.1 NO. 3.1 LIST OF DRAWINGS DESCRIPTION PAGE MUELLER PROPERTY NORTH LOCATION MAP... ....... ............. 2 MUELLER PROPERTY NORTH NOISE MONITORING LOCATION MAP ..... 7 MUELLER PROPERTY NORTH/SAND AND GRAVEL OPERATION NOISE CONTOUR MAP .............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 LIST OF FIGURES DESCRIPTION PAGE EXAMPLES OF TYPICAL SOUND LEVELS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4 24-HOUR SOUND DATA .......................................... 11 LIST OF TABLES DESCRIPTION PAGE AMBIENT MEASUREMENT SUMMARY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8 - ii - ,CJ: '0','" ,:nu.- . . " \-.' 0, u~, ;.:, o '0 D ,,' 'D ,\..' o o o o o D o D o o o o o o o D o D o 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Martin Marietta Materials, Inc. (Martin Marietta) has proposed to expand its existing sand and gravel mining operations onto an adjacent tract of land to access the known mineral reserves (referred to as the Mueller Property North). Refer to Drawing 1.1 for a general Project Location Map. The existing facilities in the region owned by Martin Marietta include the Carmel Sand Plant and the North Indianapolis Plant, both located in Carmel, Indiana. Skelly and Loy, Inc. has performed a baseline sound study to determine existing conditions in the area and to assess the potential for increased sound levels as a result of the proposed expansion. Noise monitoring was performed at several locations (September 16 and 17,2003, and June 21 through June 23, 2004) adjacent to the existing Carmel Sand Plant to determine contributions from operations to the local acoustical environment. Computer noise modeling was performed to assess the acoustical implications of expanding onto the Mueller Property North. Reference sound-level emission levels for machinery proposed on-site were obtained through field measurements. Several scenarios were computer-modeled to create sound contours reflecting various future conditions. Noting that the acoustics will change as mining progresses on the subject property, modeling was performed to simulate several periods in the future which assumed extraction of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the reserves for the subject property. A three-dimensional terrain model considering pit depth, existing and proposed earthen berms, and proposed contours was used in the modeling to obtain a reasonable estimate of sound emissions, including dispersion and attenuation, throughout the project area. The results indicate that no facet of the proposed sand and gravel mining on to Mueller Property North will create adverse acoustical conditions relative to existing sound levels on adjoining lands. Extraction elevations coupled with the terrain change and proposed berm construction/placement substantially attenuate the sound emitted on each property. Therefore, the modeling coupled with existing noise measurements indicate that the proposed expansion will not adversely affect the acoustical environment on adjacent lands. - 1 - 0 D U D ~ U Q D D D D D 0 D D D D Q Source: USGS 7.5' Photorevised 1988 0 Martin Marietta Materials, 'neM Mueller Property North LOCATION MAP Quadrangle, Fishers, Indiana OWN BY: D. Johnston DATE: 1/28/05 DWNG. NO: 1.1 JOB. NO. CK. BY: SCAlE: M. Williams 1" = 2000' Q: /1602227 /BASLMAP /NOISE/SEPERATE NORTH NOISE PACKAGE/NORTH LOCATlON_MAP.DWG SHEET NO. . 1602227 :> . ,0' .0.... -. ".D' . . Q .\....., 2.0'INTROO'UCll0N. ,\'., .;'/ .0'< o 0' D! o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 2.0 INTRODUCTION Martin Marietta Materials, Inc. has proposed to expand its existing mining operations onto an adjacent tract of land to access known mineral reserves (referred to as the Mueller Property North). A special use application was submitted for sand and gravel extraction on Mueller Property North. The property is located west of Hazel Dell Parkway and north of 106th Street. This report documents the results of a sound level study undertaken to determine the acoustical influence of the proposed expansion on the adjacent land uses. 2.1 GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL ACOUSTICS PRINCIPLES Noise is defined as "unwanted sound." Therefore, it can be considered a psychological phenomenon and not a physical one. The roar of race cars adds to the excitement of spectators, and hence would be considered sound. This same roar may annoy nearby neighbors, thereby becoming noise. Factors playing a role in the perception of sound include magnitude, amplitude, duration, frequency, source, and receiver. Nevertheless, researchers have established a fair correlation between the measurement of sound, the A-weighted decibel (dBA), and its associated perceived human response. Figure 2.1 represents this correlation of qualitative and quantitative descriptions. The A-weighted scale refines the sound measurement unit of decibels to match the response of the human ear. It accounts for the fact that sounds of equal amplitude but different frequencies are not necessarily perceived to be equally loud. While the human ear can detect sounds from about 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz, it is more sensitive to frequencies between 500 and 4,000 Hz. To account for this occurrence, the A-weighted scale has been developed to place an emphasis on those frequencies which are more detectable to the human ear. The A-weighted scale, which has been in existence for over 40 years, is generally used in community and city noise ordinances and is expressed in units of dBA (decibels in the A-weighting). Because sound is actually an energy level, it must be recorded on a logarithmic scale and expressed in logarithmic units called decibels (dB). Given this scale, a doubling of a noise source will result in a 3-decibel increase in total level (Le., 50 dBA + 50 dBA = 53 dBA, not 100 dBA). Typically, a change in sound level between 2 and 3 dBA is barely perceptible, while a change of 5 dBA is readily noticeable by most people. A 1 O-dBA increase is usually perceived as a doubling - 3 - o D ~ D D D D ~ a D D o D U D D U a o Sound Source Air Raid Siren Jack Hammer Thunder I, , I ~'"',, ~ " Ot:li . . t . '. a Rock Concert ~ Chain Saw ~.- ~ Lawn Mower (~ Emergency Sirens Subway Yelling Normal Conversation Rainfall Refrigerator Whisper rl"", R-~"~.. ~'~ :;--. ~ ~ Sound Level in dBA Overall Quality 140 130 120- Threshold of Pain 110 100- Very Loud 90 80- -Moderately Loud 70- -Loud 60 50- -Quiet 40 30- -Very Quiet 20 10 0- _Threshold of Hearing Martin Marietta Materials, IncM Mueller Property North Figure 2.1 Examples of Typical Sound Levels DWN BY: DATE: DWNG. NO: R. Jenson 1/28/05 2.1 CK. BY' SCALE: FIGURE NO: W. Kaufell NONE 1602227 Q: /1602227/BASE_MAP NOISE/SEPERA TE_NORTH_NOISE_PACKAGE FIGURE_2 1.DWG JOB. NO. 'U u of loudness; and conversely, noise is perceived to be reduced by one-half when a sound level is reduced by 10 dBA. Sound is also variable with the passage of time. When sound emission levels change (i.e., volume increased or decreased) or source/receptor relationships change (Le., vehicle approaches and passes) over time, sound levels sensed at a given point can vary considerably. To account for this occurrence, several noise descriptors have been developed. The equivalent level or Leq is commonly used in community noise studies. The Leq is the constant, steady state sound level that, over a given period of time, would have the same acoustic energy as the actual varying level. In a sense, it is the average level, recognizing that the decibel is derived logarithmically. The Leq is reported for a given period of time, usually one hour, expressed Leq(h). U D o U U U U U o U U U U D U D U 2.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION Martin Marietta Materials, Inc. has proposed to expand its existing sand and gravel mining operations onto an adjacent tract of land to access known mineral reserves (referred to as the Mueller Property North). The special use application for Mueller Property North includes the extraction of sand and gravel. The site is located north of 106th Street, west of Hazel Dell Parkway in the City of Carmel, Clay Township, Hamilton County, Indiana (shown on Drawing 1.1). Mueller Property North: The sand and gravel operation on the Mueller Property North will be a wet operation using a floating suction dredge. To reach the sand and gravel, Martin Marietta must remove approximately five feet of topsoil and non- aggregate material known as "overburden." Overburden will be removed using earthmoving equipment such as pans, front-end loaders, etc. Martin Marietta plans for overburden removal to be completed during the hours of 6:00 A.M. to 8:00 P.M. during the months of November through March (except as necessary to construct the visual and noise barrier described below) and only on days other than Saturday or Sunday or holidays. Once a portion of the overburden is removed and the berms are in place, the sand and gravel extraction will commence on the Mueller Property North using the same techniques used at the existing Carmel Sand Plant (wet extraction). A floating suction dredge will start along the northern property and will progress into the Mueller Property North. Booster pumps will help convey the sand and gravel through a pipe to the Carmel Sand Plant located north of the Mueller property. Due to the nature of the deposit, overburden depth, and groundwater levels, the floating dredge will operate at an approximate water elevation of 729 msl (16 to 20 feet below the existing grade). - 5- < ~,' ~"D/ ,0........ " o u ~D D D. 0', '/,;' D~'; '0'.' '.. ' ,';) '. o o o o o iD D D o o D o D o o o o o o 3.0 EXISTING ACOUSTICAL ENVIRONMENT The existing acoustical environment surrounding the proposed Mueller Property North expansion area was assessed using conventional noise monitoring procedures. The intent was to document current sound levels at adjacent residential areas (Kingswood Subdivision) associated with the Carmel Sand Plant and other ambient sounds. This facility is located in Carmel, Indiana, and is roughly bounded by the Hazel Dell Parkway to the east, East 106th Street to the south, the Kingswood Subdivision to the west, and Cool Creek to the north (see Drawing 1.1). Activity at the Carmel Sand Plant is concentrated on the southern half of the property (the northern half of the property being previously mined), with primary acoustic contributions coming from the crushing/ screening plant, truck activity, and front-end loaders. Additionally, the North Indianapolis Plant is located approximately one-half mile south of the Carmel Sand Plant, but is far enough removed that it does not contribute to the acoustic environment near the Carmel Sand Plant. Noise measurements were taken at 18 sites on both the existing Carmel Sand Plant property as well as the northern section of the Mueller Property North. Additionally, five sites were located in the Kingswood Subdivision interior to determine sound levels in the community. Drawing 3.1 identifies the specific noise monitoring locations. Noise levels from these monitoring periods are reported in Table 3.1, Ambient Measurement Summary. Sites Berm 1 through Berm 14 were taken along the western edge of the Carmel Sand Plant property line, directly adjacent to the Kingswood Subdivision. Sites Berm 1 through Berm 7 were located along the top of the existing earthen berm, while sites Berm 8 through Berm 14 were located behind the earthen berm adjacent to the Kingswood Subdivision property line. This grouping of sites provides a sample of the overall sound levels from the Carmel Sand Plant at the residential property line, as well as a measure of the berms' attenuation. Measurements were primarily collected during plant operations, although Sites Berm 5 and Berm 12 were measured for a 24-hour duration to obtain nighttime and background noise levels. Comparison of the operating versus non-operating conditions highlights the contributions of the plant to the ambient sound levels. A second set of sites was placed along the southern boundary line of the Kingswood Subdivision. As with the previously defined "Berm" sites, data were collected during both operating and non-operating conditions. These sites are designated XP1 through XP4 on Drawing 3.1. - 6 - \ ) II I \\ \ J \\ \ - '-., \J:=- ] \ -.1 \ l-J-:~ / \ \ ~ 1 \ :Ii \ I; I. , \111~1 -I ; IP ')'. ) r.,,1 IP : ;' M / ~'(P Mart?nls:~stta / ~x 1t / .;r ;'ns //).: ~:=" 1;/1 ~ / '.'/,/. r... .. /'; I:::J .-/'';;:/ . ./ ~ ~ '" -.....;~J ,. :" / ..... : ~ I \ . '" r ,,'~~-~ ~ jfj ~ /J. / ..' .. 1,-, 1- - - - -:It- .,': 1~1 / !t// ~ ~H~-~ ~II l~ Jsf //1 /;;~f ~ F II - ~ III/Marlin Marietta Materials, IneM / rJI 1'/ Mueller Property North 11/ I '!.'l II )V I ~~ /t I II I ,f, / 1 1 ~ ~H 1 Gt J' / Q: /1602227 /BASt_MAP /NOISE Iseprrate north nOise packaae Inorth NOISE MONITORING LOCA nON MAP.DWG I~/ 2jr-: ~~ '.y....': &11': ;~~ ~w"- .... :.. ; : <& r:;~ ~~'.~"5I_~ ... ~.. .... .. .'. ~ . 57 [[z] '-- .' . . ~ ~ . : - ., Ie I: - :'I~. J,~~..- ., .~. - :i:J;.. ~... ~ '#: ... ;7lt. ..CdJ ~~'.~_.' 'f 55 [57 ~ [I ... ,. III . I .. .... <# : - 111. I: - ~ ~ · 55 .. ..~. ~ ,III ~... ~ III ,_ ... ...., II. &A~ ~ ~. I i:!j . · N> . I--fii,.. ,. ~ .1'91 . I .. ~~: - · : - ~...~ .\ . '- ~ ~ .. ~.. . '~ 58 . .' .. ... ,... ' I '.' /\ .... b . "" ~ ~ -. 471 : iL2] , 1/.." ..., .. ~~ 14T- ~~''i' .:- I . /..&T' I--H~ ''i541l- - "- ~J.' ...... .. ..;..\.~- c::T .~ ~..... ,.........~51.~i ~ ) ".:::~::::::;:'::ii:II~:- : ..- · (jj~ "_.R~..._~_.~. 'i~ ~ 1\- .~:.. ."~:;~I:I:~ ...~ ~ ~ ~~ · BIll ffi1] ~ [l] ~ I '~'''\ r------J I MU~ . PROPERTY . j NORlH ;:'POSSd Jmlt I of Extra1tion - - - - - - - - -1 f--- ----------- .. II ?j\ ,'i.c 'I' .. .;~.. c- " J:-_ <> () ,," Existing Martin Marietta Carmel Sand Plant . a, .L!", 'i.,,;.. iE ~JIl ST . i, '.,,:i -;, '.? 1;..-; .eo"., .~./. i :gnfci)J ,,",'C., 1\ , [@ ~ "7 'fl ".: ',1 ~ "'(0.'" ffi ( Key Ma~ SCALE: 1" = 1 0,000' Source: USGS 7.5' Quadrangle, Fishers, Indiana (Photorevised 1988) , ----J ~xisting ~roc,.sing Plant . LEGEND CM _,,:- : - :::::J Existing Martin Marietta Mine Mueller Property Boundary Municipal Boundary - - - - - Existing Road - . . . - . .. - Existing Rivers, Lakes, and Streams - - - - - Mueller Property North Permit Boundary --- Right Of Way Line - - - - - Proposed Limit of Extraction BIII/~/151III Monitored Sites ~ Sound Levels (dBA) - Plant Operating . . ~"''''''''''''''~ I) I( NOTE: THE PROPERTY LINE INFORMATION PORTRAYED ON THIS MAP IS AN APPROXIMATE REPRESENTATION BASED ON DATA PROVIDED FROM THE HAMILTON COUNTY GIS DEPARTMENT AND PROPERTY BOUNDARY SURVEYS FOR THE E. & H. MUELLER DEVELOPMENT L.L.C. PROPERTIES. I I I I I A'" /; .. r~. R. . t) \~. f' .~. . ~ .s \.1;., ---z{ r (--: ': ~' I l ~ ~ \. \ \ '~J '\ ~. '\.. .. iff- 1 ~ (~ ~ '\ \"'~~" '" '\ .' r (....-/ '- ) , 1\ I \ NOISE MONITORING LOCATION MAP DWNG. NO. 3.1 JOB. NO. . i.. 0 I - . - ,_,/ = -"j Ii:.. q - OWN BY. R. Jenson DATE. 1/28/05 SHEET NO. . 1602227 CK. BY. W. Kaufell SCALE: 1" 600' o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o TABLE 3.1 AMBIENT MEASUREMENT SUMMARY EXISTING SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENT SUMMARY LOCATION SITE 1.0. (Leq [10 MINUTES] IN dBA) PLANT PLANT NOT OPERATING OPERATING Berm 1 54 54-57 Berm 2 57 54-57 Berm 3 57 54-57 Top of berm west of Carmel Berm 4 60 54-57 Sand Plant Berm 5 61 54-57 Berm 6 63 54-57 Berm 7 61 54-57 Berm 8 57 54-57 Berm 9 57 54-57 Berm 1 0 55 54-57 Behind berm west of sand Berm 11 58 54-57 and gravel operation Berm 12 54 54-57 Berm 13 55 54-57 Berm 14 59 54-57 XP1 48 47-50 XP2 47 47-50 Proposed Expansion XP3 47-50 50 XP4 61* 47-50 BK1 50 47-50 BK2 47 47-50 Kingswood Subdivision BK3 51 47-50 BK4 49 47-50 BK5 50 47-50 Note: * Site is influenced by Clay/Carmel Community Recreation Area - 8 - o o o o A third set of sites was placed within the Kingswood Subdivision community to document existing background noise levels. The measurements were taken when the plant was in operation although generally the plant was inaudible and sound levels were heavily influenced by typical ambient noises (local traffic, insect noise, lawn mowing etc.). All of the sites were monitored for a minimum of ten-minute intervals. Relevant monitoring standards (ANSI Standard S1.13-1995) were adhered to. The noise measurements were taken at each of the 18 locations with and without the influence of the operation of the Martin Marietta Materials Carmel Sand Plant. The location of the measurement sites was established to determine the current effectiveness of the existing earthen berm along the west side of the property, as well as document the existing sound levels. All sound levels are reported as Leq in decibels, using the A-weighted (dBA) scale. Additional information documented during the monitoring period included the identification of major noise sources and unusual noise events (Le., aircraft fly-bys, dogs barking, insect noise). Appendix A contains the Noise Monitoring Site Sketches. All monitoring was performed according to relevant standards using Metrosonics db-3080 sound analyzers. Calibration of the meters was performed with a Metrosonics c1-304 Calibrator. This equipment meets all standards of the American National Standard Specification for Sound Level Meters, ANSI S1.4-1983 (R1990). The "berm" monitoring sites are acoustically affected by contributions from the Carmel Sand Plant as well as background sounds (insect noise, rustling leaves, community noise, etc.). The combination of these two sources makes up the overall monitored level of these sites. While the Carmel Sand Plant influences certain sites on top of the berm, background sounds such as insects (Le., cicada noise, cricket noise) had a heavy influence for many of the "berm" sites due to the vegetation. The vegetation on the berm, combined with the season (Summer/Autumn) yielded insect noise which affected sound readings. Therefore, the noise levels presented in Table 3.1 are not solely due to the Carmel Sand Plant. The recorded sound levels at the "Berm" sites clearly indicate that the earthen berm does provide mitigation ranging from 2 to 9 dBAfor plant noise. This is illustrated by comparing "Plant Operating" conditions for sites on top of the berm (Berm 1 through Berm 7) with sites behind the berm (Berm 8 through Berm 14). For instance, the operating sound levels for Berm 6 (63 dBA) and Berm 13 (55 dBA) yield an 8 dBA drop as a result of the berm. For reference, a1 0 dBA reduction is perceived by the human ear as a halving of the sound level. The human ear has difficulty