Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutCause No 29D05-0411-MI-2783 STATE OF INDIANA cSU~A/l;MONS \0 r \ I ... 1~~4 HQ~ :J . . ,,~ .:" )~ ,. :':,,~:\ \_i~,,\jti'f1AMi~\Ne.N SUPERIOR CO "\"1\\<')\ ,S8. ,,--...~ 2 9 0 05 0 COUNTY OF HAMilTON ,Jl...~ r\..... ~ i,li,""M"!",.J:::CAi;'fSE NO. - 14 r ....t:::::.~ ..; " r---- '~~1 r"~\ \="tJ }I.' ~ (......J1'l..':o}.--~ WilLIAM D, McEVOY, ) GREGORY M. POLlCKA, ) SUSAN BECKER, ) REX ,A WEIPER, ) RENE PIMENTEL, ) DONALD K. CRAFT, ) Petitioners, ) v. ) ) CARMEL/CLAY ADVISORY BOARD OF ZONING APPEALS, ) Respondent. ) TO DEFEN DANT: Carmel/Clay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals, in care of the Department of Community Services Carmel Town Hall Carmel, IN 46032 You are hereby notified that you have been sued by the person named as plaintiff and in the Court indicated above. The nature of the suit against you is stated in the complaiht, which is attached to this Summons. It also states the relief sought or the demand made against you by the Plaintiff. An answer or other appropriate response in writing to the complaint must be filed either by you or your attorney within twenty(20) days, commencing the day after you receive this Summons, (or twenty- three(23) days if this Summons was received by mail), or a judgment by defaultmay be rendered against you for the relief demanded by plaintiff. If you have a claim for relief against the plaintiff arising from the same transaction or occurrence, you must assert it in your written answer. If you need the name of an attorney, you may contact the Indianapolis Bar Association lawyer Referral Service (269-2222), or the HAMilTON County Bar Association lawyer Referral Service (634-3950). The telephone number and address for this Court are 317.327.4222, City County-Building, Rm. W-406, 200 East Washington St., Indianapolls, IN 46204. ~ 5 ~ ,,-J:J~ Dated: f 'A-.I( .. . 04 Clerk, HAMil T RiO~':J~bUR? The following manner' of Service of Summons is hereby designated. xx Registered or Certified Mail Service on Individual Service at Place of Employment, to wit: ., Private Service .~~ 0' Philip C. Thrasher, Esq, Atty N " 1075-49 THRASHER BUSCHMANN GRIFFITH & VOELKEL, P.C, 151 N, Delaware St., Ste. 1 900 Indianapolis, IN 46204, (317) 686-4773 c~.,tl i~r) t~ ~ ~~ ~:lL~ t~~ , "2.. - - .~ 1 .~ ~ I' .' ~ J '~f -.l: ST ATE OF INDIANA :'[' , ~., \ - ~ ,~~ i I HAMILTON COUNTY SUPERlOR C Inot, ND'J 2'-+ M'" 1: 35 ROOM NO. _ .t) m ""',/ J~r,\\pT~ 2 9 D Q5 .. 0' ~ 1 ~7\M~ "\ '"I COUNTY OF HAMIL19~, H!~',f"\'V:" ~,':::~Ii 1 ~:>kUS'E NO. .' -.. .' . . 1\ Ll.- 01. l ("'''''''- i"\ I'~' ~",,'_"".r} ..Ja.l) ";:'\~, ... ,-'l~-( "'.hI, iI., - _"10 William D. McEvoy, Gregory M. Policka, Susan Becker, Rex A. Weiper, Rene Pimentel, and Donald K. Craft v. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Petitioners, (Appellant Intervenors, below) CARMEL/CLAY ADVISORY BOARD OF ZONING APPEALS, Respondent. NOTICE OF FILING PETITION FOR WRIT OF CERTIORARl TO REVIEW DECISION OF CARMEL/CLAY ADVISORY BOARD OF ZONING APPEALS AND SHOW CAUSE ORDER TO: ALL ADVERSE PARTIES OF RECORD AND CARMELlCLA Y ADVISORY BOARD OF ZONING APPEALS You, and each of you, are hereby notified that the Petitioners! Appellant Intervenors in the above and foregoing entitled action have filed their Petition for W fit of Certiorari on behalf of said Petitioners! Appellant Intervenors herein, within thirty (30) days of and from the date and entry of the decision and order by the Cam1ellClay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals in Docket No. 04060001 A_, said decision and order being dated October 25, 2004, and affecting the premise'S located at an commonly described as Martin Marietta Materials, Iuc.'s Cam1el Sand and Gravel Plant located approximately at l06th Street and Hazel Dell Parkway, Cannel, Indiana, which decision ratifying the Letter of Determination and allowing the Carmel Sand Plant to continue in operation. The said Petition for Writ of Certiorari has been filed in the Superior Court of Hamilton County, under the cause number and caption as set forth above and prays that a citation issue for r respondent Cannel/Clay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals to show cause why a Writ should not issue herein, and further prays that the decision of the Carmel/Clay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals be reversed and declared illegal, unconstitutional and without force and effect. You are further notified that the Respondent, Carmel/Clay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals, is hereby ordered pursuant to this notice that it is to show cause, if any it may have, on or before the 91ft.... day of ,J!1u.P~.N2.--t, 2005 at ~,' / '1 o'clock -f2.m., why a Writ of Certiorari to review said decision of said Carmel/Clay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals should not issue. Date: / / -/9 -() .r; ~~d7~ Judge, Hamilton Superior Comi SHERIFF: Please serve a copy to each of the following: Martin Marietta Materials, Inc. c/o CT Corporation System, Registered Agent 251 E. Ohio Street Suite 1100 Indianapolis, Indiana 46204 Mr. Zeff A. Weiss, Esq., Ice Miller One American Square, Box 82001, Indianapolis, IN 46282-0002 Mr. Michael Hollibaugh, Director, Department of Community Services, Carmel Town Hall, Carmel, IN 46032 Mr. Thomas Yedlick, 5053 St. Charles Place Carmel, IN 46033 Carmel/Clay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals, in care of the Department of Community Services Carmel Town Hall Carmel, IN 46032 .0' 'r:;j J) ~ ,'~' . l r'-"" r~ ~:~~: ST A TE OF INDIANA COUNTY OF HAMILTON ;u:r~f:,Hi\:ic{IL\ CQl\USECttllJOS r--.. !j , . -'~'" . -'_ '-;l~ Q",JJ~.--''f"'"''''''.~\~ .j.::~1'-'~~ William D. McEvoy, Gregory M.'polick~, Susan Becker, Rex A. Weiper, Rene Pimentel, and Donald K. Craft Petitioners, (Appellant Intervenors, below) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ~ v. CARMEL/CLAY ADVISORY BOARD OF ZONING APPEALS, Respondent. ORDER TO SHO\V CAUSE Petitioners/Appellant Intervenors William D. McEvoy, Gregory M. Policka, Susan Becker, Rex A. Weiper, Rene Pimentel, and Donald K. Craft (the "Petitioners"), having filed their Verified Petition for Writ of Certiorari ("Petition") in this action, and the Court, having reviewed the Petition, and being duly advised, NOW FINDS that the Cannel/Clay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals ("BZA") should be directed to show cause why a Writ of Certiorari should not issue to the BZA. IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED that the BZA shall show cause within twenty (20) days from the date of the Petition why a Writ of Certiorari should not issue to the BZA, and the Sheriff of Hamilton County, Indiana, is ordered to serve a coy of this Order, together with copies of the Verified Petition for Writ of Certiorari and Notice (of the filing of the Petition) upon the the members of the BZA, Martin Marietta Materials, Inc., ZeffWeiss, Thomas Yedlick, and upon the D. irector of the Department of communit4Servi es of Cam)o/, Iia. n1~ . unty, t- ./ {;;, I') Dated: /1-/ q -0,/ ~ t. ...rtA J11 GE, HamIlton Supenor Court Idiana. .. ' ~..r- rcJ .. copies to: Martin Marietta Materials, Inc. c/o CT Corporation System, Registered Agent 251 E. Ohio Street Suite 1100 Indianapolis, Indiana 46204 Mr. Zcff A. Weiss, Esq., Ice Miller One American Square, Box 82001, Indianapolis, IN 46282-0002 Mr. Michael Hollibaugh, Director, Department of Community Services, CalmcI Town HaU, Carmel, IN 46032 Mr. Thomas Yedlick, 5053 81. Charles Place Carmel, IN 46033 Carmel/Clay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals, in care of the Department of Community Services Carmel Town Hall Carmel, IN 46032 Philip C. Thrasher, Esq. Thrasher Buschmann Griffith & Voelkel, P.c. 151 N. Delaware Street Suite 1900 Indianapolis, Indiana 46204 !.... ,~ ,.~ ~-\ j,." l! ~~' Ji ., ~ b~u-~~ p STATE OF INDIANA10n~ WJ\~ \ 9 1~1<1~; \ 9 ) S5. COUNTY OF HAMJ~rJP~~,ti',il)n CL'rJ\ COUF!.TS ...L'C:\~,..iIJ~"."'''''' .-_____.:, _~ l\ .~. . 1:'_ WILLIAM D. MCEVOY,c-~(~"'-'--'l--:"'/<"-- J GREGORY M. POLlCKA, SUSAN BECKER, REX A. WEIPER, RENE PIMENTEL, DONALD K. CRAFT, CAUSE NO. Petitioners, v. CARMEL/CLAY ADVISORY BOARD OF ZONING APPEALS, Respondent. APPEARANCE BY ATTORNEY IN CIVIL CASE Party Classification: Initiating x Responding Intervening _ 1. The undersigned attorney and all attorneys listed on this form now appear in this case for the following party member(s): WILLIAM D. MCEVOY, GREGORY M. POLlCKA, SUSAN BECKER, REX A. WEIPER, RENE PIMENTEL and DONALD K. CRAFT 2. Applicable attorney information for service as required by Trial Rule 5(B)(2) and for case information as required by Trial Rules 3.1 and 77(B) is as follows: Name: Philip C. Thrasher Atty Number: 1075-49 Address: Thrasher Buschmann Griffith & Voelkel, P.C. Phone: (317) 686-4773 151 N. Delaware St., Ste. 1900 FAX: (317) 686-4777 Indianapolis, IN 46204-2505 Computer Address: thrasher@indiana-attorneys.com 3. There are other party members: Yes No X (If yes, list.) 4. If first initiating party filing this case, the Clerk is requested to assign this case the following Case Type under Administrative Rule 8(b)(3):~ 5. I will accept service by FAX at the above noted number: Yes No X 6. This case involves support issues. Yes security numbers for all family members.) No X (If yes, supply social ;:J. 7. There are related cases: Yes No X (If yes, list Caption and Case No.) 8. This form has been served on all other parties. Certificate of Service is attached: Yes No X 9. Additional information required by local rule: ~?~~., 41 ztt !-....~ ~ ./ C) - /I /') ,// - ,-. .'J1./+-f.