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Supporting Information3/21/06 Conn, Angelina V 30 l 1 t�r From: Tim Walter [TWalter©platinum-properties.com] Sent: Friday, March 21, 2008 10:21 AM To: Duncan, Gary R Cc: Hollibaugh, Mike P; McBride, Mike T; Eric Simons; cglazier©context-design.com; Conn, Angelina V Subject: RE: Legacy streetscape plan meeting request Attachments: L101 Curb Exhibit 3- 20- 08.pdf Gary, I hope you will be able to make the meeting in Community Services at 1:30 today. I have attached an additional drawing that we would like to discuss. This depicts the changes in the curb from the original Master Infrastructure Phase 1 plans and which currently installed curb needs to be removed. Thanks! Tim Timothy J. Walter, PE Senior Project Manager Platinum Properties, LLC. 9757 Westpoint Drive, Suite 600 Indianapolis, Indiana 46256 (317) 863 2057(0) (317) 216 -8636 (F) From: Conn, Angelina V [mailto:Aconn©carmel.in.gov] Sent: Wednesday, March 19, 2008 11:51 AM To: Tim Walter Cc: Brewer, Scott I; Duncan, Gary R; Hollibaugh, Mike P; McBride, Mike T; Eric Simons; cglazier©context-design.com Subject: RE: Legacy streetscape plan meeting request Tim: Still waiting on a reply from Gary Duncan and /or Mike McBride...I know that Mike H and I can attend 130 this Friday. (Scott will not be in that day.) Angie Hello all, Page 1 of 4 From: Tim Walter [mailto:TWalter @platinum- properties.com] Sent: Wednesday, March 19, 2008 10:19 AM To: Conn, Angelina V Cc: Brewer, Scott I; Duncan, Gary R; Hollibaugh, Mike P; McBride, Mike T; Eric Simons; cglazier ©context- design.com Subject: RE: Legacy streetscape plan meeting request I have attached PDF's of the drawings that we would like to discuss on Friday. As I mentioned in a previous e -mail these are preliminary drawings that we will finalize following our meeting. The key plan still needs some additional work in areas outside of the one prototypical intersection, but we provided it to show exactly where the prototypical intersection we wish to discuss is located. Let me know if you have any questions in the meantime. Have we confirmed the 1:30 meeting time? Thanks! Tim 3/21/2008 Conn, Angelina V Tim: From: Brewer, Scott I Sent: Thursday, March 20, 2008 10:45 AM To: 'Tim Walter; Conn, Angelina V Cc: Duncan, Gary R; Hollibaugh, Mike P; McBride, Mike T; Eric Simons; cglazier @context design.com Subject: RE: Legacy streetscape plan meeting request Thank you for that explanation; I still did not see the limits of the structural soil placement on the plan drawing, and so can not figure the actual "soil" volumes available for rooting for the trees. You might want to think about "lining" the planters with a heavy metal hardware cloth or open mesh fencing to hold back the structural soils and then fill the middle with soil to plant the balled and burlapped tree in. It would be good for us to meet on this sometime in the next couple weeks when I am available, or perhaps I could even come to you if timing is a problem. You just do not want to go to all this trouble, and then discover something that makes the trees not perform well in the situation. Thanks! Scott Brewer, City Forester Environmental Planner, DOCS City of Carmel, One Civic Square Carmel, IN 46032 PH: 317- 571 -2478 FAX: 317- 571 -2426 Urban Forestry is the center of sustainability for municipalities From: Tim Walter [mailto:TWalter @platinum- properties.com] Sent: Wednesday, March 19, 2008 12:18 PM To: Brewer, Scott I; Conn, Angelina V Cc: Duncan, Gary R; Hollibaugh, Mike P; McBride, Mike T; Eric Simons; cglazier @context design.com Subject: RE: Legacy streetscape plan meeting request Scott, Thanks for your comments. I would like to ask that you review the detail again. The cross section view does make it appear as though the planters are self contained within the concrete footers. However, if you look at the plan view shown below the cross section you will see that the 8" x 6" cast stone blocks are actually 5' in length spanning from 12" sono- tube foundations. This makes the structural soil area connected completely from the back of curb up to the face of each building. Your item number 4 below is exactly what we were trying to accomplish. Also, we do not have a species 1st as of yet. At this time, we want to come to agreement on the general concept before we prepare further details. Thanks! Tim Timothy J. Walter, PE Senior Project Manager Platinum Properties, LLC. 9757 Westpoint Drive, Suite 600 Indianapolis, Indiana 46256 (317) 863 2057(0) (317) 216 -8636 (F) From: Brewer, Scott I [mailto:SBrewer©carmel.in.gov] 3/20/2008 Page 1 of 5 Conn, Angelina V From: Tim Walter [TWalter @platinum properties.com] Sent: Wednesday, March 19, 2008 12:18 PM To: Brewer, Scott I; Conn, Angelina V Cc: Duncan, Gary R; Hollibaugh, Mike P; McBride, Mike T; Eric Simons; cglazier©context-design.com Subject: RE: Legacy streetscape plan meeting request Scott, Thanks for your comments. I would like to ask that you review the detail again. The cross section view does make it appear as though the planters