distinguishing a change in sound level of less than 3 dBA. o o o o o D o o o o ~ o o o o - 9- o o o o o o u o o o o o o o o o o o o The only area that does not appear to directly benefit from the earthen berm is located to the northwest of the facility. The sites in this region (Sites Berm 1,2,8, and 9) have relatively little influence from the plant; therefore, there is no reduction associated with the earthen berm. These sites are the farthest removed from the Carmel Sand Plant and therefore it is expected that the berm will provide less attenuation in this area. The sound levels recorded in the Kingswood Subdivision varied significantly depending on location, monitoring time period, and community activity. While sound readings were taken during the Camel Sand Plant operations, it was barely perceptible and essentially inaudible at these locations. Local traffic has a significant affect on the ambient sound levels, particularly in residential communities such as Kingswood Subdivision. Local sound levels can vary significantly depending on a neighbor's activities (lawn mowing), school bus traffic, local traffic, animals, insect noise, etc. The noise levels measured throughout Kingswood Subdivision during the daytime are typical for a residential subdivision (47 to 50 dBA). In addition, a measurement was repeated at Site BK3 at 4:00 AM. on September 17, 2003, and yielded 43 dBA. Noise levels at Sites XP1 through XP4, taken along the southern boundary of the Kingswood Subdivision resulted in ambient sound levels ranging from 47 to 50 dBA The Carmel Sand Plant does not influence the acoustics at these sites, and sound levels are primarily a result of ambient sounds including insect noise, cornfield rustling, etc. Site XP4 (61 dBA) was heavily influenced by activities at the adjacent Clay/Carmel Recreational Park. Long-term monitoring locations were also established to determine the evening ambient sound levels for comparison with future operational noise. The existing ambient conditions were documented over a 24-hour period from 6:00 P.M. Monday, June 21,2004, through 11 :00 AM., Wednesday, June 23, 2004. Sites Berm 5 and Berm 12 were selected for long-term measure- ments. The data are presented in graphical format on Figure 3.1. The results are typical for a suburban neighborhood, the sound levels decrease as human activity (traffic, etc.) increases. - 10- D Sound Level Leq(h) in dBA n I\.) w w ~ ~ ()1 ()1 0'> ()1 0 ()1 0 ()1 0 ()1 0 (:) (:) (:) (:) 0 (:) (:) (:) n $ 6:00:00 PM 0 7:00:00 PM ::J Q. I\.) OJ 8:00:00 PM n 0'::< ~$ 9:00:00 PM :k; OJ '< 10:00:00 PM 9 11 :00:00 PM u:: n 12:00:00 AM 6'~ 1 :00:00 AM 2:00:00 AM n 5 3:00:00 AM 4:00:00 AM n 5:00:00 AM 6:00:00 AM 7:00:00 AM !! n ] --i 8:00:00 AM C) c C C1l 9:00:00 AM CIl JJ Q. 10:00:00 AM ~ m OJ n '::< w $ 11 :00:00 AM ... OJ 12:00:00 PM 'iii I\) '< -J. ~ -I -J. 1 :00:00 PM :I: 0 - 3" I\.) 2:00:00 PM 0 {t 0 01!1 c: 0 3:00:00 PM .., 0 ~ III (J) n '< 4:00:00 PM 0 c: 5:00:00 PM ~ :J 6:00:00 PM C- O 7:00:00 PM l>> D - 8:00:00 PM ~ ~ l>> 9:00:00 PM I n 10:00:00 PM --i 11 :00:00 PM 0 "0 12:00:00 AM . Q 1 :00:00 AM CD n C1l :;E "'"' 2:00:00 AM 3 C1l I Q. 3:00:00 AM ()1 ::J '.~ ,"" n C1l CIl 4:00:00 AM Q. OJ '::< 5:00:00 AM $ .W OJ 6:00:00 AM 0 '< 7:00:00 AM I\.) I\.) 8:00:00 AM 0 9:00:00 AM n 0 ~ 10:00:00 AM 11 :00:00 AM n 0 -'W Q [J~, -:' - ~,' iO' 0:,' '\ :: \' , ., '0" , .. . . /' ~O', 'i:- '4'~O SPECIAl'USEAPPLICATION: 'IMPLI'CATIC>NS' -ON THE ACQUSTICALcENVIRON:MENT ~', o -; """ ,\'.- (, J.' :0 -0 o .) t ~",~c ", " . o o o o 10 o U o o o o o o o D o o o o 4.0 SPECIAL USE APPLICATION: IMPLICATIONS ON THE ACOUSTICAL ENVIRONMENT The special use application requests use of the property adjacent to the existing Martin Marietta Carmel Sand Plant operations for the extraction of sand and gravel. The proposed expansion involves using the existing processing area and does not include provisions to process extracted material on the Mueller Property North. Generally, the processing (crushing, screening, conveying, loading of material) operations have the greatest potential to adversely affect the acoustical environment. Since this special use application does not include the installation and subsequent operation of a processing facility, the anticipated effect to the local acoustical environment is minimal. The existing processing facility at the Carmel Sand Plant will continue to serve as the processing facility for this expansion area. Therefore, the noise analysis was focused on the extraction techniques and their associated implications to the acoustical environment. The goal of the study was to determine the acoustical implications associated with the extraction of material from the Mueller Property North. A floating suction dredge will be used to extract and transport material from the Mueller Property North to the existing processing plant. This noise emissions from a suction dredge is primarily associated with the engine room located on the floating platform, as extraction activities are contained underwater. Noting that the acoustics will change as mining progresses on the property (e.g., floating dredge location changes), future estimates were made for several scenarios based on the operations' development (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% extraction) of the entire property. 4.1 METHODOLOGY The future acoustical environment was assessed using the proposed extraction equipment sound emissions coupled with existing and proposed terrain features. Future scenarios were modeled with the Environmental Noise Model v. 3.06 (ENM). The emission rates used in the model were derived directly from noise measurements obtained at the existing Carmel Sand Plant. ENM was used to simulate the acoustical environment of the proposed mining operations for the Mueller Property North. A three-dimensional topographical model (encompassing approximately one square mile) was created for importation into ENM. Ground elevations and contours were obtained from base topographic mapping. Existing topography and proposed terrain features, along with proposed - 12 - o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o extraction elevations were incorporated into the model. The noise modeling topography was compiled for the Mueller Property North for several periods in the future based on the progress of extraction. For example, the topography (and associated acoustical effects) will change as the operations progress. The location of floating suction dredge will change, as well as the terrain of the pit, altering the acoustical environment. Estimates were made for the Mueller Property North based on four scenarios: 25% of property mined, 50% of property mined, 75% of property mined, and full extraction (100%). While the dredge will operate at one location at a time, the modeling assumed that the dredge would operate as a line source, working across the face of the pit over time. This provided a slightly more conservative estimate as it assumes the dredge is operating the entire width of the pit as opposed to one single location along the face of the put. The noise emission point was estimated to be approximately 6 feet above the water level, representing the general location of the engine room and exhaust pipes. All of the proposed and existing berms were incorporated into the model. Theheight of the proposed berms around the perimeter of the site will vary from six to ten feet. Modeling assumed an eight-foot earth berm adjacent to the pit (refer to Drawing 3.1 for berm footprint). Ground zones, representing typical ground cover, were input based on field reconnaissance and project mapping. Noise sources and their emissions were derived by taking measurements of suction dredge and Carmel Sand Plant. Measurements were taken at specified distances under full throttle conditions for the dredge, and 100% production for the processing plant, to calculate sound power levels for use in ENM program. The emissions from the existing Carmel Sand Plant were estimated based on 1/1 octave measurements taken on September 17, 2003. The processing plant contributes slightly to the noise levels measured along the western boundary earthen berm (Table 3.1); therefore, it was included to obtain a cumulative sound level estimate (Mueller Property North expansion plus processing plant). Acoustical measurement data as obtained in the field are contained in Appendix A. ENM is capable of either predicting maximum A-Weighted sound levels at discrete receptors (single locations) or calculating sound contours given three-dimensional terrain. Due to the number of extraction scenarios, contour modeling was used to display many of the operating scenarios. The model generates a network of receivers over the terrain and estimates the acoustical environment for an entire region. Each scenario was modeled based on four future conditions (extraction progress: 25% of property mined, 50% of property mined, 75% of property mined, and 100% extraction). Standard atmospheric conditions were assumed for the modeling (550F, 65% Relative Humidity, calm winds). The sound level contouring presented in Drawing 4.1 1 ~ - 13 - \\0'(\: Proposed f)\teC~ ... - 25% EXTRACTION Sound Sound Level Source in dBA Overall Quality Air Raid Siren 140 130 Jack Hammer 120 - Thr$shold Thunder of ain Emergency Sirens Rock Concert Chain Saw Lawn Mower Subway 80 Yelling 70 Normal 60 Conversation Rainfall 50 40 Refrigerator 30 Whisper 20 10 0 - - Threshold of Hearing ~ ... ~ .. , Existing Martin Marietta ..... Carmel Sand Plant · i 50% EXTRACTION Legend Maximum Sound Levels In dBA Color Range . Greater Than 76 . 