<---... /[C"f" Philip C. Thrasher ~ Attorney information shown above Authority: Pursuant to Trial Rule 3.1 (B), this form shall be filed upon the first appearance in the case. In emergencies, the requested information shalf be supplied when it becomes available. Parties shafl advise the court of a change in information previously provided to the court. This format is approved by the Division of State Court Administration. \\Server\d\WPFI LES\021330\Appearance - peT.doc bl~ r.::t'lJ ~ j r.._~pb.j -.' /J ....' ~. ~~ STATE OF INDIANA ZDO~ ~!OV 19 COUNTY OF HAMIL T@NiK, Ii'!: l.:l'-:"~:"l 1,~.~uiDA:Q1.SIffiNO. "., ^~. S-;,)" "~.'" .....v"i~-~~, ...-=-)::.~f,:,_ William D. McEvoy, Gregory M. Policka, Suian ) Becker, Rex A. Weiper, Rene Pimentel, and Donald ) K. Craft ) ) Petitioners, ) (Appellant Intervenors, below) ) ) v. ) ) CARMEL/CLAY ADVISORY BOARD OF ZONING APPEALS, ) ) Respondent. ) VERIFIED PETITION FOR WRIT OF CERTIORARI TO REVIEW DECISION OF BOARD OF ZONING APPEALS William D. McEvoy, Gregory M. Policka, Susan Becker, Rex A. Welper, Rene Pimentel, and Donald K. Craft (the "Petitioners"), by counsel, petition this Court pursuant to Ind. Code 9 36-7-4-1003 for a writ of certiorari to review the action of the Carmel/Clay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals ("the BZA") taken October 25, 2004, in which the BZA denied the Application for Board of Zoning Appeals Action-Appeal Request, filed on July 15, 2004 by Thomas Yedlick (the "Appeal Application"), and denied the requests of the Petitioners in their Notice of Intervention filed July 23, 2004 (the "Notice of Intervention"), both of which appealed the decision of the Director (the "Director") of the Department of Community Services of the City of Carmel (the "DOCS") that a certain use was a legal non-conforming use. The Appeal Application and Notice of Intervention were combined and docketed before the BZA as No. 04070020 A (the "Appeal"). ~~... In support of this petition, Petitioner states: 1. On December 16, 2003, Thomas Yedlick (HYedlick") filed a letter ("Complaint") with the DOCS alleging that a certain sand and gravel processing plant located north of 1 06th Street and west of Hazel Dell Parkway, Carmel, Indiana (the- "Carmel Sand Plant") was being operated as an illegal nonconforming use by Martin Marietta Materials, Inc. ("MM"), successor by merger to American Aggregates Corporation, the nominal owner of the Land and the Carmel Sand Plant. The basis for this allegation was that MM was importing raw sand and gravel aggregate from off-site for processing, storage, and sale in violation of the applicable zoning. Yedlick further alleged that such processing constituted a commercial manufacturing activity not permitted by the current zoning. 2. The land in question contains approximately 70 acres, now covered mostly with a lake but with the Carmel Sand Plant located in the middle of the tract. The tax parcel number for the Land is 1714040000018.00, in the City of Carmel, Clay Township, Hamilton County, Indiana (hereinafter, the "Land"). 3. On or about June 11, 2004, the DOCS submitted to the BZA the question of whether or not or not the use of the Carmel Sand Plant was a legal nonconforming use to the BZA. The DOCS docketed the case as Docket No. 04060001 A. The Petitioners and MM intervened in such action. 4. Following a pre-hearing conference, the Director withdrew Docket No. 04060001 A and issued a letter dated June 24, 2004 (the "Letter of Determination"), stating in pertinent part: 2 2. The land uses that were established on Martin Marietta's properties on or about May 17, 2002, constituted legal, nonconforming uses; 3. Those uses do not appear to have been substantially modified, expanded, or added to since May 2002; and 4. Therefore, those uses remain legal, nonconforming uses under the Carmel/Clay Zoning Ordinance which may not be substantially modified, expanded, or added to without a change of zoning classification or Board approval of a special use or variance. Letter of Determination, page 1, a true and accurate copy of which is attached hereto and incorporated herein. 5. On July 15, 2004, Yedlick filed his Appeal Application. The Appeal was docketed for the BZA as Docket No. 04070020 A. 6. On July 23, 2004, the Petitioners, by counsel, filed their Notice of Intervention in Docket No. 04070020 A. MM intervened in the matter on August 17, 2004. 7. At the October 13, 2004 hearing, despite requests from the Petitioners for additional time, the BZA adopted a special rule limiting the time for presentation of evidence to 15 minutes per party, permitting cross-examination of witnesses at the end of each presentation, and allowing five minutes per party for rebuttal and summation. Counsel for the Petitioners timely objected to these time constraints on the grounds that it did not allow sufficient time for presentation of the large amount of evidence that was available and necessary for a full and fair hearing of the Appeal. Such objection was overruled. 3 8. At the conclusion of the presentation of evidence by all parties, the BZA continued the hearing to October 25, 2004 for the purpose of analyzing the testimony and written materials provided by the parties and to prepare questions for the parties to be answered at the October 25, 2004 hearing. 9. Before 4:00 p.m. on October 21, 2004, the Petitioners filed their Post-hearin;J Brief dated October 20, 2004 with the DOCS, which functions as the office of and for the BZA, and requested that the Post-hearing Brief be forwarded to the members of the BZA. 10. The DOCS, the Respondent in the Appeal, refused to forward the Petitioners) Post-hearing Brief to the BZA, so the Post-hearing Brief was not received by any member of the BZA prior to the October 25, 2004 hearing. 11. At the continued hearing on October 25, 2004, the Petitioners requested that the DOCS provide to each BZA member a copy of the Petitioners' Post-hearing Brief. Petitioners then filed an Objection to the withholding of the Post-hearing Brief. ., This request and Objection were denied and the BZA elected to proceed to a conclusion on the Appeal without the benefit of reviewing the Petitioners' Post- hearing Brief. 12. At the conclusion of the October 25, 2004 hearing on the Appeal, the BZA voted three to one to deny the Appeal, thereby ratifying the Letter of Determination and allowing the Carmel Sand Plant to continue in operation. 13. The Petitioners are aggrieved by the BZA's decision affirming the Letter of Determination, allowing the continued operation of the Carmel Sand Plant on the Land. 4 14. The actions of the BZA are illegal for the following reasons: 14.1. Violation of Procedural Due Process-Inadequate Time for Presentation of Evidence at the Hearing: The limitation of presentations by the BZA was arbitrary, capricious, and an abuse of discretion because it effectively eliminated the presentation of most of the evidence available from the PetitIoners. Having granted an evidentiary hearing, it was arbitrary, capricious, an abuse of discretion, and a violation of the constitutional rights of the Petitioners, for the BZA to restrict artificially the presentation of relevant evidence by the Petitioners. Further, the BZA permitted only five minutes for rebuttal and summation at the conclusion of the October 13, 2004 hearing, thereby effectively limiting proper rebuttal, summation, and legal argument by the Petitioners. The adoption of the temporary rule limiting the time for presentation and analysis of evidence by the BZA caused the BZA to be poorly informed concerning the facts and issues in the Appeal, caused great prejudice to the Petitioners, and resulted In an incorrect and illegal decision. 14.2. ViolatIon of Due Process-Withholding of Information from the BZA by the DOCS: The BZA, by its administrative arm, the DOCS, arbitrarily, in abuse of its discretion, illegally, in violation of the constitutional rights of the Petitioners to a fair hearing, in excess of its statutory authority, and in violation of BZA rules, withheld delivery of the Petitioners' Post-hearing Brief on October 21, 2004 from the members of the BZA. The Post-. hearing Brief was the Petitioners' response to the new issues raised for 5 the first time by MM at the October 13, 2004 hearing and would have provided necessary analysis and information concerning such new issues that the BZA otherwise did not receive. By illegally withholding such information, the members of the BZA were unable to make proper inquiries of the parties at the October 25, 2004 hearing, resulting in great prejudice to the Petitioners and an arbitrary, capricious, and illegal decision. By refusing to consider the Post-hearing Brief at the October 25, 2004 hearing, the BZA acted arbitrarily, capriciously, in abuse of its discretion, and in violation of the Petitioners' constitutional rights to a fair hearing. 14.3. The Upholding of the Decision by the DOCS Is Unreasonable and Unsupported. The failure by the BZA to overturn the Letter of Determination is arbitrary, capricious, an abuse of discretion, not in accordance with law, and unsupported by substantial evidence. The Director of the DOCS failed to demonstrate in his testimony before the BZA that the decisions set forth in the Letter of Determination were supported by any credible evidence. The Director's brief testimony at the hearings did not include any exhibits or witnesses from which it could be concluded that the Director had analyzed the prior use of the land that is the subject of the Appeal or its lack of compliance with prior ordinances. Further, the Director submitted no documentary information whatsoever. Therefore, the Letter of Determination is without legal or factual basis and should have been overturned by the BZA. 6 14.4. The Nonconforming Use is Illegal. By refusing to overturn the Letter of Determination, the BZA approved the contents thereof, which include a statement that the use of the Land is a legal, rather than illegal, nonconforming use. Such approval is arbitrary, not in accordance with law, and unsupported by substantial evidence, and is therefore illegal. Contrary to the decision of the BZA, the overwhelming evidence establishes that the use of the Land for mining and the Carmel Sand Plant have been illegal since the commencement of mining thereon and construction of the Carmel Sand Plant, and that such uses continue to be illegal because they have never complied with any applicable ordinance, past or present. The failure of the BZA to hold such uses to be illegal is itself illegal. 