are self contained within the concrete footers. However, if you look at the plan view shown below the cross section you will see that the 8" x 6" cast stone blocks are actually 5' in length spanning from 12" sono- tube foundations. This makes the structural soil area connected completely from the back of curb up to the face of each building. Your item number 4 below is exactly what we were trying to accomplish. Also, we do not have a species 1st as of yet. At this time, we want to come to agreement on the general concept before we prepare further details. Thanks! Tim Timothy J. Walter, PE Senior Project Manager Platinum Properties, LLC. 9757 Westpoint Drive, Suite 600 Indianapolis, Indiana 46256 (317) 863 2057(0) (317) 216 -8636 (F) Dear Tim and Craig: Scott Brewer, City Forester Environmental Planner, DOCS 3/19/2008 From: Brewer, Scott I [mailto:SBrewer @carmel.in.gov] Sent: Wednesday, March 19, 2008 11:19 AM To: Tim Walter; Conn, Angelina V Cc: Duncan, Gary R; Hollibaugh, Mike P; McBride, Mike T; Eric Simons; cglazier @context design.com Subject: RE: Legacy streetscape plan meeting request I will not be able to attend Friday's meeting, but "I looked over what you sent and I have some comments: I 512 1. On sheet L300 the planter graphic details: inside the planters should be all soil, and then there should openings below grade in the planter wall as root pathways to allow root growth into structural soils that are placed outside the planters and underneath the pavement or pavers. The soil volumes within the planters only represent 181.44 cubic feet of space for soil volumes to root trees in. That will limit the trees growth severely. 2. Please see the attached document for some urban planting ideas, there are graphics used by the City for structural soils at the end of it for Main Street planting. 3. You con also see Jim Urban or Nina Bassuk's website for more clarification; htt /www.hort.cornell.edu /UHI/ Nina Bassuk, Cornell University or http: /www.deeproot.com/ Jim Urban's Silva -Cell product. 4. Structural soils would work well with the pervious paver's idea, keeping soil in planters and allowing roots to grow out under the pervious pavers and remain deep in the mix, but they should be placed in continuous runs to allow roots to grow that way. They should not be placed in little boxes, cut off from all the other boxes. Continuous structural soils will provide a real "European" look and feel to the development. 5. I did not see a species list, if you can get me one, I would be glad to make comments on it. Page 1 of 4 Conn, Angelina V From: Tim Walter [TWalter @platinum properties.com] Sent: Wednesday, March 19, 2008 10:19 AM To: Conn, Angelina V Cc: Brewer, Scott I; Duncan, Gary R; Hollibaugh, Mike P; McBride, Mike T; Eric Simons; cglazier©context-design.com Subject: RE: Legacy streetscape plan meeting request Attachments: L300 Details 3- 18- 08.pdf; L100 Key Plan 3- 18- 08.pdf; L201 Prototypical Streetscape 3- 18- 08.pdf Hello all, Have we confirmed the 1:30 meeting time? Thanks! Tim Timothy J. Walter, PE Senior Project Manager Platinum Properties, LLC. 9757 Westpoint Drive, Suite 600 Indianapolis, Indiana 46256 (317) 863 2057(0) (317) 216 -8636 (F) I now have a meeting on Friday at 1030 am with mike h, and some other people, regarding a different project Angie Conn, Planning Administrator Dept. of Community Services Planning Zoning 1 Civic Square, 3rd Floor City of Carmel, IN 46032 p. 317- 571 -2417 f. 317 571 -2426 aconn @carmel.in.gov 3/19/2008 Page 1 of 3 I have attached PDF's of the drawings that we would like to discuss on Friday. As I mentioned in a previous e -mail these are preliminary drawings that we will finalize following our meeting. The key plan still needs some additional work in areas outside of the one prototypical intersection, but we provided it to show exactly where the prototypical intersection we wish to discuss is located. Let me know if you have any questions in the meantime. From: Conn, Angelina V [mailto:Aconn @carmel.in.gov] Sent: Tuesday, March 18, 2008 1:57 PM To: Tim Walter Cc: Brewer, Scott I; Duncan, Gary R; Hollibaugh, Mike P; McBride, Mike T; Eric Simons; cglazier @context design.com Subject: RE: Legacy streetscape plan meeting request From: Tim Walter [mailto:TWalter @platinum- properties.com] Sent: Tuesday, March 18, 2008 1:55 PM To: Conn, Angelina V Cc: Brewer, Scott I; Duncan, Gary R; Hollibaugh, Mike P; McBride, Mike T; Eric Simons; cglazier @context design.com Subject: RE: Legacy streetscape plan meeting request Good idea Angie. At this time we do not have the detailed landscape plans ready. Our intent for this meeting is to go over a draft version of the streetscape and to discuss one prototypical intersection in detail. After the meeting we will incorporate any comments and finalize the streetscape and related landscape plans. We are making some final revisions to these plans this PM. I will forward PDF's of what we plan to discuss tomorrow morning. BENEFITS OF TREES Trees impart a distinctive character and identity and establish