74- 76 . 72-74 . 70-72 . 68- 70 III 66-68 o 64-66 o 62-64 ~ 60-62 III 58-60 [B 56-58 o 54-56 o 52-54 o 50-52 o Less Than 50* . Legend r- ::J Existing Martin L...- Marietta Mine Mueller Property Boundary Municipal Boundary - - - Existing Road _ . . . _ . . . _ Existing Rivers, Lakes, and Streams _ _ _ _ _ Mueller North Permit Boundary Limits of Proposed Mining Phase _ _ _ _ _ Proposed Limit of Extraction ... Proposed Direction of Mining "" ,) I ? 00% EXTRACTION NOTE: THE PROPERTY LINE INFORMATION PORTRAYED ON THIS MAP IS AN APPROXIMATE REPRESENTATION BASED ON DATA PROVIDED FROM THE HAMILTON COUNTY GIS DEPARTMENT AND PROPERTY BOUNDARY SURVEYS FOR THE E. & H. MUELLER DEVELOPMENT L.L.C. PROPERTIES. Martin Marietta Materials, IneM Mueller Property North *NOTE: THE SOUND LEVEL CONTOURING WAS GENERATED IN ENM BASED ONLY ON PROPOSED NOISE SOURCES CONTAINED WITHIN THE MUELLER NORTH PROPERTY AND THE CARMEL SAND PLANT. WHILE THE CONTOURING INDICA TES THAT A REGION IS 50 dBA OR BELOW, NON-MODELED AMBIENT NOISE SOURCES (LOCAL TRAFFIC NOISE, INSECTS, WIND, ETC.) MAY DOMINATE AND LOCALLY ELEVATE SOUND LEVELS ABOVE 50 dBA. SAND AND GRAVEL NOISE CONTOUR MAP DWNG. NO: 4.1 DWN BY: R. Jenson DATE: 1/28/05 JOB. NO. CK. BY: SCALE: SHEET NO. . W. Kaufell 1" = 600' 1602227 Q: /1602227/BASE _MAP NOISE SEPERATE NORTH NOISE/NOISE MONITORING DBA MAP.DWG o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o D o o o was generated in ENM based on proposed noise sources contained within Mueller Property North. While these illustrations include the major noise sources, local background sources, traffic, wind, and human activity will also affect the acoustical environment and are not modeled. The lower limit of the contours was set at 50 dBA, representing the measured background levels (typical for residential areas). While the contouring indicates that a region is 50 dBA or below, existing background noise sources not associated with mining in these areas may dominate and locally elevate sound levels above 50 dBA. The sand and gravel operation for Mueller Property North will be extracted using a floating suction dredge. Removing overburden will expose the sand and gravel deposit. Martin Marietta will use typical mining equipment such as front-end loaders, excavators, and dump trucks to remove the overburden. A three-dimensional model of the sand and gravel pit was created for several scenarios, using actual pit elevations and suction dredge operating locations. The results indicate that the equipment operation on Mueller Property North will not have any effect on sound levels outside the property. Drawing 4.1 displays the noise contours for the Mueller Property North Sand and Gravel Operation for several operation scenarios. The ENM contouring indicates the equipment noise dissipates quickly (notice tight contour pattern) primarily as a result of the pit depth and the proposed adjacent earth berm bordering the property. - 15 - o '0'" . ..' ".,1 ,.0.. .' ID 0: 0, o 0, .0" u o ,...n ". \. Q , . S.OSUIVI MARY/CONCLUSION . ~ ,. . , .' " r ,. ',' o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o D o 5.0 SUMMARY/CONCLUSION Martin Marietta Materials, Inc. has proposed to expand its operations onto an adjacent tract of land (known as the Mueller Property North) in Carmel, Indiana. Skelly and Loy performed a baseline sound study to determine existing conditions in the area and to assess the potential for increased sound levels as a result of the proposed expansion. Noise monitoring was performed to determine contributions from existing operations to the local acoustical environment, and reference data were gathered from various operations to determine proposed sound-level emissions. Computer noise modeling was performed using ENM and noise contours were examined for several proposed operation scenarios. The results indicate that no facet of the proposed expansion will create adverse acoustical conditions relative to existing sound levels. Based on modeling results, the noise drops off quickly due to pit depth and berm configuration. Therefore, the proposed expansion will not adversely affect the acoustical environment outside the property. - 16 - "0: ,'. . o o , J .0 ,0,:' ~ J ' o .0, ,. " ,; .w. o "D. o , .' ,0 D' o 'A.PPE'ND1CES ,";- :0 n U '0",:, .... ' ., '; :0 .\' f, :0 .~ o o. I- \ ~ < -" ')j' i " "r,_ ,APP'ENDIXA - NOISE MONITORING sITESKETC'HEs " I '. . o o. o o U D o D o D D o D D D o U D D U D D D Site # &K \ 'SKELL Y and LOY, Inc. Near-Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client: MAR.'t\~ MAIt..IUTA. MA"~fl..\AI..~.Il'lc.. Noise MeterlD: dh-3080 ~N 3C:;05 Location: l.<\Nt.~ILI..,.t) b(vELOP/o\lON"f >>~a \\211 'Woo!)(.RU.t( t>1t.1~Factory Calibration Date: _ 4- - t 1-. 03 Noise Source: A""IE.tJT Co""/lI\"NIT'f t\\flISf. Field Calibration Date:_ "-J6 -03. _ Distance: Date: q - \ (p - 0.3 Time: 2:4.5 - 3:05 ?M. Employee: A:rb. NW Sound Level Results Maximum: Average: So d B8 Download Data File Name: S L 0 I - L.\ PhotoQraph ~ f~"~' _ ,t~ -~~. *~;~ ~&:.- .;.' ~k;~ Notes: " ~..'!./"~ SKELL V and LOV, Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA, 17110 Ph. 717 232-593 Site Sketch f s....E '< I <' 1 1 It (] \ I( . f 1 <.. \ ~ t 1<. Elevational Cross Section ___I I ....---J WO() p(..(l..~'1.( l)ft\"~ ~l~ D D Site # BK 1 SKELLY and LOY, Inc. Near-Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet o D Q o o Q Q o ~ U D D U o D a ~ Client: MAR.ilN Mltllt't'TA ",,^"\e.It'~L~ IN(.. Location: \(hK.!:.\&,N\1) b"""I.DPNli.N'I' },)~~R. \1175 Wco1>'&UA.Y bll.\VEFactory Calibration Date: Field Calibration Date: Noise Source: AIW\~I'-~T c.o.ll\l"\VI\\ ITV NoISf: Distance: Date: ~ ~ \10 - 03 Notes: 2,:1..\.0 - 5: Or:, PM AJ"h NW . Time: Employee: Sound Level Results Maximum: Average: L.\ 1 d BA Download Data File Name:' ~ '- 0 2 - 1.\ Photoaraph ~"1 ~ :. e '1 ~.,J j/ ~.~ ....t.. ' 5 .~. 1 <' ~ ~ , f >il 4ft ' . ,I .' ,"'.. . , ~ j I. '-!\~'t:1 ~ ,,~..~ j ~:-a "j :" .~:JI;~ t~ · I f . R'~'!' ,~ ~ ;1 t Noise Meter 10: clb- ~o8o SN 3SQlt, ~- 02 - 03 '1-110-03 SKELL V and LOV, Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA, 17110 Ph. 717 232-593 Site Sketch !f..lN4SWO&1> DRivE u.J ~ f\ Ci U ~ 0 t& t) g 0 3 D. ~ ,fl(6' '-R tll\L15 Elevational Cross Section - i IN 00 1) BVa.y Op.N{ ~ .-- (rIll ~51 D o D D ~ o D o D Q U ~ D ~ o u ~ ~ o SKELLY and LOY, Inc. Site # 5 K 3 NearkField Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client: MAP:f\tJ rAAQ.\E1TI> MA,lJl.lll.l.Ci :t",tl., Noise Meter 10: d.b. 3oBO . Location: \(\.a("~",,oo~ 'De.'I7€LO'f>\tlol1' ~l:A" Sob&. l(\~""bOI> 'f)lt."'~ Factory Calibration Date: 5N 3GQ, ~ - 02 - 03 q -lbo03 Noise Source: Ap\8l"~'" c,1"\~V'" IT'\1' NOISE Field Calibration Date: Distance: Date: q-\b~03 2:L\.<; 0 S: 0; r fV\ A'Jt:> NW , Notes: Time: Employee: Sound Level Results Maximum: Average: s- t cl BA Download Data File Name: SLo 3 - L\ SKELLY and LOY, Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA.17110 Ph. 717 232-593 Site Sketch PhotoQraph .}..-~.' 1,; i ~._~ '.d ~ LO p. D / \NfS1UJOOO \)tl..lvi ~ .0 o ... ::> Oi CJ. tl. ...) u) U. Q .. '0 o CJ - ";:-:! Vol &0 Po $~9 VI o dJ ~ 0 (:) ~""" ~ UI ____ ~\NUSWOO'b ~(l.\\le. _---=- CJOCJCJt::JOD~ o.n Elevational Cross Section -",(5) So~B ~ .A. ---- t ~'1A~S .... l:>~\Vt D D D D a o o Q o ~ o D D o o o ~ D- ~ SKELLY and LOY, Inc. Near-Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Site # e,,, L db- 3080 <;N 38QS ~ - 02 - 0.3 q-lb-e>3 Client:IV\A!L't'N MAtl\L'frA rMUv..\M-S .'7...1.. Noise Meter 10: Location: \(.1\K,swcob bl."e.Lof,..tcJ'l Nua \\o~S l-\\lr.I1\N4",o'" C.ollll.TFactory Calibration Date: Noise Source: A"'S\E.W1 ~vr.>> I'tY NolS!, Field Calibration Date: Distance: Date: ~-lb-03 Notes: Time: 2:40 - 3:00 PM Employee: A:5b NW , Sound Level Results Maximum: AVerage:~ Download Data File Name: ~ l oL.\ - L\ SKELLY and LOY, Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA, 17110 Ph. 717 232-593 Site Sketch PhotoQraph S1. C:J Elevational Cross Section 1:f:~ rL '\10015 . I - J... --.:" \.. ~ \lVQ61) 3" lI-'f Oll..IVE ~ o D D o o o I 10 o ~ Q ~ I~ o o o o ~ Q Site# BK5 SKELLY and LOY, Inc. Near-Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client: M~I\.T'~ MAR.IUTA. MATU.\AL.S,:t",C.. Noise Meter 10: Jb- 3090 . 51\3 3'l31 Location: \(\I.)c,S,WOO\? 1)E."~LOP"'hJ" N~, SoS3 li.T. C.~I"tt,I.ES t". Factory Calibration Date: G,-0.2 - 0 3 Noise Source: A~"llb)"f Co/W\lW\ui'J ,,."1' NOIU. Field Calibration Date: q -llo - b 3 Distance: Date: '1- \10 - 03 Time: 2: So - '3: Ie PM Employee: A'J't:> J N W Sound Level Results Maximum: Average: 50 dBA Download Data File Name: .s L. 0 5 - 3 Photoaraph ~ ("~ f:;.1 'J oJ E l\ \ ~. Notes: r -;. f~ ~ t....' c r-;~" ~.~ '~: .M I . '~..."" r ~,;" 1 SKELLY and LOY, Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA, 17110 Ph. 717 232-593 Site Sketch 0 C1 DDD 0 00 .......... - "''-'ff..f. ST. Cr-\I'llL'-S E'L.. C'il oj D cp 9 CJ ODd S 0'1.3 505.3 Mv(LLE.R.. ~t2.0PE.It.