14.5. Failure to Prove Legal Nonconforming Use Status Based on Ind. Code S 36-7 -4-1103. The determination by the BZA that the Land is not in an "urban area" for purposes of Ind. Code S 36-7-4-1103 is not in accordance with law and therefore is illegal. Further, because the evidence clearly demonstrates that the Land was always a part of an urban area, such statute would not apply and reliance thereon by the BZA is unsupported by substantial evidence and not in accordance with law. 14.5.1. Failure to Prove Change of Zoning Status by Agreement. Reliance by the BZA on two different agreements entered into by and between American Aggregates Corporation and the City of Carmel in 1997 (the "1997 Agreement") and Martin Marietta Materials, Inc., the City of Carmel, 7 and others in 2002 (the "2002 Settlement and Release Agreement") to essentially permit contract zoning, is arbitrary, capricious, and a violation of constitutional rights in Indiana. The BZA held these Agreements estopped the City of Carmel from asserting that the Carmel Sand Plant was not a legal conforming use. The BZA also found that these Agreements changed the zoning status of the Carmel Sand Plant from an illegal to a legal nonconforming use. Reliance on such Agreements is improper because (a) contract zoning is not permitted in Indiana; (b) neither of the Agreements in question were executed by a division of government empowered to change zoning status, being the BZA, the Carmel/Clay Advisory Plan CommiSSion, or the Common Council of the City of Carmel; and, (c) the 2002 Settlement and Release Agreement by its own terms does not purport to control the authority of the BZA or Carmel/Clay Advisory Plan Commission. 14.6. Failure to Prove a Permitted Use Based on Carmel/Clay Zoning Ordinance Subsection 28.01.06. The determination by the BZA that Subsection 28.01.06 of the Carmel/Clay Zoning Ordinance, set forth below, is applicable is arbitrary, capricious, and illegal: 28.01 Legal Nonconforming Use Specifications. A legal nonconforming use may be continued, although such use does not conform to all the provisions of this Ordinance, as hereinafter provided: 8 28.01.06 Existing uses eligible for special use approval shall not be considered legal nonconforming uses nor require special use approval for continuance but shall require special use approval for any alteration, enlargement or extension. Carmel/Clav Zoning Ordinance, 9 28.01. At the hearing, MM and the DOCS failed to establish that the use was originally a legal nonconforming use. Having failed to prove such status, Subsection 28.01.06 is inapplicable. To the extent the BZA decision is based on this Subsection, its decision is arbitrary, capridous, not in accordance with law, and unsupported by substantial evidence. 14.7. Construction of the Carmel Sand Plant In 1992 Was an Illegal Expansion of a Nonconforming Use. In the alternative, if the BZA found, arquendo, that mineral extraction prior to construction of the Carmel Sand Plant was legal, the construction of a large sand and gravel processing plant on the Land in approximately 1992 represents an illegal expansion of such use because no buildings or other improvements are to be constructed within legal nonconforming uses without permits from the City of Carmel. No such permits were requested or approved. To the extent the BZA found that the construction of the Carmel Sand Plant was a legal expansion of the prior use, its decision is arbitrary, capricious, not in accordance with law, and unsupported by substantial evidence. 9 14.8. Operation of the Carmel Sand Plant is an Illegal Change of a Nonconforming Use. In the alternative, if the BZA found, arquendo, that mineral extraction prior to construction of the Carmel Sand Plant was legal and found that the construction of a large sand and gravel processing plant on the Land in approximately 1992 was legal, then the BZA also found that such uses are nonconforming. Being nonconforming uses, then under the Carmel/Clay Zoning Ordinance they may not be changed'. without a permit. Use of the Carmel Sand Plant for the processing df aggregate into marketable sand and gravel, including stockpiling of finished product and retail sales thereof (hereinafter collectively referred to as "Processing"), is represents a change of use because Processing, which is in the nature of a industrial operation followed by retail sales, had not been a part of the use at any time prior to 1992. As such, it represents a significant change of use without a permit of any kind and is therefore illegal. To the extent the BZA found that the Processing conducted by MM on the Land was legal the BZA's decision was arbitrary, capricious, not in accordance with law, and unsupported by substantial evidence. 14.9. Importation of Sand and Gravel Aggregate from Off-site for Processing at the Carmel Sand Plant is Illegal. In the alternative, if the BZA found that Processing of sand and gravel that was mined from the Land was a legal nonconforming use, the importation of raw aggregate to the Carmel Sand . Plant represents a change of use. The change is in the nature of the Carmel Sand Plant wherein Processing was converted from an ancillary 10 use with respect to mining into the primary and perhaps sole use of the Land. Because Processing is industrial and retail in nature, it is not permitted under the current zoning and could only be allowed when it is ancillary to the primary purpose of mining. When the primary use is terminated, as it was in 2002 when active mining ceased on the Land, the ancillary uses must also be terminated. Therefore, the Carmel Sand Plant could not be legally used for Processing of off-site minerals without a permit. To the extent the BZA approved of the use of the Carmel Sand Plant for Processing off-site minerals without a valid permit, its decision is arbitrary, capricious, not in accordance with law, and unsupported by substantial evidence. 14.10. At the October 25, 2004 hearing, the BZA rejected the Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law tendered by the Petitioners on October 13, 2004 and in their Post-hearing Brief dated October 20, 2004, and instead adopted the Proposed Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law offered by MM. DOCS offered no proposed findings of fact or conclusions of law. Said adopted Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law are clearly erroneous based on the facts in evidence and the applicable law. Therefore, adoption of such Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law by the BZA was arbitrary, capricious, not In accordance with law, and unsupported by substantial evidence. In particular, in its proposed findings of fact and conclusions of law, the BZA found that MM could claim legal nonconforming use status for the Land, which was purchased in II 1964 as a farm, and legal nonconforming use for the Carmel Sand Plant, which was erected between 1990 and 1992, because American Aggregates Corporation was operating a small sand mine and small processing plant more then one-half mile north of the Land in 1964. Indiana law does not permit this kind of "tacking" of land uses, Stuckman v. Kosciusko County Board of Zoning Appeals, 506 N.E.2d 1079 (Ind.1987), especially when separated by time, distance, and intervening ownerships from each other, to extend legal nonconforming use status to land that would otherwise never qualify as such. Therefore, to the extent the BZA decision is based on the concept that tacking is permitted, the decision is illegal because it is arbitrary, capricious, not in accordance with law, and unsupported by substantial evidence. WHEREFORE, Petitioners request that: 1. The Court Issue a citation to the Carmel/Clay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals to show cause why a writ of certiorari should not issue; 2. The Court require the Carmel/Clay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals certify to the Court for review all pages, petitions, exhibits, transcripts of proceedings, and videotaped recordings of the proceedings of said Board in connection with the Appeal, including, but not limited to, the hearings on October 13, 2004 and October 25, 2004; 3. Following due consideration and review of all of the said proceedings and information, the Court set this matter for an evidentiary hearing to supplement the 12 evidence and facts disclosed by the return to the writ of certiorari and/or for oral argument; 4. Following said evidentiary hearing and/or oral argument, the Court reverse the decision of said Board and mandate the adoption of the Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law tendered by the Petitioners in their Post-hearing Brief; 5. The Court award the Petitioners the costs of this proceeding; and 6. The Court award the Petitioners all other and further relief as may be just and proper based on the evidence. [signature on next page] 13 I affirm, under the penalties for perjury, that the foregoing representations are true. THRASHER BUSCHMANN GRIFFITH & VOELKEL, P.C. DISTRIBUTION: Mr. Zeft A. Weiss, Esq., lee Miller, One American Square, Box 