a powerful sense of place. They produce subtle signs of the care and value the City places in the streetscape. They also provide real dollar value in real estate improvements and "green infrastructure" engineering benefits, here is a short list of their benefits: Social and Infrastructure Benefits Trees establish visual harmony and continuity along the City's streets. Trees enrich the aesthetic experience. The beauty which trees add to any landscape is especially appreciated in urban settings, where the most people live and work and where environmental amenity is often hardest to find. Trees enhance people's sense of connection to nature and history, increase the use of public spaces, and enhance civic pride and involvement. Trees soften and screen urban development, and trees help diffuse noise. The addition of trees tends to reduce crime, slow traffic, decrease school aggression and domestic conflict; while increasing peoples feeling of well- being. Economic Benefits Trees help increase (from 7 to 20 percent) and stabilize property values. Commercial districts are strengthened by the enhanced image trees provide. The economic return to the City in the form of property, sales and transfer taxes is substantial. In Commercial districts, consumers will come more often, shop longer, and spend more if the area has large green shade trees. See national consumer preference studies done by Dr. Kathy Wolf, University of Washington: http: /www.cfr. washington .edu /research.envmind/ Besides increasing property values, trees tend to provide proof of economic investment in commercial landscapes and boost occupancy rates. Environmental Benefits http: /www.fs.fed.us /psw /programs /cufr /research/ Trees provide shade and help cool "urban heat islands reducing energy costs and consumption. The daily moisture transpired from one large tree can have the cooling effect of five average room air conditioners running 20 hours a day. One study showed that air in a two -acre forest remained 37 to 39 degrees cooler than an asphalt parking lot. Trees moderate wind. A 20 -mph wind can be cut to 5 -mph by a loose screen of trees. Trees absorb carbon dioxide, counteracting the global "greenhouse effect Photosynthesis fixes carbon in the biomass of a tree, where it stays sequestered as long as the tree lives. In this way, an average tree captures nearly half a ton of CO2 over the first 30 years of its life. Trees produce oxygen and filter airborne particles, helping to reduce air pollution. Trees can help to reduce erosion and surface runoff, control stormwater problems, and lead to a steadier and cleaner supply of water. OPTIMIZING COSTS /BENEFITS OF URBAN TREES To optimize these benefits in urban settings, trees need to be present and allowed to reach maturity. This depends on three main points: selecting the best species (genetics), planting (and maintaining) using the best management practices, and most importantly, designing space (environment) that allows trees the room to mature and survive. Generally, the average life of a city "street tree" is 7 to 10 years due to the stress factors found in urban settings. That is about the time it takes trees to reach the size to begin to break even by providing services that outweigh the cost of their plantingand maintenance. To provide the optimum level of green infrastructure environmental benefits for the City, trees need to be able to reach at least 15 to 25 years maturity. In addition, trees provide the "sense of scale" needed in urban settings, landscape or streetscape trees need to reach at least 15 to 25 years of age. Barrie Greenbie in his book Spaces: Dimensions of Human Landscape says that street trees need be able to reach 50 to 60 feet in height to achieve this sense of scale. The following table illustrates mature size related to planting area width: TREE LAWN WIDTH 3 -5 feet 5 -7 feet 7 -9 feet 9 feet or wider The single most critical aspect in providing an environment for allowing trees to attain the height and maturity to fulfill their functions is to provide adequate soil volume for root growth. Essentially, without adequate soil volumes for roots to grow in, trees won't get large, or grow well. They will quickly outgrow their space, decline, and die. 1 Crown DBH -Trunk Spread Diameter Sq Ft Inch 1200 24 co N 900 20 co 640 16 480 12 C3 320 tra 140 z MATURE TREE HEIGHT 10 -30 feet 30 -40 feet 40 -50 feet 50 feet or taller 200 400 600 800 1000120014001600 Sail Volume Required (Cu Ft) Example: A 16 inch diameter tree requires 1000 cu ft of soil The attached pages of illustrations present several options for providing adequate space for shade tree roots, including: Wide tree lawns Interconnected soil volumes (connected or continuous root trenches) Planting plazas Structural soils under pavements (CU- Soils, Silva -Cell by Deep Root, etc.) Pervious pavements (allows water and air to enter soil) Underground water storage or irrigation (subsurface stormwater infiltration) Jim Urban's DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS Soil Based