\'< ~oR.'T1-\ Elevational Cross Section --, ~ $'t. Crl"~ Pl.. G'n ~ D o D ,Q D D o ~ D o D o o D ~ ~ ~ o Site # SKELLY and LOY, Inc. X p L Near-Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client: MM'tItJ MAIIl.\tnA J\\A1EI.\llaU. INt.. Noise Meter 10: 6b- 3oBo .' location: SoV't\o\.I!."~-r' tolh>>t.a OF \(U3Go$WOOb "~>lEbol'P\l!I\J'" Noise Source: CAIl.l'\h SAw\> t>LA~T DPfA.JIiflorV '> S.N 3895 (,- 02. - 03 ~-I(P-03 Factory Calibration Date: Field Calibration Date: Distance: AfPfI.D""\IVI.At'tL"I '-2. VA!t.b~ r:.~~ \.\"""'\~'TON toUtt.i R~SI1>l~C.~ Date: ~ - 110 - 0 3 Time: \'3,'00 - l~:5o Employee: A3'b N W Notes: Sound level Results Maximum: Average: 4B dRA Download Data File Name: SLOt - 3 SKELLY and LOY. Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA, 17110 Ph. 717 232-593 Site Sketch Photoaraph l<\t.l(.~""06l> l>L\llLo f'M..r C. I'tf../b.'1. SAtJT> Au\> ?~ \/tt. <~~v ) ~~ t' fjjJJ \~ ~ \ ~ ~ I ~r-, M"hL.~\l- ~\lol'~(l.T'( No~11-\ Elevational Cross Section ~ A ~ a SKELL V and LOV, Inc. Site # X P 2. Near-Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client: MA~11>1 MAa,'-TTAMATU..\AI.t Ill!(.. Noise Meter 10: db- 3090 SN 38(Ho location: ~"'f'" OF \(\W.SWD6b bt\lE.I.DPh\M MIJiu.U.. Factory Calibration Date: ,,- 02 - 03 , ~tl.o'I.",.'t tJo~,,\ Noise Source: C.AR.M~L SA\I3t>. ~\.AtJ\ C~U~TtO"'S Field Calibration Date: q - l (, - 03 Distance: Amb"l(\ 1I\j!>,.U.L y SO 'lAaM. ~ ~tf,\1>,tJ(.~ ~ o Q o D D I I~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Date: q - I b - 0 3 Time: ~ i 5.3 - J 3 ; 03 Employee: A :s '\) I ~ W Notes: Sound level Results Maximum: Average: 4.7 dBA Download Data File Name: S L 0 2. - .:; Photoaraph SKELLY and LOY, Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA, 17110 Ph. 717 232-593 Site Sketch C"t"'E.1.. SA~!>. Aw~ blt""lL --.. . f'l\V'LL6.R. f~\'e.It"rY ~OIZ.Tti Elevational Cross Section fl)~ A - ~ D a o Q o ~ o o a D ID D D ID !D la ~ ~ Site # X P 3 SKELLY and LOY, Inc. NearDField Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client:MAR.1'\t.) MAlt\ETT^MA.Ultw.s,I.~". Noise MeterlD: dbD3080 SN 38'11 Location: <s.oUT"'- er: l,{\t.3(..I:.l4J60b ~"ELbPMe."''', MUE"LU. Factory Calibration Date: b - 02 - 03 P9.0t'''',"V Jl)O&T'" Noise Source: C.AIl.~E..L SANti PL.A)JT OPtItA1"o,,",S ' Field Calibration Date: q - \ 10 - 0 3 Distance: A~IM"''''E.LY 30 YAR.bS taoft\ ~e.S\i)'~"~ Date: q-l~-03 t2.; 5'2. ~ 13_= 0 2.. A;r t> . NvJ . Notes: Time: . Employee: Sound Level Results Maximum: . Average:_50 dBA Download Data File Name: S L 0 '3 - 3 Photoaraoh SKELLY and LOY, Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA, 17110 Ph. 717 232-593 Site Sketch ) ~' \.(\>Jt:/SWOob t>~vE.LoPtl\E:~ ~ .~ . 0 c:l 0 \ dCl'O 0 CJ 0 0 CJ CJ" 30.,.r.1$ @ MIJELLf-lt. ~Mf&.ttT'( NOllTr\ Elevational Cross Section ~ ---lJ)~ ^~ D D o D o a U Q o o ~ D ~ a ~ ~ ~ D. o Site # XP y_ SKELLY and LOY, Inc, Near-Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client: /Vv.V:'fIN M~~I~'TTi\ ~'t't\t\~L.S, 1",e, location: ~~\ O~ K\to)~S.\Al611T> bl\JtLbIl""f.r.lT ~ M~':"fl. Noise Source: C-ARME.1.. SANb ?U\N"T ()9~I.Mloto.).s Distance: APPR.Oll.\/II\A'U.L'I L\,O '{At.bS f"o", ~UI~I!i.t>tC.~ Date: Q-\b-03 \3:00 .. l3:50 AJb. Nw . Time: Employee: Sound level Results Maximum: Average: Co \ cl ~A Download Data File Name: S LD L.\ - 3 PhotC?araph Noise Meter ID: db- 3080 SN 38Qe, Pkur.n I 3 Factory Calibration Date: b - 02- 0 Field Calibration Date: q - , b - 0 3 Notes: Avb\~L.f,. Ac.."'tlVIT'i A-r (1..'&\'( / CA.~"'''L c........tJi... \t.\'C.R.!."'''lol.l \>"'R.'oC. To YJUT SKELLY and LOY, Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA, 17110 Ph. 717 232-593 Site Sketch [ Klr-.>C,SWOOO \)t\lu.of~t."''t ~ - 01 OOC] OODDDCJD . 'lD 1......lS @ M\JE.U.e.R P~O~U.T'f NOflTt-\ Elevational Cross Section ~ - K- D D Q D Q D Q o D D D Q i D U a Q o. a SKELLY and LOY, Inc. Site # &eR..fV'\ ( Near-Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client: MA9...T\~ MARIf.ffA MA"ie~\8I.S .. :r.rJ'-. Noise MeterlD: db. 3080 SN ~8~5 Location: 101' Of BER.M WEST 0 f CARMeL. <;....,..,D Pt..Ct~1 Factory Calibration Date: 6 - 0:1. 03 . Noise Source: C^R./V\f.L SAlJD Pl.-ANT 0 p~R.l>trl()NS Field Calibration Date: q - lb - 0 3 Distance: f.\PI'~OX.\MA-T6.l'< 5"8 VAIlI)S FR..olV\ PI.ANT Date: q - I to - 0 :> Time: \l :2.;0- l\:.So A l'I\ . Employee: A 31) -' N W Sound Level Results Maximum: Average: 5l.{ d Bp.. Download Data File Name: Sl.. c) \ - , PhotoQraph Notes: Lovb 1:t..lS~c.,.. NOIsE. Cc..ric.k4JS , c.;c.c..ck~. . . o:\l... ) ~e. }> I i' 1 ~ \ ~ "I 0( 1 J , tC l " I r: \ Ie \ " 1 \ J\ ll\Q..tGr SKELLY and Lay, Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA, 17110 Ph. 717 232-593 Site Sketch ~(l"'lO\ " :\;",:t.. C Atl#\E.l. ~Nj) ~L.lltw1" o Elevational Cross Section PIA~f' D o D Q o D D a D o D D o Q o Q a D D SKELL V and LOV, Inc. Site # &~R.M 2.. Near-Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client: MA-2.:tIN MA-~\c.TTA MATl::.1t1A1S", :t"-lC. Noise MeterlD: db - 3080 $N 38Q" Location: T~p Of &~ RoM WEST Or LA-lMe.l. s'A,Jb Pl.AtJi Factory Calibration Date: _f;t~2:o '5 '" Noise Source: C.AltME.L ::'~IJl;> pU~."''i' OPS-RATloNf. Field Calibration Date: <1-lb - D3 Distance: APPR.O~\MA-'ic.LY 45S 't'All.1>$ rltot-'l Pl..AIol'i Date: q - 16 - 05 Time: II : lD - t t : So AM Employee: ~ .j b N W "' Notes: Lout> IIoJSE.c..T' NolSE. Sound Level Results Maximum: Average: 5 7 d &f..\ Download Data File Name: 5 L () 2 - \ ~ Photoaraoh ~ ~,lolGo;' ;( \ ... t " 1 1 1 , <. I l( SKELLY and LOY, Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA, 17110 Ph. 717 232-593 Site Sketch BJll.#I'\ C;A9.ll\(L S"N~ ~D Elevational Cross Section ~\y. ~I.AfoJ" n c tt'SI~"'C.~ U D o D o D D D"' D D Q D U D o Q Q D ~ SKELL V and LOV, Inc. Site # IS e ~/'I\ 3 Near~Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client: MARTIN MArt\!:. TiA MA."t'E2.I~L.S 1-",,-. Noise Meter 10: db - 5080 SN 38q7 , Location: \OP Of ~ERM.. "'-leST 6F CA~EI. SA~l> PLAt-JT Factory Calibration Date: 6- ,{J2,:03 Noise Source: C.A~Ml= L SAt-ll> F\..;..~T OPS-RA-'i 10""$ Field Calibration Date: "l ~ lb - 03 Distance: AWRo'/(,\to'\A-TE.L.'( 370 '(ARtiS fRo'" .PI-A~\ Date: Q-lb-03 Notes: Lovl> I ,.. H.C.:'\"' ~c.tS~ Time: \\:Zo- II; So A,f'/\ Employee: AJD NW . Sound Level Results Maximum: Ave'rage: S 1 d BA Download Data File Name: SL 03 - Photoaraoh l<IN<.SwOOD F~~ ~ 1 ... \ " \) l q tl \ .. l I( \ " t <. j \ltS,)t~ SKELLY and LOY, Inc. 2601 'North Front Street Harrisburg PA, 17110 Ph, 717 232-593 Site Sketch ~&.CIl'l CA~ SAil) o Elevational Cross Section '~../IN'f U D o U 'D D D Q. D D D D o U D D D U a Site # belt", L\ SKELLY and lOY, Inc. Near-Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client: (V\/'t'iLTIN MA-R.\E.iiA ~"IOF-\AI.S~ INt... Location: To? Of. ~EItJII\ I WEST Of CAR~L 5ANI) PL..ilINT Noise Source: C.A~ME-L SAi'J~ P L.AN\ OPE.RAT\ON$ Distance: ApI'RO)(IMPtTal..'t' S I ~ 'i"'\l..l)(, fRo", ~L-I>("'i Date: q - \6 - 03 Time: l\:20 - ll: So AM Employee: A;] D N \N Sound Level Results Maximum: Average: Co 0 d .B ~ Download Data File Name: S L 0 4 - I Photoaraph Notes: \<.1~wOOI> o U tI o a P. "'l11i.toIC.~ iM Noise Meter 10: db. 3090 S1\l 389B Factory Calibration Date: b- 92-0 3 Field Calibration Date: q - 110 - 0 .3 Lovt) INSE.'-\ NOI~f= SKELLY and LOY, Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA,17110 Ph. 717 232-593 Site Sketch l=etolCol' ~ lC.. , 1( \ I(, I .( 1 l(, l ~ \ .c; 1 ~ 13 'fc.rdS Elevational Cross Section f/\ t ,.E.Q., ~ CIlA.l"~ ~,."'" P"",~'f iL ~\;I/~ S Q D o U D D D 0- D Q D D D D D D D o o SKELLY and LOY, Inc. Site # t€R.fI\ S Near..field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client: MA~TIN f"/'o.M.\~TT'A M-rTl:t?-.IALS I ~tJc., Noise Meter ID: db - 3090 $N 3q3 7 location: Top Of' ~e.R..JI"\) Wi-5, O~ GAF-l'^E.L. SA~ ?4cN,-Factory Calibration Date: Co - <:JZ - 03 Noise Source: C.A~'y\~/" SAND PL.A-NT OP&.-t.A-TloN> Field Calibration Date: q -I to - 0 3 Distance: AP9RD'X'/i\I'tTf.L'i 12<1 '(AIU')C: fRo/\' ~"'P,NT' Date: q - 1 b - 0 3 Time: t\: 20 - 11:50 AM Employee: A j t> N W Notes: LOUD "It-JS EL.T NOise. Sound level Results Maximum: Average: (., l d-.BA Download Data File Name: S LOS - 1 SKELLY and LOY, Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA,17110 Ph. 717 232-593 Site ketch ,t(.t..,)(oSWODj> fE.roIc.t \?"G.f/\ I .lC . , J\ \ l(, l It \ ~ I lC. l .. 1 1\ ~ \ t'\ t ,., @ CAtu-Q. SA,&Jb Pw,loI't o ~ .~ Elevational Cross Section ~TIl.Il Pv.;.tf D o o o D D. D Q.. a D D D D D D o D D U SKELL V and LOV, Inc. Site # Be.R..M Co Near~Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client: ~F.'f\N MA'-Ie.nA MArE..~'AL5J J:NC-. Noise Meter 10: d.1o.3080 SN 3Q03 Location: Top o~ 5E:RM, J Wt~'f" Of U\RMU SAN\) f'1..A:NT Factory Calibration Date: q. (, - 03 Noise Source: C...2.II\~L SAt-lo P....At-lT C>PER.~"16NS Field Calibration Date: q .lG,- 0 3 Distance: APC'f..c.Y.\ftI\ATf:.L.V 315 VA\lbS rltoM ~A"'T Date: q. [b - 03 Time: l\ : 2..0 - n: So A M Employee: A 3 1) .' I'~ W Notes: Sound Level Results Maximum: Average: (p 3 d B A Download Data File Name: M , A 03 - ( Photoaraph Lovb I.r.JS~c...."'\ ~ISE SKELL V and LOV, Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA, 17110 Ph. 717 232-593 Site S etch Flit-lc.a ~ EtoM. It ) l(. \ ~ 1 eA9J""- S ...... ........l" o ~ ~ ) x.. J @;> N\~" \l.. < k } J< Elevational Cross Section OI\,",~R r/.AtI' Q o D o o D D. Q. D D D U D D D D D D. o SKELLY and lOY. Inc. Site # BE.