82001, Indianapolis, IN 46282-0002 Mr. Michael Hollibaugh, Director, Department of Community Services, Carmel Town Hall, Carmel, IN 46032 Mr. Thomas Yedlick, 5053 St. Charles Place, Carmel, IN 46033 Carmel/Clay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals, in care of the Department of Community Services, Carmel Town Hall, Carmel, IN 46032 L :\W PFI LES\021 330\Appeal L ENC U 2004 \Ham iltonCty Appeal\PetW ritofCertPCT 4. doc 14 ,- y I ~l ~ ~. i\l ~ '] M~< LEGAL tt BUSINESS ADVISORS December 7, 2004 WRITER'S DIRECT NUMIl~R: (317) 236-5832 DrRECTFAX: (317) 592-4708 INTERNET: Thomas.Mixdori@icemilleLGom Clerk Hamilton County Courts Government & Judicial Center One Hamilton County Square Noblesville, IN 46060-2233 RE: William D. McEvoy, et aI. v. Carmel/Clay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals. Cause No. 29D05-0411-MI-2783 Dear Clerk: Enclosed please find an original and one copy of Martin Marietta Materials, Inc. ts Unopposed Motion to Intervene as of Right in connection with the above-referenced cause of action. Please file and return a file-stamped copy of same to the undersigned in the enclosed, self-addressed, stamped envelope. Please note that this letter is being sent via certified mail in order that the pleadings may be file-stamped as of the date of mailing, pursuant to Trial Rule 5(F). Thank you for your assistance in this matter. Very truly yours, ICE MILLER --rfj ~ t}11 - ij}, /( IJGIJ Y'~ (g LL};ffcurcl/ Thomas E. Mixdorf ~ TEMlmed Enclosures cc: Philip C Thrasher Michael Hollibaugh Thomas Yedlick Carmel/Clay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals J olm R. Molitor INDY 1468982v 1 One American Square i Box 82001 i Indianapolis, IN 46282-0200 I P 317-236-2100 i F 317-236-2219 www.icemiller.com Indianapolis I Chicago I Washinglon, D.C. u u ,.. . STATE OF INDIANA HAMILTON COUNTY SUPERIOR COURT COUNTY OF HAMILTON CAUSE NO. 29DOS-0411-MI-2783 William D. McEvoy, Gregory M. Policka, ) Susan Becker, Rex A. Weiper, Rene ) Pimentel, and Donald K. Craft, ) ) ) Petitioners (Appellant/Intervenors ) below), ) ) ) v. ) ) CARMELlCLA Y ADVISORY BOARD ) OF ZONING APPEALS, ) ) Respondent. ) MARTIN MARlETT A MATERIALS. INC. 'S UNOPPOSED MOTION TO INTERVENE AS OF RIGHT Martin Marietta Materials, Inc. ("Martin Marietta"), by counsel, respectfully moves to intervene in the above cause pursuant to Indiana Rule of Trial Procedure 24(A)(2). In support of this Motion, Martin Marietta states: 1. Undersigned counsel has contacted counsel for Petitioners and Respondent, and neither Petitioners nor Respondent oppose Martin Marietta's intervention in this action. 2. As shown by the Petition for Writ of Certiorari, Martin Marietta owns and operates the sand and gravel processing plant located north of 106lh Street and west of Hazel Dell Parbvay, Carmel, Indiana ("Carmel Sand & Gravel Plant") that is the subject of Petitioners' suit. Petitioners contend that the sand and gravel plant is being operated by Martin Marietta as an illegal nonconforming use and are seeking to have Martin Marietta's plant shut down. 3. On or about December 16, 2003, Thomas Yedlick ("Yedlick") tiled a letter with the Department of Community Services 0 f the City of Carmel (the "DOCS ") alleging that the u u Carmel Sand & Gravel Plant was being operated as an illegal nonconfonning use by Martin Marietta. The DOCS submitted Yedlick's letter to the BZA on or about June 11, 2004, an~ the case was assigned as Docket No. 04060001A. Martin Marietta intervened in that action. 4. On or about June 24, 2004, following a pre-hearing conference, the Director of the DOCS (the "Director") withdrew Docket No. 04060001A and issued a ItLetter of Determination," finding that Martin Marietta's operations were legal nonconforming uses. 5. On or about July 15, 2004, Yedlick filed an "Application for Board of Zoning Appeals Action - Appeal Request" (the "BZA Appeal") and the Appeal was docketed for the BZA as Docket No. 04070020A. Martin Marietta also intervened in that action. 6. The BZA held hearings on the BZA Appeal on October 13 and October 25, 2004, and Martin Marietta was present and offered evidence and argument at the hearings. 7. At the conclusion ofthe October 25, 2004 hearing on the Appeal, the BZA denied the Appeal and affirmed the DOCS' "Letter of Detennination," finding, among other things, that Martin Marietta's operations were legal nonconforming uses. 8. Subsequently, on or about November 19, 2004, the Petitioners filed with this Court, a Verified Petition for Writ of Certiorari, Notice of the Petition for Writ of Certiorari, and an Order to Show Cause. Martin Marietta is listed as an "adverse party". in the Petitioner's V erified Petition for Writ of Certiorari, Notice of the Petition for Writ of Certiorari, and Order to Show Cause. In addition, Martin Marietta was served with notice of the Petition for Writ of Certiorari. 9. Pursuant to Indiana Rule of Trial Procedure 24(A)(2), Martin Marietta has a right to intervene in this action because Martin Marietta is the owner of the Cannel Sand & Gravel Plant which is the subject ofthi8 action. Martin Marietta is so situated that the disposition of this - 2 - u u action will impair or impede its ability to protect its interests, and Martin Marietta's interests are not adequately represented. See In Re Remonstrance Appealing Ordinance Nos. 98-001;, 98-005, 98-006, 98-007 and 98-008 of the Town of Lizton, 737 N.E.2d 767 (Ind. Ct. App. 2000/ 10. Martin Marietta's Motion to Intervene is timely and intervention by Martin Marietta will not cause any undue delay or prejudice to the parties. Martin Marietta's Motion to Intervene is being filed within twenty (20) days of the filing of the Verified Petition for Writ of Certiorari. WHEREFORE, Martin Marietta respectfully requests that the Court issue an order granting Martin Mariettats Motion to Intervene in this matter and for all other necessary and proper relief. Respectfully Submitted, J~'/~l . , Thomas E. Mlxdorf, Attorney No. . 812-49 Attorney for Martin Marietta Materials, Inc. ---r ICE MILLER ICE MILLER One American Square Box 82001 Indianapolis, IN 46282-0200 (317) 236-2100 - 3 - ,. .. " (J u ~.,. The undersigned hereby certifies that a copy of the foregoinghas been sent via U.S. Mail, first class, postage prepaid, on the "I day of December, 2004, addressed to: ICE MILLER One American Square Box 8200] Indianapolis, IN 46282-0200 INDY 146S326vl CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE Philip C. Thrasher Thrasher Busclunalill Griffith & Voelkel, P.e. ] 51 N. Delaware St., Suite 1900 Indianapolis, IN 46204-2505 Mr. Michael Hollibaugh, Director, Department of Community Services, Cam1el Town Hall, Carmel, IN 46032 Mr. Thomas Yedlick 5053 S1. Charles Place Cannel, IN 46033 Carmel/Clay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals, c/o The Department of Community Services Carmel Town Hall Carmel, IN 46032 John R. Molitor Molitor Grisham & Hester 9465 Counselors Row, Suite 200 Indianapolis, IN 46240 ) ! ./~. - 4 - u STATE OF INDIANA ) )SS ) COUNTY OF HAMILTON William D. McEvoy, Gregory M. Policka, Susan Becker, Rex A. Weiper, Rene Pimentel, and Donald K. Craft Petitioners, (Appellant Intervenors, below) Thomas Yedlick, Intervenor Petitioner, (Appellant, below) v. CARMEL/CLAY ADVISORY BOARD OF ZONING APPEALS, Respondent. APPEARANCE FORM Pro Se 1. Name of initiating party: Thomas Yedlick 2. Telephone no.: 317-844-0141 x253 3. Address: 5053 St. Charles Place Carmel, IN 46033 u ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ,.....:> Co::> .~ o \-<1 \ Cj'"\ r''':'l {." \ ./ /<.>" ff ~; :::::-(;;~.i'~:'~~~ ~ -'0 .-,,- -"'"' "l /' t Ij. \j' '" % ~,t. ~.. L/\ ::-11 -- .- :'-.) .~ .21s" .. /7 <:::::\ . ~~~ 9-dfl-Yi Signature if Date: December 6, 2004 ." ..... u STATE OF INDIANA ) )SS COUNTY OF HAMILTON ) William D. McEvoy, Gregory M. Policka, Susan Becker, Rex A. Weiper, Rene Pimentel, and Donald K. Craft Petitioners, (Appellant Intervenors, below) Thomas Yedlick, Intervenor Petitioner, (Appellant, below) v. CARMEL/CLAY ADVISORY BOARD OF ZONING APPEALS, Respondent. u ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) f~~ ~) .~~ ,;.~ (~1 ~/ ./-..':'7 .-' ~ ~ '~, 1'l,;; w r~ ~. -,.,.... \ 0" ~ \ ~~< .~, l~~,_ c:;;{:\"; - \.,( -, ~ c; :~"~ (,;-->~~ -3. GJ" 6~) -0 -:'-'- -- .. ,,) .,~i~:> MOTION TO INTERVENE AS A PETITIONER UNDER RULE 24 Now comes Thomas Yedlick, Intervenor, to respectfully move the Court to allow his intervention in the above-captioned action, pursuant to Indiana Trial Rules 24(A)(2) and 24(6)(2), as party in support of the Verified Petition for VVrit of Certiorari to Review Decision of Board of Zoning Appeals ("Petition") filed by Petitioners in this action. In support of this motion, the Intervenor states: The I ntervenor appeared as the Petitioner in the action below before the Carmel/Clay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals ("BZA"), which is the subject of this Petition, To wit: u u 1. On December 16, 2003, Intervenor filed a complaint letter (Complaint") with the Director of the Department of Community Services ("Director") alleging that Martin Marietta's use of its processing plant at its Hazel Dell Road site ("Carmel Sand") to process sand and gravel obtained off-site constituted an illegal change in use and an illegal non-conforming use. Carmel Sand is currently in the 8-1 Residential Zoning District pursuant to the Carmel/Clay Zoning Ordinance ("Ordinance"). 2. The Intervenor's Complaint alleged the following: (a) That the mineral processing plant being used as an integral part of alienation of mineral resources to process mInerals extracted from the site, was improperly converted to a commercial use to process off-site material, (b) That any processing activities related to a "mineral extraction use" as a non-conforming use can not be continued after mineral extraction is no longer taking place, and (c) That the mineral extraction use exempt under I.R.C. 36-7-4-1103 does not retain any non-conforming use rights when the exempt status under I.R.C. 36-7-4-1103 lapses. 