Strategies 1. Plant the easy places first. Plant larger trees to grow in the more open soil areas before making special arrangements to plant smaller stature trees in tighter spaces. By starting the design with the easier locations, success will be more certain and cheaper to attain. Working with existing resources is also fundamental to the principles of environmentally sustainable design.. It is often the case that the soil between the sidewalk and the building is more suitable to grow a healthy large tree, but it is rare for this location to be selected. The location beside the curb can be argued to have significant aesthetic and urban design advantage. Yet, unless the project has the financial resources to overcome the technical problems of putting the trees in the more confined space, all the aesthetic advantages may be lost. 2. Make the planting spaces bigger. Balance the size of the paving and soil areas. In urban areas, work hard to reduce the areas of paving (or make them pervious) and increase the areas open for soil. Of all the principles, this is the most important, and the easiest to undertake. Many architects and engineers do not know how their decisions affect tree health, or may believe that the tree can be replaced when it dies. Paving is also many times considered easy to maintain and needed for pedestrian and /or vehicle traffic. But studies indicate the roads can be narrower, sidewalks can modulate in width, and rarely does a plaza need all the paving that is provided. Fewer, larger spaces for clustered trees are better than many smaller isolated tree planting spaces. Formulas for determining the amount of soil needed to support a large tree are provided from various sources. Use them to gain support for larger soil areas 3. Preserve and reuse existing soils. This goes to the heart of "sustainability" in cities, and having soil biology correct. Despite the dire predictions of destroyed soils and poor growing conditions, there are often usable soils to be found at urban sites. If these soils can be identified, incorporated into the design, and protected during construction, a small piece of the environment has been preserved. Anytime reasonable soil exists, its reuse is usually the best option. The harvesting of topsoil and other materials to make amended replacement soil results in large areas of degrade land, siltation of water ways, and considerable use of fuel. Think of soil replacements preservation of the growing space for future trees. The reuse of soil, meaning existing soil resources are moved around the site and restored, is the second best option, but comes with its own requirements and an acceptance of a significant level of soil degradation no matter how carefully it is handled. Jim Urban recommends Hummel Co. Labs http: /www.turfdoctor.com/ for soil testing. 4. Improve soil and drainage to grow plants. Once the design has established the limits of available soil area, make the soil "right for the tree." This speaks to the need for soil specifications, break compaction, amend or replace the soil, and maintain or create proper drainage. Sometimes simple deep tilling .of a compacted soil is sufficient, while in other places, complete soil replacement is required. Knowledge of soils, drainage, and the cultural requirements of the trees being planted are necessary to make the right decisions. Improper soil amendments are one of the most common mistakes in working with soils. If you do not have the knowledge to take this step properly, ask for help. Plants can adapt to dry conditions, and a little supplemental water at establishment or during a drought can make all the difference. If there are drainage problems, it can be difficult to fix, especially if the problem is not discovered until after the rest of the project is constructed. Poor drainage will undo all the other principles. Tree Based Strategies 5. Respect and protect the base of the tree. Do not pave within the area of the tree's future trunk flare. The mature trunk flare is the pronounced swelling at the base of the tree just before the trunk disappears underground. It is usually more than twice the diameter of the trunk flare at 4" above the ground. This area must be treated with great care and respect. The trunk flare must and will expand to dimensions dictated by the tree, not the designer. Constrictions there will either be pushed aside by the tree, or if strong enough to resist trunk expansion, seriously damage the tree. Just beyond the trunk flare, the first set of large roots extends out underground and rapidly tapers over the next six to eight feet away from the trunk. These are the roots that cause the most conflict with paving and curbs. Obstructions within this area are always at risk unless measures are taken to prevent root intrusion, or developing conditions the allow roots to grow deeper within the soil. 6. Make space for the roots. Different approaches to root space design must be utilized as conditions change. In the urban design process, it may simply be impossible to provide