(l.fi\ 1 Near-Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client: fl!'lAF.ilH MAR,\('ffA fl./'.kTt.2\h.l.-r., t.ac... Noise Meter ID: ,H~, 308(') SN 3~o~_ Location: Top OF BE.~ , W~S"T O~ CMME,l. S~IJP Pl.-A"''' Factory Calibration Date: L.\,# to - 03 Noise Source: CA(l. N\'-1.. SA IJ D P'-4t-J f Dpf.Il~"'ON $ Field Calibration Date: <1- 110 - 0 3 Distance: ApPRo'l(.\M.o."~...V 438 '(~R1>.s F~l"\ rr-ANI Date: q. lb- 03 l\: 2..0 - Il: 50 AM AJD ~W . Time: Employee: Sound Level Results Maximum: Average:~ Download Data File Name: MTA 04 - \ PhotoClraDh e. 1m " l;\'" Notes: LOu!) \(I&JG.$WOOJ) fLl-lc.( /" . l( U ~ ~ lC '0 I G I( I n ~ 0 0 } :0 0 1<; \ 0 P IC. iJ \ \<C, Q \ G. .(, 0 CJO 1 " ]\,H Lt.:, NotSE: SKELLY and LOY, Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA, 17110 Ph. 717 232-593 Site Sketch B~ CA&f/\k SAl\ll> . Pu.to1"'\ Elevational Cross Section V\,AU'f Il\E.'I',e D o D o D D o o o U D o U D D o D D o Site # BEltP\ e SKELLY and LOY, Inc. Near-Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client: {V\.t>.r-TI N MA~ \{ 'f'rA '^....T~~'A~... ~tJc.. Noise M~ter 10: dh. 3680 51\) 38<::\5 Location: ~~~\~b ~E.R.""I WE~T OfCAlt~tl.. ~~tJ!> P!.~NT Factory Calibration Date: ~- 02 - 03 Noise Source: CA~fi\e..L ~"'tJ PL.A-~T OPtf(.~i'I0tJ.s Field Calibration Date: q - lb. 0 3 Distance: A'{'{"Oy..\MII>."'~'-V 32. Pr~t> ~o y~) BE\.\\~O RE.$II>€.t-lc.~.$ Time: '1-16 - 03 \ 2..: b - 12', 3S PM" A3't) , NW . ~tR.t)s AI,)1)(B L~ ltJSE.c.. T$ I Notes: Date: Employee: Sound Level Results Maximum: Average: 51 4BA Download Data File Name: SLOI - 2.. Photoaraph 1.<.1~~WOl)l> Elevational Cross Section ~t.Si6""l f~ ,~\t'" i"...t'r~ JJ-~" " CP<~'l. ~"'b t~A.I\ o P~A"'* ~ D D D D o D D U o D D U o D D o D D o Site # f:>tltM q SKELLY and LOY, Inc. Near-Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client: MAfl.:nN M"R.\fTTA MATH"\"'L5,, !.N~. Location: ~EH\N!) ~f..Il,", . WEST Of CAR~E.l SANZo !>L.AtJ"f. , Noise Source: C.I\-ta./V\~L SAND PLAN' OrE:RAT10t-l.s Distance: APPllo ~ ,.MAT; L:'{ 4D V A'Z.T>r; Bf.I\\Nb R..e.SIDe.JJ,C.~S NoiseMeterID:.db-.308o SN 38'liL Factory Calibration Date: " - 02- 03 Field Calibration Date: q - ll.o - 03 Date: q-l(o-Q3 l2:Io - 12: 3S P'M AJD Nw Notes: lud.c.. is BI(a.'[).$ A\Jb\~Le. , Time: Employee: Sound Level Results Maximum: Averag~: 57 d &A Download Data File Name: S L 02 - L \l.\~~oot) DE-.ELo'I'lI.~t.J1', SKELLY and LOY,lnc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA, 17110 Ph. 717 232-593 Site Sketch ~tr\ Photoaraoh ~4~t 1( I c ) 'I. .~~ ,-.~~; if~~ , jf.-\"~ . f, h ':: " ~ "".1 " \ I( \ I( \ /c' c. ~ 1lF\'-L SA)lb ~AtJT = d;;~: . ~~:r: ~ ~ .... f~' ~':J . ..". Ii' ., I ~3~ Ii; 'J I:l ,::r 4:lo 0 ~ r,;:; B l' '- ~ ., Il-uiO'l.fICo6 iiii' r: ; '- ~~ .~ o Elevational Cross Section f.c.~ ~.... r....."'r 1 o D SKELLY and LOY, Inc. Site # ~~IlM 10 Near-Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet D Client: MM>S\N MAR\t..1'TA ~TER'AL5.,lNc-, NOiseMeterID:db-30S0 SI'J 38q7 Location: gf.~tN'" B~~N\ , INES.T()f.CA~E.l5.otr-.lD PLANT Factory Calibration Date: c'-02-03 , O Noise Source: CA~^"E.L SAN\).PLA-iJl ()l'fRATIClrJ5 Field Calibration Date: cr-\~-03 Distance: AI'Vr-O)r.\MF\iE..LY ~O YL\-(.1)S BE.HII'll) R.eS.lb~NGE.5 o D D U o D D o D D D U o D o Date: <1- \/0-03 12:\0 - \2:3S ASD~ NW PfV\ Time: Employee: Sound Level Results Maximum: Average: ~5 dBA Download Data File Name: S L 0 3 - 2. Photoaraph Notes: Ius '-c...TS . ~l"t) S A \.It)\ &L.E. r-c.e' SKELLY and Lay, Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA, 17110 Ph. 717 232-593 Site Sketch ~V'" C.1lI "",tL EJ Elevational Cross Section R<Z.S ;~<.c. I=CAt.(. B4f 1"\ ~BJ ~'}(' ~ D D D o D D. o D.' D D D D o D D D D Q Q SKELLY and LOY, Inc. Site # !;ERM. l\ Near-Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client: M"'''-tltJ MA\l..\E..iT~ MA-Tf.It\ALS '!.oJc.., Noise Meter 10: ~b ~ 3080 SN "Y398 .. location: Btl-\\rJD ~E.R.M: W(SIOfCARMf.L~N!:> PI..AJJT Factory Calibration Date: 0-02-03 Noise Source: c.A-R-ME.L SA Nt>. PLAN\' OPf.ItAl'oNS. . Field Calibration Date: C} -lb - 03 Distance: ArP,-oXIMA"tf..l.Y L\4. YA(l~ f:>El-\IN)) R,(S 11),1'1(.( Date: C)-16-03 t 2: ( 0 - \ 2 : ~S PM AJD Nw Notes: Time: Employee: Sound level Results Maxi.mum: Average: 56 d.BA Download Data File Name: SL 04 - 2 PhotoQraph 1 tJs c.c..:r S . '\<.'r.lC>>wOOP tlEv(&.oP"'r.orr fCf\C:t. ~t )~-l . '0 '..,I " t '1-1 ,...~ I..~ 0. \. \.\~~ .c O.!L 0 .~ CJ~O l ... \J 1( . l l) t ). I jl t\R..\?S . .Av'bll3lE. SKELLY and LOY, Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA, 17110 Ph. 717 232-593 Site Sketch ~r.... C.t,ILI'\EL SA". .'....)o)T D Elevational Cross Section (l.~~:~- fl_ l;a.rrn D o o o D D D D D D o o o D D o o Q o SKELLY and LOY, Inc. Site # f>E.lt.M. \ 2. Near-Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client: MAltTIN M~'E.TT~ MAiER..\I\LS.I 'INc:.. Noise Meter 10: db- 3oBO 5",) 3937 Location: ~H\lN!) BE.RM. . \tJfS1' OF CARM~L SANb ?I..I\NT Factory Calibration Date: to - 02 - 03 . . ,Noi~e/Source: c.A~M:E..L SAN-!) PLANt' Ore-RATIONS Field Calibration Date: q - Ib - 03 Distance: Ap~~'f..\M~\U.Y l.2.. VARl>$ Rt+\\tJD R!:.SIP~~ Date: ~-1~-63 \2: 10- l2:.>5 AJ"D NvJ / Notes: I tJstc..TS , . ~l\\.'D.s ~VD\gle. Time: P/I\ Employee: Sound Level Results Maximum: Average: 5L\ dBA Download Data File Name: SlDS - 2. PhotoQraph SKELLY and LOY. Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA, 17110 Ph. 717 232-593 Site Sketch \ .. ~ fe"c,(. w'" ~, 4~; c,,~ S...~b o o r ~ .~~..!: ~ .~ Elevational Cross Section (l.~SI~~~E ~~ Sq.,.", t^4.0~tr ~ D D o Q D o a D o o D u a Q ~ D ~ D SKElL V and LOV, Inc. Site # E>~~M. \ 3 Near-Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client: M.A.9..THJ MAIl\~1TA. MAUR1A.L.$ .:tNC-. Noise Meter ID: db. 3DSO Sl\l 3~o 3 Location: t>h,~~ tHN\ WtST 0' CA<<h\tL Slltwb ~1./lj~T Factory Calibration Date: 4 - 17 - 0 3 . Noise Source: CAl.1I\h S,I\Mh PLANT OPe; !l.A't'lo"-l$ Field Calibration Date: '1 ~ I b - 03 Distance: Awou"" N\Il.U LY 29> YAlt'>S Bf:~hJ'I> R,t;.SID'",c.E Date:-- q- \b - 03 Time: \ 2 : l D ~ \ 2 : 3 5 PM Employee: A"S 1:> J 1\:1 W Sound Level Results Maximum: Average: SS d BA Download Data File Name: MTA 03- 2.. Photoaraph . """-} - ~~ r. ..,........t4. !'~i . '..;,._<J'.~ '$- - t..i:l". i ':- \O~ . :. . : ~'J -~ . ...'..:?-'. ';; :'~. ~..;.' . ~ ;; !'. .::l 1lI..;;,~ It., !"I ,.~ 110 ;..~ :l. "I ij~~.~ ~, :' ".~:..t l. I ":<1 ":"," _.~ ~<~ Notes: I,."Sic..iS &\It.1>5 Avb\eLE , 1('>lr:oS",oo1> SKELLY and LOY, Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA,17110 Ph. 717 232-593 Site Sketch o o o i: 0 Cl o : )] ~ ~O / 0 /OqO j:..~ g~~", " 1 C/.\lt.oI\E-t.. SA_~1> tV'~ l(. .. Elevational Cross Section 4s;Jo...cc.- ft"'C, Be.'" -l b-u- ~ fi'-o\c-r D o D o D o o a a o D Q o D ~ D Q ~ o Site # BeftM. \ ~ SKELLY and LOY, Inc. Near-Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client: MAe.,.,~ MAa.\~1TA MAr,R.\~LS.. :INC.. Noise Meter ID: db ~ 3080 SN ~C}0L{ Location: ~UII~1) "tR.M I WE~T O~ URAEI. SAtolb PL&\t.rr Factory Cal.ibration Date: ~ ~ 10 ~o 3 Noise Source: LArtl"\. e.L SA ~l> ~bA""" () Pf.lA""ONS Field Calibration Date: ~ - I h - 03 Distance: APrIlo\(.INlA,'TELV 3C:, AtJ1) .20'<Atos 'tit""../) ~UI\)E~C.ES Date: Cl - Ib - 03 Notes: Ip.)5E.c.TS J BIR.'DS AV!)\ILt: Time: l2; I D - 12; 35 P N\ Employee: . A J D N vJ , Sound level Results Maximum: Average: 5" d BA Download Data File Name: (V\\ ^ 0 L\ - 2... SKELLY and LOY, Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA, 17110 Ph. 717 232-593 Site Sketch L----J Photoaraph k\tJ(,~woOb &(.1.... c....R./t\0- s,,~, P,,~"'i f~ .: \ ( 1 Elevational Cross Section REl-s:lU\~ f~ kr... -Fe 1Z) J N-~ 0 D Site # ~ D ~ D Q ~ D D ~ D 0 ~" Q ~ ~ D Q SKELLY and LOY, Inc. Near-Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client:N\A.llTltJ Mtre.If..TfA MA.T'e.ll\A.\.5 INc.. Noise Meter 10: ~\()N "CI.c - 2l1e . Location: CAlt"U SA")D, & GIl~"~L PLAIoJT Noise Source: C.q.Itll\EL PL.At.lT (c.~us."'Il\l(,ls(.\\.&tJ'I>I" Towt:l\) S N lo,q 00"\ 2.. Factory Calibration Date: Field Calibration Date: ---.9 - 17 - 03 Distance: So I EAS,T Of Tow~~ Date: q-l1- 03 Notes: Time: Employee: A:rt> . ~W . SlOW FAST IMPULSE LEQ SKELLY and LOY, Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA,17110 > Min > Min > Min SEL > > > Max Max Max Peak )41,""' Ph, 717 232-593 Site Sketch ... f' r, .'~ ~ 1..... Elevational Cross Section It- ~f ~ D Site # ~ 0 D 0' 0 0 0 ~ D 0 D ~ Q 0 0 0 D SKELLY and LOY, hie. Near-Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client: MAtl.'t\l-J MAR..\!I.,.,.A MATall.'AL~. 1,.". Location: CAll ,,^e.l, SA~b & bll..~E.L PIoA...,T Noise Source: C.AflP\'l V!..A"''' (Ca.v~"'\t.l61 S-utUe.a uJ6 To.........) Distance: 100' ~ EA.~" OF Towe.1l Date: q ~ II - 0.3 Notes: Time: Employee: A~'t:> "'vJ Noise Meter 10: Q..,O~ no.. .2Qe. S~ 101'\00,"\2.. Factory Calibration Date: Field Calibration Date: Q-\l-03 StoW > Min > Max SKELLY and LOY, Inc. FAST > Min > Max 2601 North F rant Street IMPULSE > Min > Max Harrisburg PA, 17110 LEa SEL Peak Ph. 717 232-593 Site Sketch @~ 100' T lowE-it. -= o 8 Elevational Cross Section ,Ot' D Q Site # ~ D D 0 ~ Q 0 D ~ D 0 i.. ~ 0 0 0 i SKELLY and LOY, Inc. Near-Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client: MAQ.TIN M~IlIETTA MA'TEIt.