3. On June 18, 2004, the Director issued a Determination Letter ("Determination") to the Intervenor in response to Intervenor's Complaint, stating in part: 2. The land uses that were established on Martin Marietta's properties on or about May 17.2002, constituted legal, non-conforming uses; 3. Those uses do not appear to have been substantially modified, expanded, or added to since May 2002; and 4. Therefore, those uses remain legal, non-conforming uses under the Carmel Clay Zoning Ordinance which may not be substantially modified, expanded, or added to without a change of zoning classification or Board approval of a special use or variance. 4. On July 15, 2004, Intervenor filed an Appeal of the Director's Determination with the BZA. 2 u u 5. On October 25, 2004, the BZA denied the Intervenor's Appeal of the Director's Determination and adopted Findings of Fact submitted by Martin Marietta as to change in use and existence of a non-conforming use. 6. The Intervenor is aggrieved by the BZA's denial in that the Director's Determination and the Findings of Fact would permit the processing of off-site sand and gravel as an impermissible change in use, and would permit the processing plant to continue as an illegal non-conforming use in a Residential District, both contrary to Carmel zoning law and Indiana law. 7. The Intervenor's interest in the subject of the Petition involves questions of law or fact in common with the main action which are not considered by the Petitioners. Therefore, Intervenor's interest is not be adequately represented by the Petitioners. INTERVENOR'S BRIEF IN SUPPORT OF WRITOF CERTIORARI 8. Paragraphs 1 through 6 above are incorporated herein by reference. 9. The BZA's decisions are unlawful jn that: a. The BZA's decision is contrary to existing law, is not supported by the evidence, is not supported by substantial evidence, is contrary to the evidence, and is clearly erroneous. b. The BZA's decisions are not supported by findings that show an adequate and legal basis for the BZA's decision. c. The BZA's decision is arbitrary and capricious and an abuse of djscretion. 3 u u d. The Director's Determination is invalid because it is vague and does not establish the "land uses" which are the subject off the Determination. Therefore adoption of the Director's Determination by the aZA is also invalid. e. The Director's Determination and the Findings of Fact adopted by the BZA in making their decision violate Carmel's zoning ordinances and Indiana law because: I. Under Indiana law, "Use" is defined as the purpose for which it is occupied or maintained. Protective Ins. Co. v. Coca-Cola Bottling, 467 N.E.2d 754, Harbour Town Associates v. City of Noblesville, 540 N.E.2d 1283. When viewing the land use concept from a historical perspective or by hindsight, actual utilization would seem to be the appropriate criterion, Metro. Dev. Com'n of Marion County v. Hair. II. The purpose and historical use of the processing plant is as an integral part of "the alienation of mineral resources" from the Carmel Sand property as established under I.R.C. 36-7-4-1103. As such the processing plant is not a separate use eligible for non-conforming use status under Carmel's zoning. Ill. Maxev v. Board of Zoninq Appeals 480 N.E.2d 589, established the principle that a non-conforming use established as an exempt use could not be continued as a non-conforming use after the exemption lapses. 4 u u IV. The historical use of the processing plant. as established under I.R.C. 36-7A-1103, is an exempt use and not a non-conforming use, and is not a lawful use under Carmel zoning. I.R.C.36-7- 4-1103 merely prohibits a municipality from preventing the "alienation of mineral resources" outside an urban area. It does not establish a permitted use within the definitions of Carmel's zoning ordinance. Therefore the use established under I.R.C. 36-7 -4-1103 is an exempt use, and an exempt use is not recognized as a lawful use. v. The exempt use of the processing plant is dependent on its continued use as part of alienation of mineral resources under I.R.C. 36-7-4-1103. The exempt use of alienation of mineral resources is dependent on its continuing existence outside of an urban area to be exempt from Carmel zoning. VI. Carmel Sand's exemption under I.R.C. 36-7-4-1103 ended no later tha n 1989 after the Kingswood su bd ivision was an nexed. Carmel Sand property is contiguous to Kingswood. This brought the Carmel Sand property within an urban area by virtue of being "land contiguous to a municipality and planned for residential use" (I.R.C. 36-7-4-1103). At that time the Carmel Sand property became subject to Carmel zoning. VII. The processing plant was established on the Carmel Sand property between 1990 and 1992 without obtaining a use 5 u u variance as a use in a residential district. Therefore the processing plant was impermissibly established under Carmel zoning in a residential district without a required use permit or use variance. VIII. From the date the processing plant was established up to the end of 2002, the processing plant was used for its original intended purpose as an integral part of the alienation of mineral resources for processing sand and gravel extracted from the Carmel Sand quarry. IX. At or about the end of 2002, Carmel Sand ceased the extraction of sand and gravel from its quarry and began importing off-site sand and gravel from its Noblesville site to be further processed at the Carmel Sand processing plant. x. Under Carmel's zoning ordinance, an illegal non-conforming use is defined as follows: USE, NONCONFORMING ILLEGAL. A Use of a Building, land or premise existing at the time of the passage of this ordinance which does not conform to all of the applicable provisions of this ordinance nor those of any ordinance 'superceded bv this ordinance. (emphasis added) Chapter 3: Definitions XI. The processing of off-site sand and gravel at the Carmel Sand processing plant is an illegal non-conforming use under Carmel zoning ordinance because it is not a permitted use in a residential district, does not conform to applicable "use" 6 u u provisions of any current ordinance or regulations, and did not conform to "use" provisions of any ordinance superceded by the current ordinance. Further, even if the processing plant is deemed to be eligible for non-conforming use status, its use under Indiana law would be limited to its historical use, which is as an integral part of extracting minerals from the Carmel Sand property, not a separate use for processing sand and gravel obtained from other unrelated property. XII. Carmel Sand's importation of off-site sand and gravel from Noblesville is an illegal tying together of non-contiguous tracts for non-conforming mining uses. Indiana law does not permit the tying together of non-contiguous tracts for purposes of expanding non-conforming uses when such uses did not exist at the time the ordinance was changed. In fact, Indiana law does not allow the tying together of contiguous tracts if the uses of each were not clearly legal nonconforming uses at the time in question. Such tying together is actually an enlargement or expansion of the non-conforming use, and thus is illegal. See Stuckman v. Kosciusko County Board of Zoninq Appeals, 506 N.E.2d 1079 (Ind.1987). XIII. The use of the processing plant at this Carmel Sand site has been as an integral part of mineral extraction on this property. Mineral extraction is defined in Carmel's zoning regulations as 7 u u "any process used in obtaining from the earth, naturally occurring substances (emphasis added)". Therefore the proper legal interpretation of the historical "use" as it relates to the processing plant is the "related processing" of minerals obtained from the Carmel Sand property (i.e. "earth"). Therefore processing of off-site sand and gravel at Carmel Sand must be considered a violation of its "use". XIV. In light of the definition of "use" as defined above, processing is an integral and related part of extraction of minerals from the Carmel Sand property, and not a separate use. Therefore the change in use from mineral extraction to processing of off-site material is an impermissible and unlawful change of a non- conforming use under Carmel's ordinances and Indiana law. xv. Section 28.1.6 of the Carmel/Clay Zoning Ordinance provides that "existing uses eligible for special use approval shall not be considered leqal non-conforminq uses or require special use approval for continuance. but shall require special use approval for any alteration, enlargement. or extension.'" (emphasis added) To be consIdered a legal, lawful use, a special use must first be approved by the BZA. XVI. While mineral extraction is a use "eligible for special use approval" under Carmel zoning, it only becomes a "lawful" use upon obtaining BZA approval. Special use approval for mineral 8 u u extraction (including related processing) has never been obtained for this property. Therefore, mineral extraction and related processing do not qualify as "lawful, permitted" uses under Section 28.1.6 of the Carmel Zoning Ordinance. XVII. The conversion of use of the processing plant from a mineral extraction use to a commercial use is an impermissible expansion of a non-conforming use contrary to Carmel's zoning regulations and Indiana law. Indiana law restricts the expansion of non-conforming uses. "State Code tends to interpret nonconforming uses in strict terms. In view offact that ultimate purpose of zoning