sufficient soil for each tree in an area separate from paving. At this point, the designer must begin to anticipate roots growing under pavement; this may limit the type of paving that may be used and the cost of the project. It is possible to encourage root growth under paving in ways that do not affect the stability of pavement material. In urban areas, uniformity in design and detailing of the tree rooting space often does not result in uniformity in tree growth. This is especially true when the rooting space is smaller than what is required by the tree. Trees adapt to subtle differences in the area around the prepared rooting space, Develop unique solutions to individual environments and optimize the budget to grow large healthy trees. Soil volumes can by designed using a variety of modes; open soil areas, root pathways, structural soils, soil cells or trenches, etc. There are different ideas for each different tree situation. The main idea is to provide the amount of soil that it takes to grow larger and healthier trees. 7. Select the right tree. Only after looking at the biology of tree growth in the right place and making the place right for the tree, should the designer consider tree species selection. By adopting this order of priority, a much wider palette of trees will be available to choose from. Trees will be selected primarily for their ability to perform the desired functions and aesthetic contributions to the design. But selecting the right tree also assumes a high level of professional competence about the requirements for each tree. This is more than a quick look in a text book resource or the use of a digital plant selection program. These resources are a great place to begin, but are no substi0tute for personal experience with the plants being considered. Local climate, maintenance requirements, nursery availability, regional soil differences, and other variables must be considered at a more detailed level that can be explained in a one page write up text on plant requirements. Once the tree species has been selected, go back through the design process and make sure that the place has been made right for that species Management Based Strategies 8. Establish reasonable tree and soil budgets. Balance the design quality of all elements of the urban landscape. Trees are just one element in the urban fabric that is needed to support the desired goal of bringing together the densities of people that make economic and social interaction possible. Other elements, such as paving, furnishings, and lighting, are also important, but it is necessary to keep the resources devoted to each element balanced with in the available budget. Growing and maintaining a large healthy tree in urban soils requires about the same resources per unit as is required to install and maintain a good quality street light. Trees and lights are different types of benefits to the community, but these benefits are reasonably similar in value. Too many landscapes are built with wonderful quality light fixtures, high quality paving, and designer furnishings placed among dead and stressed trees because the designer did not understand the need to balance the proper resources. As budgets become limiting, adjust the quality of everything a little bit. Planting fewer trees provided with healthy soil will provide a better• landscape in the long term. 9. Create detailed tree and soil construction documents with specifications. Make construction decisions that are project specific and respect the science of trees and soils. Once the design concept has been developed with the basic systems needed to support the construction document process must continue with the same high level of care and commitment to the principles of soil scienceand tree biology. Detailed drawings of the soil design should be provided and separate soil and drainage installation plans should be required. Accurately depict root ball size to assure that it fits in the space provided for it, and check again during construction, as well as checking that the mature root system has enough future room planned to fit in the space for 30 to 40 years. Create detailed drainage plans on how water can move into and out of the soil. Make sure that the contractor can actually place the soils in the locations and in the sequence of construction. The best set of documents can not succeed if there is not coordination between the designer and the contractor or if the contractor does not follow the documents requirements. Frequent inspections of construction process and materials at their source are needed to assure a quality finished product. Since many landscape mistakes are ultimately covered with soil and mulch, drainage systems, sub -grade conditions, soil installation, soil compaction, and root balls must be inspected throughout the construction process. 