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HomeMy WebLinkAbout0554.95.2GARAGE STEP -BY -STEP CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURES LAYOUT AND INSTALL FOUNDATIONS Proper layout is essential to the completion of the garage project. For this step of the process, you will need some mason's line, a tape measure, a plumb bob, some 2x2 wood stakes, a line level, nails and some 1x4 crosspieces to build the batter boards. Locate the area in which the garage will be built and batter boards can be installed. The mason's line should establish the outside perimeter and finished elevation of the top of the garage slab or foundation walls. Deterrnine the highest point of the site and install a set of batter boards to establish the first corner of the garage. Next, establish where the next three corners of the garage are located and install batter board as shown in Figure A. Using the mason's line, establish the outside perimeter of the garage foundation. Do this by stretching the mason's line between the batter boards. Use a line level to establish a uniform elevation. Square the garage by the use of the 3 -4 -5 method. Now, go back and check the side measurements and that both diagonals measure the same length. Adjust the mason's line as necessary to provide sid(,s of the proper length, right angles and equal length diagonals. Digging and placing the foundation and placing slab concrete is the installer's responsibility. Foundation installation should be performed by a competent tradesman since they are controlled by codes and local conditions. FRAME AND ERECT WALLS The first step to the wall framing is to lay out the bottom plates. Check dimensions and placements of plates against the layouts provided and drill for the foundation bolts. Once the bottom plates are drilled and again checked for square (using the equa diagonal method), begin layout for studs and openings. Use a square, and mark the bottom and lower top plate for the location of the studs and window and door openings. Begin assembly of the wall by nailing the studs in place (see Detail 6). Next nail the headers into place (see Detail 4). Install the sill sealer (if used) on the top of the foundation and raise each wall into position (see Detail 1). Tighten the anchor bolts and plumb the wall using temporary bracing. Nail the corners together, after checking for plumb and square. Nail the second plate on top of the wall. Overlap the joints at the corners and joints in lower top plate. Now install the corner bracing and hold downs as required (see Detail 2). FRAME ROOF After marking the top plates for ceiling and rafter centers, layout and cut ceiling joists and rafters. Nail ceiling joists into place. Nail a 2x4 strong back perpendicular to and on top of the ceiling joists for the length of the garage. Next, mark the ridge board for the rafters. Raise th(� ridge board on top of the gable studs at the correct height and position. Refer to Garage diagram on other side of sheet. Begin nc7iling the rafters along the top plate and ridge board (See Details 5 & 7). After nailing the rafters in place, nail the gable studs in place. If the garage design does not include eaves or overhangs go to the section on roof sheathing. For designs with eave and gable overhangs construct them according to details 7 & 9. First, nail the subfascia onto the ends of the rafters leaving enough length to nail the fly rafters to the subfascia. Cut excess subfascia off after nailing fly rafter into place. Begin gable ladder construction by marking position of ladders along the gable end and fly rafters. Cut ladder braces to length according to overhang depth. Nail the braces into place. Along the wall, level with the bottom of the overhang install a 2x4 nailer for the soffit. Cut and install 2x4 lookouts between the subfascia and the wall nailer. A lookout should be installed next to each rafter tail. If wood fascia is being used, nail it into place. If the roof system is trusses, order, install and brace them on the centers specified in the Bill of Materials according to the manufacturers recommendations and (TPI) HET-80 (see Detail 12). Frame eave and gables as described above and according to Details 8 & 10. FIGURE A INSTALL WALL AND ROOF SHEATHING Begin wall sheathing (if used) by setting the sheets vertically against the walls. Start at one of the corners and continue around the garage until the garage is completely covered including the openings for the windows and doors. Now cut out the window and door openings. See Detail 11. Sheathing the roof follows basically the some procedure. Begin on the roof by placing the first sheet perpendicular to the rafters at the bottom edge and at one end of the roof. Trim this sheet to fit from the outside edge of the fly rafter to the centerline of the last rafter the sheet will reach. Continue along the bottom edge of the roof until the first row of sheets are in place. Then continue up the roof making sure that the adjacent sheet joints do not align. The end joints should be spaced as close to a half sheet apart as possible. Insert one H —clip along the top of the lower sheets between each rafter. Follow this procedure on the other other side of the roof. See Detail 11. INSTALL ROOFING Install roofing begining at the bottom edge of the roof and move upward. Begin by running the roofing felt across the bottom of the roof. Then lay the next course of felt above the first course using an adequate overlap. Staple the roofing felt to the roof sheathing as it is put down. After both sides of the roof have been covered with felt, place the roof edge along the perimeter of the roof. If roof edge is not being used, a 1x2 edge should be installed on the fascia along the roof edge before applying the felt. After the roof edge has been nailed to the perimeter of the roof, shingles can now be installed. To begin the shingles, either a rolled shingle starter, a turned shingle or an ice shield must be applied to the bottom edge of the roof on top of the roof edge. Apply the shingles