regulations is to confine certain classes of uses and structures to certain areas, nonconforming uses are not generally favored since they detract from attainment of that purpose and, thus~ policy of zoning ordinances is to secure the gradual, or eventual elimination of nonconforming uses and to restrict or diminish rather than increase such uses (emphasis added)". Jacobs v. M;shawaka Bd of Zon;ng Appeals, 395 N.E.2d, 834 XVIII. The Board's adoption of the Determination of the Director was illegal as a matter of law because the Director's Determination does not have a basis under law. As the basis of the Director's Determination, the Director relies solely on provisions of a 2002 settlement agreement between Martin Marietta, the Mayor of Carmel, and Kingswood Homeowners Association. In that 2002 agreement, the Mayor, on behalf of the City, said 9 u u " The City recognizes that the uses now established on the Martin Property... constitute legal, non-conforming uses... that may not be substantially modified, expanded, or added to without a change in zoning classification or BZA approval of a spec1al use or variance." The agreement further indicates: 'The City recognizes that this agreement is for the purpose of settlement of the Lawsuit and is not binding on the BZA, the Carmel Clay Plan Commission or the Common Council in the exercise of their responsibilities for land use and zoning." XIX. That settlement agreement was for the purpose of settling litigation and was not ratified by either the Carmel Common Councilor the Carmel/Clay Plan Commission in their respective capac1ties for regulating planning and zoning uses under Indiana law. Because the Director's Determination was not based on valid law, it is invalid, and therefore the BZA's decision based on the Director's Determination is illegal. XX. Even if the "use provisions" in the settlement agreement were to have merit under law, there is still the issue that those uses: "may not be substantially modified, expanded, or added to without a change in zoning classification or BZA approval of a spec1al use or variance." (Settlement Agreement) Since a "processing use" is not a permitted use in a residential district, and can only exist as an integral part of mineral 10 l) u extraction (a special use requiring approval), the commercial processing of off-site material is an impermissible, illegal use. xxi. The Board's adoption of Findings of Fact based on a 1997 Agreement between the City of Carmel and American Aggregates (Martin Marietta's predecessor) was illegal as a matter of law. In that Agreement, the City agreed to recognize existing operations as "existing, legal non-conforming uses pursuant to case law..." in the event of an annexation. The 1997 Agreement was entered into on behalf of the City by the Board of Public Works, which does not have planning and zoning authority. Therefore, the BZA's decision based on the Findings of Fact was illegal. xxii. The continued use of the processing plant after minerals are exhausted is a violation of the Diminishing Asset Doctrine. The rationale of the Diminishing Asset Doctrine is that the very nature of an excavation business is the continuing use of the land and that this use is what is endorsed by the non-conforming use concept By its very nature, quarrying involves a unique use of land. As opposed to other non-conforming uses in which the land is merely incidental to the activity conducted on it, quarrying contemplates the excavation and sale of the corpus of the land itself as a resource. Nor is it possible to extend the protection of a permitted non-conforming use established on one parcel of land to physically separate, though adjoining, parcels. Syracuse Aqqreqate Corp v Weise. 414 N.E.2d 651. 11 u u Where non-extinction of mineral rights are involved, an existing site can be worked in the usual manner, but when a site no longer yields minerals, the use is consummated. XXIII. The importation of stone to be further processed is an impermissible change in a quarrying business use. See Massachusetts Broken Stone Company v. Town of Weston 195 N.E.2d 522 (1964). The Court determined that the standard in determining whether there has been a change in a preexisting use is the degree to which the "original nature and purpose of the undertaking remain unchanged". The quarrying (i.e. extraction) and crushing of stone for sale is considered as one distinct business (i.e. "use"). Property owner conducting non-conforming use business of quarrying, crushing and selling stone as a non- conforming use had no right to change non-conforming use through importation of stone to be processed and sold. The Court held that the importation of stone to be processed and sold on the premises would be a new business and an impermissible change in the prior non-conforminq quarrvinq (extraction) use. 10. Since the Director's Determination and the Findings of Fact submitted by Martin Marietta were illegal and invalid, the BZA's decision must also be considered illegal, unlawful, and an improper exercise of the BZA's discretion. 12 u u WHEREFORE, the Intervenor respectfully moves this Honorable Court for leave to intervene in this action as a matter of right pursuant to Indiana Trial Rule 24(A)(2) and as permissive intervention pursuant to Indiana Trial Rule 24(8)(2), and for all other relief that is just and proper in the premises. Respectfully submitted, Thomas Yedllck tervenor Petitioner 13 ,; u CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE u I do hereby certify that a copy of the foregoing has been served by United States First Class Mail, postage prepaid, this 6th day of December, 2004. DISTRIBUTION: Mr. Zeft A. Weiss, Esq. Ice Miller One American Square, Box 82001 Indianapolis, IN 46282-0002 Mr. Michael Hollibaugh Director, Department of Community Services City of Ca rmel One Civic Square Carmel, IN 46032 Mr. Philip C. Thrasher, Esq., THRASHER BUSCHMANN GRIFFITH & VOELKEL, P.C. 151 N. Delaware St., Ste. 1900 Indianapolis, IN 46204 Carmel/Clay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals C/o Department of Community Services One Civic Square Carmel, IN 46032 John R. Molitor, Esq. 9465 Counselors Row, Ste 200 Indianapolis, IN 46240 ~4G~ Thomas Yedlick 5053 St. Charles Place Carmel, IN 46033 14 !), f'. ST ATE OF INDIANA HAMILTON COUNTY SUPERIOR COURT COUNTY OF HAMILTON CAUSE NO. 29DOS-0411-MI-2783 :.:- o' N o CARMELlCLA Y ADVISORY BOARD OF ZONING APPEALS, William D. McEvoy, Gregory M. Policka, ) Susan Becker, Rex A. Weiper, Rene ) Pimentel, and Donald K. Craft, ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Petitioners (Appellant/Intervenors below), v. Respondent. ORDER ON MARTIN MARIETTA MATERIALS. INC.'S MOTION TO INTERVENE Martin Marietta Materials, Inc. ("Martin Marietta"), having filed its Motion to Intervene in this matter, and the Court, being in all things duly advised, now GRANTS the Motion. IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED that Martin Marietta may intervene as a party in this matter pursuant to Indiana Rule of Trial Procedure 24, and is entitled to engage in any and all actions permitted by the Indiana Rules of Trial Procedure. '~ SO ORDERED this 9 day of Dec. ,2004. AI A ~,t~~ ~U~ a /jt~ JUDGE, Hamilton Superior Court --.. -~ Distribution to: Thomas E. Mixdorf Zeff A. Weiss ICE MILLER One American Square Box 82001 Indianapolis, IN 46282-0200 Philip C. Thrasher Thrasher Buschmann Griffith & Voelkel, P.C. 151 N. Delaware St., Suite 1900 Indiallapolis, IN" 46204-2505 Michael Hollibaugh, Director, Department of Community Services, Cannel Town Hall, Carmel, IN 46032 Thomas Yedlick 5053 St. Charles Place Cannel, IN 46033 Carme ay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals, c/ e Department of Community Services armel Town Hall Cannel, IN 46032 John R. Molitor Molitor Grisham & Hester 9465 Counselors Row, Suite 200 Indianapolis, IN 46240 INDY 1465627vl - 2 - .~ ~~ .:3 STATE OF INDIANA IN THE HAMILTON SUPERIOR COURT # 5 ) )SS ) COUNTY OF HAMILTON CAUSE NO. 29D05-04l1-MI-2783 William D. McEvoy, Gregory M. Policka, Susan Becker, Rex A. Weiper, Rene Pimentel, and Donald K. Craft Petitioners, (Appellant Intervenors, below) Thomas Yedlick, I ntervenor Petitioner, (Appellant below) v. CARMEL/CLAY ADVISORY BOARD OF ZONING APPEALS, Respondent. ORDER ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) (\ .--;;; c.-:> c~ ,", '~~/( ~~ ';~~ (r~ '>>~~~ ~~r '(../'\~). ;~ ~ ~ s:" g (~" .t '~;. \;... ~ "<" V' ,-'ri. --~ -"'" , ~ \~r\ ,.."') \",1 r-..J ~ The Intervenor files herein his Motion to Intervene as a Petitioner under Rule 24, to-wit: (H.l. ) The court having read and examined this Motion, and being duly advised on the circumstances, hereby grants said Motion. IT IS THEREFORE, ORDERED, ADJUDGED AJ\TD DECREED that the Motion 'I" .~,(l.,,-i<..;r-~ nmGE,dI~ a ~ to Intervene is hereby granted. DATED I,;{ / 'J-:J.-OL/ -. .. DISTRIBUTION: Mr. Zeft A. Weiss, Esq. Ice Miller One American Square, Box 82001 Indianapolis, IN 46282-0002 Mr. Michael Hollibaugh Director, Department of Community Services City of Carmel One Civic Square Carmel, IN 46032 Mr. Philip C. Thrasher, Esq., THRASHER BUSCHMANN GRIFFITH & VOELKEL, P.C. 151 N. Delaware St., Ste. 1900 Indianapolis, IN 46204 Carmel/Clay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals C/o Department of Community Services One Civic Square Carmel, IN 46032 John R. Molitor, Esq. 9465 Counselors Row, Ste 200 Indianapolis, IN 46240 Thomas Yedlick 5053 St. Charles Place Carmel, IN 46033 j- i" c,,' ,") \". ~-~ L~~ u ut--(/' -fo __ ('Sa.S S c-- (1lfq c.j: S 7 f'/h '-c--:fc iJ7 (~ STATE OF INDIANA ZDGtdW'1 19 PM~: 19 HAMILTON COUNTY SUPERIC ROOM NO. COUNTY OF KWrm,fI!..TOr:.f!,,~.~,,~:.\r{ CC;)HSCAUSE NO. ~< ;l."