10. Design for maintenance. Urban environments are dependant of proper maintenance. In intensely used urban settings, the concept of "low maintenance" is not a practical reality. The source and capability of maintenance must be identified during the design process. Knowledge of all specialized maintenance requirements and system designs must be passed from the construction team to the maintenance team. But a properly designed landscape should be able to support healthy trees.with just a little maintenance. Understanding the maintenance capabilities of the client should be a fundamental design criterion. Many projects that receive wide acclaim for design have small armies of maintenance staff who can overcome design flaws. But sometimes, particularly in cases of poor drainage, the design is simply not maintainable. Design choices do impact the ability to maintain the design. Soil testing, including monitoring soil biology, should be a regular part of the maintenance process. Pruning must recognize that long term growth goals for the tree, and set up proper branching patterns for the creation of strong branch joints. While the primary designers are rarely part of the ongoing maintenance team, they must set the landscape on an obtainable maintenance course, and make strong recommendations to influence quality maintenance practices by ISA Certified Arborists and other qualified maintenance providers. Location: Shade trees work best in urban settings where they can branch out over and shade pavement and buildings. Conflicts with utilities, sidewalks, and curbs should be considered, but trees should not be eliminated because of them. The best is when priority space for trees and their roots can be planned in the overall design. Type and Size: Large, durable, deciduous shade tree species should be planted. Durability and mature size should outweigh such aspects as ornamental shape, flowering ability, and color. Species such as Oaks, Plane Trees, and Maples provide crown volumes at least ten times greater than flowering cherries or dogwoods. Shrub size should match function and species should match planting site. Spacing: Avoid planting trees too far apart. There is no scientific basis for assuming that trees grown 30 to 50 feet apart are healthier than trees grown 15 or 20 feet apart. It is an aesthetic consideration. Trees adapt their form when grown in close spacing, and are more effective at producing shade. They also tend to grow taller and straighter, with the ability to be limbed up at a younger age, producing less tree -sign visual conflicts. Size at Transplanting: Larger balled and burlapped stock (over 3 1 /2 inch diameter) produce great visual impact, but are much more likely to die within the first two to three years after planting than smaller stock. Nursery stock of 1 3 /4 to 2 1 /2 inch diameter has much less transplant mortality, and usually establishes more quickly than larger stock. Tree Pits: Tree pits, or planting holes in concrete or other large area of impervious surface, should be avoided. Shade trees in them will not attain the height, health, or maturity to function properly. Such trees will be on a 5 to 10 year replacement schedule of continual cost without providing benefits. Tree Grates: Avoid the use of tree grates. They serve little practical purpose, are expensive, and eventually injure trees. Tree Guards: If tree guards are needed, they should be designed to be wider than 30 inches in diameter, easily removable, and used only in areas of high traffic. Watering: Adequate watering or irrigation for the first two years after transplanting is the single most important factor in establishing trees. Native Species: These species are preferred for their abilities to adapt to local planting sites and survive stressful climate conditions such as cold, drought, etc. Species Diversity: An important factor in the health of the urban forest (the more species the better), but for design purposes can be provided on a block by block (or slightly broader area) basis. Illustrations and supporting text unless otherwise noted are taken from the following sources: Trees in Urban Design, Second Edition Second Nature, Adapting LA's Landscape Best Development Practices Architectural Graphic Standards, 10` Edition ROOT FACTS: Henry F. Arnold, Author Patrick Condon, Stacy Moriarty, Editors Reid Ewing, Author James Urban, contributing Author Most roots grow horizontally and upward through the soil Most roots are in the top foot of soil, few deeper than three feet Many roots extend radially far beyond branch tips, 30 feet is not uncommon Roots grow in upper soil because that's where the air, water, and nutrients are Roots will not grow where moisture, space, and oxygen are not available (compacted soils) The surface of the roots is larger than of the branches and leaves Small root hairs which make up most of the root surface, die and regenerate periodically TREE SPECIES TO AVOID The following are species to avoid because of problems with disease, adaptability, or poor form for streetscapes or urbanized settings (weak branching, thorns, shallow invasive roots, seeds, etc): Acer negundo Boxelder: Aggressive, Shallow roots, Weak wood Acer rubrum Red Maple: Shallow roots, Easily