according to the manufacturer's instructions. Continue applying the shingles until both sides of the roof and the ridge are covered. If vents are being used, install them according to the manufacturer's instructions. INSTALL DOORS AND WINDOWS Begin door installation by laying a bead of caulk (pre —hung door) on the garage floor where the door sill will be placed. Set the door in the opening making sure that it is centered in the opening. Next, using a level, plumb the sides of the door. Install wood shims to move the jambs into place. Nail the door in place using casing nails through the brickmould. Also, nail the jambs in place making sure that there are shims between the jamb and cripple stud. Throughout this procedure, close and open the door to make certain that the door is centered in the jambs. The shims can be used to help center the door. Adjust the sill for height and install the lockset and strikes. Be sure that all manufacturers installation recommendations are followed. Window installation begins with laying a bead of caulk on the opening sill. Set the window in the opening making sure that the window is centered in the opening. Use a level to plumb the sides of the window and then INSTALL DOORS AND WINDOWS (coot.) nail it in place using casing nails driven through the brickmould. Next use wood shims between the jambs and the cripple studs to nail the jambs into place. Be certain not to pinch the sashes in the jambs by forcing the shims in too tightly! Overhead door installation begins with nailing a 2x4 around the perimeter of the opening. Next nail the door jamb in place followed by nailing the brickmould around the outside perimeter of the overhead door. Now install the overhead door according to the manufacturers instructions. after the overhead door has been installed the stop can be applied to the jambs. INSTALL SIDING There are many types of siding that can be applied to a garage. it would be difficult to describe all of the installation procedures for all of the types of siding in this pamphlet. The three most common types of siding to be described are: 4x sheet sidings, hardboard lap sidings and horizontal vinyl sidings. To instal'. sheet sidings, begin on one of the corners of the garage. Start the sheets at the corner with the overlap edge on the corner and the other edge, centered on a stud. Begin setting the sheets against the walls. Continue around the garage remembering to install drip caps above the windows and doors, before applying the siding. If the garage has a gable roof, install a z— flashing above the first coarse of sheets. Now install the sheets on the gables. Next, install the wood soffit. Cut the plywood provided in the bill of materials list for the soffit to the size of the overhang. Nail the soffit into place. Instcli the 1x4 corner trims on the corners as required. Next install th soffit trim between the wall and soffit. Caulk around c'1 windows and doors. To begin installing hardboard lap siding, start by applying a piece of wood lathe along the bottom of the garage walls. This will be used as the starter strip for the siding. Begin applying the siding to the walls starting the first piece at least one inch below the top of the foundation. Nail successive pieces of siding above the first piece ov ',;Oping at least one inch. Continue up the wall installing drip cap above the windows and doors. Also install siding corners as the siding is applied. Upon reaching the soffit, cut the hardboard siding, if used, for soffit and install it on the framing. Install the soffit trim between the wall and the soffit. Caulk between the siding joints and around the windows and doors. The siding is now reedy for painting. Vinyl sidee g installation begins with application of the trim pieces. The first component to be installed is the starter stria. The starter strip is installed at the base of the garage walls. Nail the starter into place using the nails provided c�n the bill of materials. As with all vinyl sidings and cssessories, nail into place loosely so that it can be moved freely from side to side. Install all the trim assessories before applying the siding. Start applying the siding starting at the bottom of the wall. Follow the manufacturers instructions for proper installation. Installing the soffit and fascia is a quite different procedure than installing wood or hardboard sidings. Once again follow the manufacturers instructions. Also refer to the enclosed diagrams for additional help. Caulk between trim and the windows and doors and the siding is complete. SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS These details and step —by —step instructions are provided to assist you in the construction of your garage project. All specific conditions cannot be anticipated and it is the installers responsibility to interpret them in a manner consistent with the building codes. All construction methods should be consistent with accepted standards and are the sole responsibility of the installer. The installer should consider his experience and skill level along with the drawings and details provided when constructing this project. The design and drawings provided have used materials of a specific grade and species for use as structural members. Substitution of other grades and species will void the design and should be re— evaluated by a competent professional. mportant considerations that are also the installers responsibility include: 1. Underground utilities should be located to insure that they aren't in locations that will interfere with the installation of the foundation. 2. The soil and slope, in the area where the project is to be located, should be stable and able to support the loads imposed upon it. 3. Zoning ordinances should be checked to see that the intended project can be built without violating them. Also, side, rear and front yard setbacks should be checked for compliance to the ordinances. 4. All permits should be obtained before proceeding with the project. 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