~"";~j.,.:::,,,,..,,j~ William D. McEvoy, Gregory M. Policka, Susan Becker, Rex A. Weiper, Rene Pimentel, and Donald K. Craft 29 D 05 - 01~ ll~ -;"f.r-;J... 78'3 '!,. w. Respondent. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) PetitIoners, (Appellant Intervenors, below) v. CARMEL/CLAY ADVISORY BOARD OF ZONING APPEALS, VERIFIED PETITION FOR WRIT OF CERTIORARI TO REVIEW DECISION OF BOARD OF ZONING APPEALS , William D. McEvoy, Gregory M. Policka, Susan Becker, Rex A. Weiper, Rene Pimentel, and Donald K. Craft (the "Petitioners"), by counsel, petition this Court pursuant to Ind. Code 9 36-7-4-1003 for a writ of certiorari to review the action of the Carmel/Clay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals ("the BZA") taken October 25, 2004, in which the BZA denied the Application for Board of Zoning Appeals Action-Appeal Request, filed on July 15, 2004 by Thomas Yedlick (the "Appeal Application"), and denied the requests of the Petitioners in their Notice of Intervention filed July 23, 2004 (the "Notice of Intervention"), both of which appealed the decision of the Director (the "Director") of the Department of Community Services of the City of Carmel (the "DOCS") that a certain use was a legal non-conforming use. The Appeal ApplicatIon and Notice of Intervention were combined and docketed before the BZA as No. 04070020 A (the "Appeal"). ~ ;' u u In support of this petition, Petitioner states: 1. On December 16, 2003, Thomas Yedlick ("Yedlickrr) filed a letter ("Complaint"} with the DOCS alleging that a certain sand and gravel processing plant located north of 1 06th Street and west of Hazel Dell Parkway, Carmel, Indiana (the' "Carmel Sand Plant") was being operated as an illegal nonconforming use by . . Martin Marietta Materials, Inc. ("MM"), successor by merger to American Aggregates Corporation, the nominal owner of the Land and the Carmel Sand Plant. The basis for this allegation was that MM was importing raw sand and gravel aggregate from off~site for processing, storage, and sale in violation of the applicable zoning. Yedlick further alleged that such processing constituted a commercial manufacturing activity not permitted by the current zoning. 2. The land in question contains approximately 70 acres, now covered mostly with a lake but with the Carmel Sand Plant located in the middle of the tract. The tax parcel number for the Land is 1714040000018.00, in the City of Carmel, Clay Township, Hamilton County, Indiana (hereinafter, the "Land"). 3. On or about June 11, 2004, the DOCS submitted to the BZA the question of whether or not or not the use of the Carmel Sand Plant was a legal nonconforming use to the BZA. The DOCS docketed the case as Docket No. 04060001 A. The Petitioners and MM intervened in such action. 4. Following a pre-hearing conference, the Director withdrew Docket No. 04060001 A and issued a letter dated June 24, 2004 (the "Letter of Determination"), stating in pertinent part: 2 ~' i u u 2. The land uses that were established on Martin Marietta's properties on or about May 17, 2002, constituted legal, nonconformIng uses; 3, Those uses do not appear to have been substantially modified, expanded, or added to since May 2002; and 4. Therefore, those uses remaIn legal, nonconforming uses under the Carmel/Clay Zoning Ordinance which may not be substantially modified, expanded, or added to without a change of zoning classification or Board approval of a special use or variance. Letter of Determination, page 1, a true and accurate copy of which is attached hereto and incorporated herein. 5, On July 15, 2004, Yedlick filed his Appeal Application. The Appeal was docketed for the BZA as Docket No. 04070020 A. 6. On July 23, 2004, the Petitioners, by counsel, filed their Notice of Intervention in Docket No. 04070020 A. MM intervened in the matter on August 17, 2004. 7. At the October 13, 2004 hearing, despite requests from the Petitioners for, additional time, the BZA adopted a special rule limiting the time for presentation of evidence to 15 minutes per party, permitting cross~examination of witnesses at the end of each presentation, and allowing five minutes per party for rebuttal and summation. Counsel for the Petitioners timely objected to these tIme constraints on the grounds that it did not allow sufficient time for presentation of the large amount of evidence that was available and necessary for a full and fair hearing of the Appeal. Such objection was overruled, 3 ~ i' u u 8. At the conclusion of the presentation of evidence by all parties, the BZA continued the hearing to October 25, 2004 for the purpose of analyzing the testImony and written materials provided by the parties and to prepare questions for the parties to be answered at the October 25, 2004 hearing. 9. Before 4:00 p.m. on October 21, 2004, the Petitioners filed their Post-hearin~ Brief dated October 20, 2004 with the DOCS, which functions as the office of and for the BZA, and requested that the Post-hearing Brief be forwarded to the members of the BZA. 10. The DOCS, the Respondent in the Appeal, refused to forward the Petitioners' Post-hearing Brief to the BZA, so the Post-hearing Brief was not received by any member of the BZA prior to the October 25, 2004 hearing. 11. At the continued hearing on October 25, 2004, the Petitioners requested that the DOCS provide to each BZA member a copy of the Petitioners' Post-hearing Brief. Petitioners then filed an Objection to the withholding of the Post-hearing Brief. .r This request and Objection were denied and the BZA elected to proceed to a conclusion on the Appeal without the benefit of reviewing the Petitioners' Post- hearing Brief. 12. At the conclusion of the October 25, 2004 hearing on the Appeal, the BZA voted three to one to deny the Appeal, thereby ratifying the Letter of Determination and allowing the Carmel Sand Plant to continue in operation. 13. The Petitioners are aggrieved by the BZA's decision affirming the Letter of Determination, allowing the continued operation of the Carmel Sand Plant on th.e Land. 4 u u 14. The actions of the BZA are illegal for the following reasons: 14.1. Violation of Procedural Due Process-Inadequate Time for Presentation of Evidence at the Hearing: The limitation of presentations by the BZA was arbitrary, capricious, and an abuse of discretion because it effectively eliminated the presentation of most of the evidence available from the Petitioners. Having granted an evidentiary hearing, it was arbitrary, capricious, an abuse of discretion, and a violation of the constitutional right~ of the Petitioners, for the BZA to restrict artificially the presentation of relevant evidence by the Petitioners. Further, the aZA permitted only five minutes for rebuttal and summation at the conclusion of the October 13, 2004 hearing, thereby effectively limiting proper rebuttal, summation, and legal argument by the Petitioners. The adoption of the temporary rule limiting the time for presentation and analysis of evidence by the BZA caused the BZA to be poorly informed concerning the facts and issues in the Appeal, caused great prejudice to the Petitioners, and resulted in an incorrect and illegal decision. 14.2. Violation of Due Process-Withholding of Information from the BZA by the DOCS: The BZA, by its administrative arm, the DOCS, arbitrarily, in abuse of its discretion, illegally, in violation of the constitutional rights of the Petitioners to a fair hearing, in excess of its statutory authority, and in violation of BZA rules, withheld delivery of the Petitioners' Post-hearing Brief on October 21, 2004 from the members of the BZA. The Post- . hearing Brief was the Petitioners' response to the new issues raised for 5 u u the first time by MM at the October 13, 2004 hearing and would have provided necessary analysis and information concerning such new issues that the BZA otherwise did not receive. By illegally withholding such information, the members of the BZA were unable to make proper inquiries of the parties at the October 25, 2004 hearing, resulting in great prejudice to the Petitioners and an arbitrary, capricious, and illegal . decision. By refusing to consider the Post-hearing Brief at the October 25, 2004 hearing, the BZA acted arbitrarily, capriciously, in abuse of its discretion, and in violation of the Petitioners' constitutional rights to a fair hearing. 14.3. The Upholding of the Decision by the DOCS Is Unreasonable and Unsupported. The failure by the BZA to overturn the Letter of Determination is arbitrary, capricious, an abuse of discretion, not In accordance with law, and unsupported by substantial evidence. The Director of the DOCS failed to demonstrate in his testimony before the BZA that the decisions set forth in the Letter of Determination were supported by any credible evidence. The Director's brief testimony at the hearings did not include any exhibits or witnesses from which it could be concluded that the Director had analyzed the prior use of the land that is the subject of the Appeal or its lack of compliance with prior ordinances. Further, the Director submitted no documentary information whatsoever. Therefore, the Letter of Determination is without legal or factual basis and should have been overturned by the BZA. 6 ,. u u 14.4. The Nonconforming Use is Illegal. By refusing to overturn the Letter of Determination, the BZA approved the contents thereof, which include a statement that the use of the Land is a legal, rather than illegal, nonconforming use. Such approval is arbitrary, not in accordance with law, and unsupported by substantial evidence, and is therefore illegal. Contrary to the decision of the BZAt the overvvhelming evidence establishes that the use of the Land for mining and the Carmel Sand Plant have been illegal. since the commencement of mining thereon and construction of the Carmel Sand Plant, and that such uses continue to be illegal because they have never complied with any applicable ordinance, past or present. The failure of the BZA to hold such uses to be illegal is itself illegal. 