\ALS :X..ac.. Location: CAR.M'-L ~AWt> t ~tIl.A"'L \'1.Alo.IT Noise Source: LAa../V\2.1. PI-A;.),. (CR.us.,",,~,"1 SC.R.U.J.)\tH, To wt It, ) Noise Meter 10: ~l\\ I'D. "lq~ SN I o,q 001.\2. Factory Calibrl!tion Date: Field Calibration Date: "1-11- 03 StOW FAST IMPULSE LEQ > Min > Min > Min SEL Max Max Max Peak .> > > ~~ """,,7:"~~4 , ,(~~}i ,'/~;i ,,~.~'< ".~ ''"~J ,<~iilol >,; -i~~1 ~! "-j';:l . P"~~ ~)!':~~r:;~ii : t,~. tr"'~\~ ~ f! ."fl'J ifi-:;';'; iii ~~.:~ .'~ ~ ~...~l . '. ';1 :,...;;. ~;.~ t. l?~~ :..~ >,~~,~ :l i ";I.!.(~...1':" 1 , .~. t.;i'~~"lO- ., ~{l:!~{!'ik~ .," "t..". . .~~ '111m :"lr.n .",. ~:~XJ~ SKELLY and LOY, Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA, 17110 Ph. 17 232-593 Site Sketch 8 o ~ Elevational Cross Section 'So' D ~ Site # D Q a cr 0 0 D 0 D ~ D 0 U D D D a SKELLY and LOY, Inc. Near-Field Noise Measurement Data Sheet Client: JV\Ae.T\t.\ N\A.Q.\t.TTA. M"T,-a'AL~ t.""t., . Location: LAR.I'I\.l;.L ~A."'b .a. 1;n."'Vi.L PLAid'" Noise Source: CM.MlLl. PLAN" (C.Q.usM\N6! ~<'IlU"'lsJ 6 "OW~Il) Distance: \00' ~ NOit.'h\ O~ TowQa. Date: q - liu- 0 ~ Notes: Time: Employee: A:rT> J Nw Factory Calibration Date: Noise Meter 10: .R.lON /'IA1qe. SN l o1'\O()~2.. Field Calibration Date: Q-\1-03 StOW > Min > Max FAST > Min' > Max IMPULSE > Min > Max LEO SEL Peak r I I I 'J -, t', " SKELLY and LOY, Inc. 2601 North Front Street Harrisburg PA, 17110 Ph, 17 232-593 Site Sketch \00' Elevational Cross Section D :( '----v-------"' \00' Q 0' '0 '. 0 , I. 0 Q Q '0 '- '0 0 D.... Q .0. 0:' D. 0 0 Q. I 0 ';,1>, /' ; \-i ...."'.. Q i' , t, , i '-." APPE,ND'X.IB : GLOSSARY 'OF' ACOUSTICAL'TERMS. . ., , .' ".,- .\ .' o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o GLOSSARY OF ACOUSTICAL TERMS Source: Cowan, James P. 1994. Handbook of Environmental Acoustics. New York: Von Nestrond Reinhold. Absorption Coefficient (x) - the dimensionless ratio of absorbed to incident sound energy from a single interaction between a sound wave and a partition. Values range from 0 to 1. Absorption (Sound) - the product of absorption coefficient and surface area of a material, in units of sabins, used to designate the amount of sound absorbed by that material. Acoustics - the science or study of sound. Acoustic Trauma - the physical destruction of the inner ear hearing organs resulting from exposure to peak sound pressure levels greater than 140 dB. Acoustic trauma normally results in permanent hearing loss. Active Noise Control - the cancellation of sound waves by introducing a minor impact (1800 out of phase) of the original sound wave to the sound path. Ambient Noise level- the total noise level in the acoustic environment, usually including the noise source of interest. American National Standards Institute (ANSI) - a voluntary federation of United States organizations concerned with the development of standards. ANSI standards are drafted by committees of industry experts and published only after board review and determination of national consensus. . American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) - A voluntary federation of the United States organizations concerned with the development of standard testing methods. ASTM standards are drafted by committees of industry experts. and published only after determination of national consensus. Anechoic Chamber - a room having terminations (walls, floor, and ceiling) that absorb all sound incident on them; used in laboratories to measure direct sound fields from sources. Attenuation - reduction in level. A-Weighting - electronic filtering in sound level meters that models human hearing frequency sensitivity. Background Noise level- the noise level in the acoustic environment, usually excluding the noise source of interest. Bandwidth (BW) - the frequency range of maximum flat filter response in an instrument, the upper and lower frequency limits of which occur where the response drops off by 3 dB. o o u o o o o o o D o o o o o Q Broadband Spectrum - an SPL vs. frequency plot having no discrete frequency dominance or peaks, varying smoothly with frequency. Calibration - using an instrument emitting an accepted SPL and frequency as a reference for ensuring that the monitoring instruments provide reliable results. Coincidence Frequency - the bending wave resonance frequency of a partition, dependent on the material and thickness, that causes a reduction in TL effectiveness in a narrow frequency range around it. Community Noise Equivalent level (CNEl) - a 24-h continuous Leq with 5 dBA added to levels occurring between 7:00 P.M. and 7:00 A.M. The added values are used to account for added sensitivity during evening and typical nighttime sleeping hours. Continuous Sound - sound having a steady, nonimpulsive nature. Coverage Angle (C<) - the angle with respect to the front side of a loudspeaker between locations at which the emitted sound level sensitivity drops off by 6 dB. Critical Frequency - the frequency at which coincidence frequency effects begin to be noticed for a partition. C-Weighting - electronic filtering in sound level meters that models a flat response (output equals input) over the range of maximum human hearing sensitivity. Day-Evening-Night Sound level (lden) - the same as CNEL. Day-Night Sound level (ldn or DNl) - a 24-hour continuous Leq with 10 dBA added to levels occurring between 10:00 P.M. and 7:00 A.M. to account for greater sensitivity during typical sleeping hours. dBA - A-weighted unit of sound pressure level. dBC - C-weighted unit of sound pressure level. Decibel (dB) - a unit of sound level implying ten multiplied by a logarithmic ratio of power or some quantity proportional to power. The logarithm is to the base ten. Diffraction - the act of sound waves traveling around barriers, especially pronounced when the sound wavelength size is comparable to or greater than the dimensions of the barriers. Diffuse Field - area within a room where SPLs do not vary significantly with location. Diffuse fields are caused by reverberation. o Diffusion - the act of found waves spreading out over a wide area after reflecting off of a convex or uneven surface. o o Direct Field - area where the sound measured can be attributed to the source alone without effects of reflections off of walls or obstructions. o o Q o o o o o o D o o o o o o o o o Directivity - the spherical coverage angle characteristics of a source. Directivity Factor (Q) - the ratio of the intensity of a sound source near large reflective surfaces to the intensity when radiating into open space. Directivity Index (D) - 10 x 10g(O), the amount added to the SPL of a spherically radiating source when placed near large reflective surfaces causing the directivity factor used. Echo - the perception of two distinct sounds resulting from the difference in arrival times of sound waves traveling over different paths but originating from.a single source. Effective Perceived Noise level (EPNL) - a rating method used by the FAA for certifying aircraft in terms of the annoyance of aircraft flyovers (in units of EPNdB). Equivalent Sound level (leq) - a SPL that, if constant over a specified time period, would contain the same sound energy as the actual sound that varies in level with time. The reference time period is usually specified in terms of hours in parentheses (e.g., Leq(l) refers to a 1-h Leq value). Exchange Rate - the dBA level associated with a change of noise exposure duration by a factor of two. Far Field - area outside of the near field, where measurements can be reproduced with consistency. Field Impact Insulation Class (FIIC) - an IIC rating using values measured in actual installations rather than in a laboratory. Field Sound Transmission Class (FSTC) - a STC rating using values measured in actual installations rather than in a laboratory. Free Field - area having no obstructions or reflective surfaces in the sound propagation path. Frequency (1) - the rate, in hertz (cycles per second), at which periodic (sinusoidal) acoustic pressure oscillations occur. Frequency is interpreted subjectively as pitch. Humans can hear sounds having frequencies between 20 and 20,000 Hz. Fresnel Number (N) - used in partial barrier analysis, a value defined in acoustic diffraction theory and based on the locations of a source, receiver, and the top ofa barrier. Fundamental Frequency - the lowest resonance frequency of a system. Harmonic - a positive integer multiple of the fundamental acoustic resonance frequency, including the fundamental. The first harmonic corresponds to the fundamental and the second harmonic corresponds to the first overtone. Hearing Protection Device (HPD) - a device, typically either a muff or plug, that covers the ear canal to reduce noise levels before the sound enters the hearing mechanism. o o u o Helmholtz Resonator - also known as a volume resonator, a device having a small opening leading to a larger volume of air used to amplify or absorb sound frequencies covering a limited range. Impact Insulation Class (IIC) - a single number rating system for the sound attenuation effectiveness of floor-ceiling assemblies on impact noises, in which SPLs measured from using a tapping machine are matched to a standard curve. IIC measurements