damaged, Chlorotic Acer saccharinum Silver Maple: Aggressive, Shallow roots, Weak wood Ailanthus altissima Tree of Heaven: Seeds, Suckers, Weak wood Betula papyrifera Paper Birch: Insects Betula pendula European White Birch: Insects Elaeagnus angustifolia Russian Olive: Form, Disease, Thorns Fraxinus species Ash: Emerald Ash Borer Ginkgo biloba Female Female Ginkgo: Fruits (odor) Morus species Mulberry: Fruits, Shallow roots Picea or Pinus species Spruce or Pine: Shallow roots, Low branches, Salt spray Pyrus calleryana 'Bradford' Bradford Pear: Weak branching, Low branches Populus alba White Poplar: Suckers, Shallow roots, Weak wood Populus deltoides Cottonwood: Weak wood, shallow roots, Seeds Populus nigra 'Italica' Lombardy poplar: Insects, Disease, Short -lived Quercus palustris Pin Oak: Soil problems, Yellowing, Low branches Salix species Willow: Weak wood, shallow roots Sorbus tianshanica 'Dwarf Crown' Turkistan Mountain Ash Tilia cordata 'Corzam' Corinthian Little leaf Linden: Japanese beetle Ulmus americana American elm: Insects, Disease Ulmus pumila Siberian Elm: Weak wood, Seeds SUMMARY Urban Forestry Considerations For Landscape Design In Carmel's Urban Development In making recommendations for urban landscaping, there are many factors to be considered: the need for trees (benefits), their limitations, and the need for advanced planning to maximize their benefits and avoid potential conflicts. Redevelopment of urban areas increases the conflicts between roadways, sidewalks, utilities, and trees in a very limited space. Advanced planning is extremely important in resolving solutions to streetscape conflicts. Trees are important, and provide many benefits in addition to aesthetics._ These benefits are only realized if the trees are allowed to mature and grow large. In order to mature, a tree must have an adequate volume of soil in which to grow roots. As streetscape conflicts increase, innovative solutions can be created, but costs and/or time in development may increase (as benefits will increase too). An overall master tree plan and policy should be a consideration to help guide landscaping design as the development continues. Conn, Angelina V From: Brewer, Scott I Sent: Wednesday, March 19, 2008 11:19 AM To: 'Tim Walter'; Conn, Angelina V Cc: Duncan, Gary R; Hollibaugh, Mike P; McBride, Mike T; Eric Simons; cglazier @context design.com Subject: RE: Legacy streetscape plan meeting request Attachments: SB Urban Design recommendations for landscaping.doc Dear Tim and Craig: I will not be able to attend Friday's meeting, but I looked over what you sent and I have some comments: 1. On sheet L300 the planter graphic details: inside the planters should be all soil, and then there should openings below grade in the planter wall as root pathways to allow root growth into structural soils that are placed outside the planters and underneath the pavement or pavers. The soil volumes within the planters only represent 181.44 cubic feet of space for soil volumes to root trees in. That will limit the trees growth severely. 2. Please see the attached document for some urban planting ideas, there are graphics used by the City for structural soils at the end of it for Main Street planting. 3. You con also see Jim Urban or Nina Bassuk's website for more clarification; http://wvvw.hort.cornell.edu/UHI/ Nina Bassuk, Cornell University or http; /www.deeproot.com/ Jim Urban's Silva -Cell product. 4. Structural soils would work well with the pervious paver's idea, keeping soil in planters and allowing roots to grow out under the pervious pavers and remain deep in the mix; but they should be placed in continuous runs to allow roots to grow that way. They should not be placed in little boxes, cut off from all the other boxes. Continuous structural soils will provide a real "European" look and feel to the development. 5. I did not see a species list, if you can get me one, I would be glad to make comments on it. Scott Brewer, City Forester Environmental Planner, DOCS City of Carmel, One Civic Square Carmel, IN 46032 PH: 317 -571 -2478 FAX: 317- 571 -2426 Urban Forestry is the center of sustainability for municipalities From: Tim Walter [mailto:TWalter @platinum- properties.com] Sent: Wednesday, March 19, 2008 10:19 AM To: Conn, Angelina V Cc: Brewer, Scott I; Duncan, Gary R; Hollibaugh, Mike P; McBride, Mike T; Eric Simons; cglazier @context design.com Subject: RE: Legacy streetscape plan meeting request Hello all, I have attached PDF's of the drawings that we would like to discuss on Friday. As I mentioned in a previous e -mail these are preliminary drawings that we will finalize following our meeting. The key plan still needs some additional work in areas outside of the one prototypical intersection, but we provided it to show exactly where the prototypical intersection we wish to discuss is located. Let me know if you have any questions in the meantime. Have we confirmed the 1:30 meeting time? Thanks! Tim Timothy J. Walter, PE Senior Project Manager Platinum Properties, LLC. 3/19/2008 Page 1 of 4