14.5. Failure to Prove Legal Nonconforming Use Status Based on Ind. Code 3 36-7-4-1103. The determination by the BZA that the Land is not in an "urban area" for purposes of Ind. Code 3 36-7-4-1103 is not in accordance with law and therefore is illegal. Further, because the evidence clearly demonstrates that the Land was always a part of an urban area, such statute would not apply and reliance thereon by the BZA is unsupported by substantial evidence and not in accordance with law. 14.5.1. Failure to Prove Change of Zoning Status by Agreement. Reliance by the BZA on two different agreements entered into by and between American Aggregates Corporation and the City of Carmel in 1997 (the "1997 Agreement") and Martin Marietta Materials, Inc., the City of Carmel, 7 u u and others in 2002 (the "2002 Settlement and Release Agreement") to essentially permit contract zoning, is arbitrary, capricious, and a violation of constitutional rights in Indiana. The BZA held these Agreements estopped the City of Carmel from asserting that the Carmel Sand Plant was not a legal conforming use. The BZA also found that these Agreements changed the zoning status of the Carmel Sand Plant from an illegal to a legal nonconforming use. Reliance on such Agreements is improper because (a) contract zoning is not permitted in Indiana; (b) neither of the Agreements in question were executed by a division of government empowered to change zoning status, being the BZA, the Carmel/Clay Advisory Plan Commission, or the Common Council of the City of Carmel; and, (c) the 2002 Settlement and Release Agreement by its own terms does not purport to control the authority of the BZA or Carmel/Clay Advisory Plan Commission. 14.6. Failure to Prove a Permitted Use Based on Carmel/Clay Zoning Ordinance Subsection 28.01.06. The determination by the BZA that Subsection 28.01.06 of the Carmel/Clay Zoning Ordinance, set forth below, is applicable is arbitrary, capricious, and illegal: 28.01 Leqal Nonconforming Use Specifications. A legal nonconforming Use may be continued, although such use does not conform to all the provisions of this Ordinance, as hereinafter provided: 8 u u 28.01.06 Existing uses eligible for special use approval shall not be considered legal nonconforming uses nor require special use approval for continuance but shall require special use approval for any alteration, enlargement or extension. Carmel/Clay Zoning Ordinance, 9 28.01. At the hearing, MM and the DOCS failed to establish that the use was originally a legal nonconforming use. Having failed to prove such status, Subsection 28.01.06 is inapplicable. To the extent the BZA decision is based on this Subsection, its decision is arbitrary, capricious, not in accordance with law, and unsupported by substantial evidence. 14.7. Construction of the Carmel Sand Plant In 1992 Was an Illegal Expansion of a Nonconforming Use. In the alternative., if the BZA found, arquendo, that mineral extraction prior to construction of the Carmel Sand Plant was legal, the construction of a large sand and gravel processing plant on the Land in approximately 1992 represents an illegal expansion of such use because no buildings or other improvements are to be constructed within legal nonconforming uses without permits from the City of Carmel. No such permits were requested or approved. To the extent the BZA found that the construction of the Carmel Sand Plant was a legal expansion of the prior use, its decision is arbitrary, capricious, not in accordance with law, and unsupported by substantial evidence. 9 u u 14.8. Operation of the Carmel Sand Plant is an Illegal Change of a Nonconforming Use. In the alternative, if the BZA found, arguendo, that mineral extraction prior to construction of the Carmel Sand Plant was legal and found that the construction of a large sand and gravel processing plant on the Land in approximately 1992 was legal, then the BZA also found that such uses are nonconforming. Being nonconforming uses, then under the Carmel/Clay Zoning Ordinance they may not be changed' without a permit. Use of the Carmel Sand Plant for the processing tif aggregate into marketable sand and gravel, including stockpiling of finished product and retail sales thereof (hereinafter collectively referred to as "Processing"), is represents a change of use because Processing, which is in the nature of a industrial operation followed by retail sales, had not been a part of the use at any time prior to 1992. As such, it represents a significant change of use without a permit of any kind and is therefore illegal. To the extent the BZA found that the Processing conducted by MM on the Land was legal the BZA's decision was arbitrary, capricious, not in accordance with law, and unsupported by substantial evidence. 14.9. Importation of Sand and Gravel Aggregate from Off-site for Processing at the Carmel Sand Plant is Illegal. In the alternative, if the BZA found that Processing of sand and gravel that was mined from the Land was a legal nonconforming use, the importation of raw aggregate to the Carmel Sand . Plant represents a change of use. The change is in the nature of the Carmel Sand Plant wherein Processing was converted from an ancillary 10 u u use with respect to mining into the primary and perhaps sole use of the Land. Because Processing is industrial and retail in nature, it is not permitted under the current zoning and could only be allowed when it is ancillary to the primary purpose of mining. When the primary use is terminated, as it was in 2002 when active mining ceased on the Land, the ancillary uses must also be terminated. Therefore, the Carmel Sand Plant could not be legally used for Processing of off-site minerals without a permit. To the extent the BZA approved of the use of the Carmel Sand Plant for Processing off-site minerals without a valid permit, its decision is arbitrary, capricious, not in accordance with law, and unsupported by substantial evidence. 14.10. At the October 25, 2004 hearing, the BZA rejected the Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law tendered by the Petitioners on October 13, 2004 and in their Post~hearing Brief dated October 20, 2004, and instead adopted the Proposed Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law offered by MM. DOCS offered no proposed findings of fact or conclusions of law. Said adopted Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law are clearly erroneous based on the facts in evidence and the applicable law. Therefore, adoption of such Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law by the BZA was arbitrary, capricious, not in accordance with taw, and unsupported by substantial evidence. In particular, in its proposed findings of fact and conclusions of law, the BZA found that MM could claim legal nonconforming use status for the Land, whlch was purchased in 11 .. u u 1964 as a farm, and legal. nonconforming use for the Carmel Sand Plant, which was erected between 1990 and 1992, because American Aggregates Corporation was operating a small sand mine and small processing plant more then one-half mile north of the Land in 1964. Indiana law does not permit this kind of "tacking" of land uses, Stuckman v. Kosciusko County Board of Zoning Appeals, 506 N.E.2d 1079 (Ind.1987), especially when separated by time, distance, and intervening ownerships from each other, to extend legal nonconforming use status to land that would otherwise never qualify as such. Therefore, to the extent the BZA decision is based on the concept that tacking is permitted, the decision is illegal because it is arbitrary, capricious, not in accordance with law, and unsupported by substantial evidence. WHEREFORE, Petitioners request that: 1. The Court Issue a citation to the Carmel/Clay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals to show cause why a writ of certiorari should not issue; 2. The Court require the Carmel/Clay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals certify to the Court for review all pages, petitions, exhibits, transcripts of proceedings, and videotaped recordings of the proceedings of said Board in connection with the Appeal, including, but not limited to, the hearings on October 13, 2004 and October 25, 2004; 3. Following due consideration and review of all of the said proceedings and information, the Court set this matter for an evidentiary hearing to supplement the 12 u u evidence and facts disclosed by the return to the writ of certiorari and/or for oral argument; 4. Following said evidentiary hearing and/or oral argument, the Court reverse the decision of said Board and mandate the adoption of the Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law tendered by the Petitioners in their Post-hearing Brief; 5. The Court award the Petitioners the costs of this proceeding; and 6. The Court award the Petitioners all other and further relief as may be just and proper based on the evidence. [signature on next page] 13 L u u I affirm, under the penalties for perjury, that the foregoing representations are true. THRASHER BUSCHMANN GRIFFITH & VOELKEL, P.C. DISTRIBUTION: Mr. Zeff A. Weiss, Esq., Ice Miller, One American Square, Box 82001, Indianapolis, IN 46282-0002 Mr. Michael Hollibaugh, Director, Department of Community Services, Carmel Town Hall, Carmel, IN 46032 Mr. Thomas Yedlick, 5053 St. Charles Place, Garmel, IN 46033 Carmel/Clay Advisory Board of Zoning Appeals, in care of the Department of Community Services, Carmel Town Hall, Carmel, IN 46032 L:\W PFI LES\021330\AppeaJLENCU 2004\Ham iltonCtyAppeal\PetW ritofCertPCT 4.doc 14