are performed in laboratory- type environments. o Impedance (Acoustic) - the ability of a medium to restrict the flow of acoustic energy, related to the cross-sectional area of the propagation path. When the acoustic impedance of a new medium is the same as that of the first medium, acoustic energy flows through unabated; when there is a change in impedance between media, there is an impedance mismatch and energy flow is restricted. o o o o D o o o o n U D Impulsive Sounds - sounds that last less than 1 s having a sudden start and end. Infrasound - sound waves having dominant frequency components below 20 Hz, the lower frequency limit of human hearing sensitivity. Insertion loss (Il) - the difference, in decibels, between the SPL before and after a sound- attenuating device is placed in the path between the source and receiver. Inverse Square law - the condition in open spherical wave sound propagation from a point source in which intensity drops off as the reciprocal of the square of the distance from the source. This translates to the ideal condition that SPL drops off at a rate of 6 dB per doubling of distance from the source. line Source - a sound source composed of many point sources in a defined line, such as a steady stream of traffic on a highway or a long train. Mass law - a relationship that relates a doubling in mass or frequency to a 6-dB increase in TL for a homogeneous partition over a specific frequency range. Narrow Band Analyzer - a spectrum analyzer that measures sound levels in terms of frequency bands smaller than octave bands. ' Near Field - area, closed to a sound source, where sound measurements fluctuate dramatically. Noise - unwanted sound. Noise Abatement Criteria (NAC) - noise level limits, in terms of Leq(1) or L10(1)' promulgated by Federal Highway Administration regulations for vehicular traffic noise generated by the construction of new highways or the expansion of existing ones. o D o Noise Isolation Class (NIC) - a single number rating of the sound attenuation effectiveness of a partition based on matching NRTL values to a standard curve. o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o n . o o Noise level Reduction (NlR) - the outdoor-to-indoor attenuation of noise levels afforded by the exterior wall of a building. The NLR is used only in FAA mitigation recommendations. Noise Reduction (NR) - the reduction of sound level within a room caused by adding absorptive material to the room). Noise Reduction (NRTL) - a measure of the sound attenuation effectiveness of a partition, the difference between average SPls in two rooms with a noise source of interest in one of the rooms. Noise Reduction Coefficient (NRC) - a single number rating system for absorption coefficients over the speech frequency range. The NRC is defined mathematically as the arithmetic average of the absorption coefficients at 250, 500, 1000, and 2,000 Hz. Noise Reduction Rating (NRR) - a rating, in decibels, of the effectiveness of HPDs on reducing noise levelS reaching the hearing mechanism. Noise-Sensitive Location - a defined area where human activity may be adversely affected when noise levels exceed predefined thresholds of acceptability or when levels increase by predefined thresholds of change. Octave Band - a frequency band whose upper limit is twice the lower limit and is identified by a geometric mean frequency called the center frequency. Standard octave band center frequencies are defined in ANSI Standard S1.6-1984. Octave Band Analyzer - an instrument that measures sound levels in terms of octave bands. Omnidirectional Source - a source that emits equal amounts of energy in all directions, generating spherical waves. Outdoor-Indoor Transmission Class (OITC) - an A-weighted rating of the sound reduction effectiveness of a partition that separates an indoor from an outdoor environment. Overtone - a positive integer multiple of a fundamental acoustic resonance frequency, beginning at twice the fundamental. Passenger Car Equivalent (PCE) - a unit used in traffic studies to account for the fact that trucks emit higher noise levels than cars. Percent Highly Annoyed (%HA) - parameter used to rate annoyance against ldn noise levels. Percentile Levels - (In 0 < n < 100) the percentage of observation time that a certain SPl has been exceeded. For example, llO corresponds to the SPL exceeded 10% of the observation time, The observation time is usually specified in terms of hours in parentheses (e.g., L10(1) refers to a 1-h L,o value). Point Source - a source whose dimensions are small compared with propagation distances described in reference to it. . Presbycusis - hearing loss attributed to the aging process. o o o o o w o o o o o o o o o o o o o Pure Tone - a sound dominated by energy in a single frequency. Reflection - the act of sound bouncing off of a partition, usually occurring from smooth, hard surfaces. Refraction - the act of sound waves bending or changing propagation direction as they travel from one medium or medium condition (such as temperature, density, humidity, or wind current) into another. Resonance (Acoustic or Room) - the generation of standing waves within a space at specific frequencies that correlate certain fractions of wavelengths and integer multiples of them with the dimensions of the space. Resonance (Mechanical) - an increase in response of a material at a specific frequency that is dependent on the physical characteristics of the material. Reverberant Field - same as diffuse field. Reverberation - the amplification of sound within an enclosed space caused by multiple reflections off reflective terminations (Le., walls, ceilings, floors, or obstacles) of the room. Reverberation Chamber - a room having terminations (walls, floor, and ceiling) that reflect all sound incident on them; used in laboratories to set up diffuse sound fields from sources. Reverberation Time (RT6o or T6o) - the time, in seconds, that it takes for the SPl in a room to decrease by 60 dB after a sound source (emitting levels more than 60 dB above the background level) has stopped emitting sound. Shadow Zone - an area below which sound waves have bent upward because of atmospheric conditions. In such areas, a distant sound source would not be as loud as expected. Sociocusis - hearing loss attributed to nonoccupational environmental factors. Sound Concentration - the focusing of sound waves caused by reflections from concave surfaces or any other surface that causes sound waves to focus at a particular location. Sound Exposure Level (SEL) - a rating, in decibels, of a discrete event, such as an aircraft flyover or train pass by, that compresses the total sound energy of the event into a 1-s time period. Sound Intensity - a quantity that describes sound in terms of both magnitude and direction of propagation. Sound level Meter (SlM)- an instrument used to measure sound pressure levels. Sound Power Level (Lw) - 10 xlog(W/Wrel), where W = power and Wrtel = 10 X 10.12 W. Sound Pressure Level (SPL or Lp) - 20 x 10g(P/Prel), where p = root mean square acoustic pressure and Ptel = 2x 10-5 N/M2. Prel corresponds to the pressure at the threshold of hearing. o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o Sound Transmission Class (5TC) - a single number rating for a TL spectrum of a partition matched to a standard curve. STC measurements are performed in laboratory-type environments. Spectrum - a graphical representation of sound level versus frequency. Spectrum Analyzer - a device that measures and manipulates spectra, available in many bandwidth possibilities. Octave band analyzers are the most common types of spectrum analyzers. Speech Interference Level (SIL) a single number rating for speech intelligibility, the arithmetic average of SPLs in the 500-, 1,000-, 2,000-, and 4,000-Hz octave bands. Standard Threshold Shift (ST5) - an average loss of 10 dB in hearing ability at 2,000, 3,000, and 4,000 Hz, on a temporary basis, caused by high-level noise exposure; also known as temporary threshold shift (TIS). Threshold of Hearing (0 dBA) - the SPL blow which sound cannot be heard by the average person with a healthy hearing mechanism. Threshold of Pain (120 dBA) - the SPL over which sound causes physical pain to the average listener's ears. Time-Weighted Average (TWA) - a noise exposure rating in dBA based on a 8-h Leq with a 5-dBA exchange rate for OSHA compliance. Tinnitus- a ringing or buzzing sound heard by an individual when the source of that sound is a medical abnormality or over-extension in th auditory system. Transducer - a device that transforms energy from one form into another. Tansmissibility - used in vibration analysis, the ratio of output to input energy transmitted from a vibrating source to another material. Transmission Coefficient (t) - the dimensionless ratio of transmitted to incident sound energy from a single interaction between a sound wave and a partition. Values range from 0 to .1. Transmission Loss (TL) - a measure of the sound attenuation effectiveness of a partition, in units of decibels. Ultrasound - sound waves having dominant frequency components above 20,000 Hz, the upper frequency limit of human hearing sensitivity. Wavelength (w) - the distance between successive repeating portions of a pure tone sound wave.